中考英语被动语态专题复习课件.ppt

1、festival.swf,被动语态专项复习,高县落润中学 刘元福,课前热身：巧记主动语态变被动语态顺口溜 主动变被动，划分句子成分主、谓、宾首先用，接着判断时态巧布控，主动谓语变被动，be+过分来使用。 宾语变主语，主语by宾语，谓语be+过分随时态记。 情态动词主动变被动，情态动词+be+过分一起用。 双宾物作主，指人宾语前要带for或to. 使役、感官动词后，宾补动词别忘加to 用。 其余部分不变化，抄下完整句子好说话。 一般现在时，谓语is/am/are+过分来使用； 一般过去时，谓语was/were+过分来使用； 一般将来时，谓语will/shall+be+过分来使用； 现在进行时，谓

2、语is/am/are+being+过分来使用； 过去进行时，谓语was/were+being+过分来使用； 现在完成时，谓语have/has+been+过分来使用； 情态动词被动语态，谓语 can/could/must/should/would/may+be+过分来使用。,步骤一：典型题例 一. Read the words about chores,clean my bedroom wash clothes cook meals 做饭 water flowers take out the trash do the dishes make ones bed,二. read and answer

3、,1.- Who cleans your bedroom at your home? - My bedroom is cleaned by my mother/ myself.,2.- Who washes your clothes? - My clothes are washed by my mother/ myself/washing machine. 洗衣机,二. read and answer,3.- Who cooks meals at your home? - The meals are cooked by my mother/ me.,4.- Who waters flowers

4、 at your home? -The flowers are watered by my father,二. read and answer,5.- Who takes out the trash at your home? - The trash is taken out by my mother/ myself.,6.- Who does the dishes at your home? -The dishes are done by my father,7.- Who makes your bed at your home? -My bed is made by myself.,三.

5、Report(报告),In my family， my bedroom is cleaned by myself， The trash is taken out by me and my bed is made by myself ，But other chores are done by my parents.,四. Oral practice(口语操练),1.The house is cleaned by my mother. 2.The house is built by the workers. 3.The flowers are watered by myfather. 4.The

6、flowers are planted by me.,五. Have a try(试一试),The clothes are washed by The dishes were washed by The door is opened by The computer is used by The book is read by The English is spoken by,步骤二：考点精解 1.被动语态基本用法： 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,2.规则动词的过去分

7、词：,1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,3.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,主动语态：His brother washes bowls every day,主（执行者）,谓,宾(承受者),Bowls,are washed,by,

8、his brother,every day.,4. 主动语态被动语态,添加,5.主动变被动的方法:,People speak English in the world. 主 谓 宾,English is spoken by people in the world. ,总结:,主语,be+ P.P(过去分词),by +宾语,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 6.一般现在时的被动语态：,变为被动语态一,S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词,步骤三：E

9、xercises（针对练习，变被动语态） They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played (by them) on Sunday.,The homework is done (by Lucy )in the evening.,Computers are often used (by them) in class.,These ma

10、chines are made (by us)in Beijing.,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,谓(动介),宾(承受者),The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday .,变为被动语态二,主动语态：,被动语态：,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.,7.一般过去时的被动语态：,S+ was/were +过去分词,步骤三：Exercises（针对练

11、习，变被动语态） 1）They built the tall building last year. 2)He took good care of his little brother yesterday. 3)We cleaned our classroom just now. 4)They used this room for resting.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was

12、 cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by them.,注：动词短语作谓语，变被动语态时，不能省掉短语中的介词或副词，如例2).,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾(承受者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,变为被动语态三,They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days.,8.一般将来时的被动语态： S

13、+ will+be+过去分词,Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.,9.情态动词的被动语态： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,变为被动语态四,1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by

14、 him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.,English should be learned well by them.,步骤三：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态）,Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 10. 现在进行时的被动语态： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,变为被动语态五,We have made twe

15、nty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 11. 现在完成时的被动语态： S+ have/has + been+过去分词,变为被动语态六,一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 情态动词： 现在进行时: 现在完成时：,S+ am/is /are + done(过去分词),S+can/may/must/should+be+done (过去分词),S+ will + be + done (过去分词),S+ is/am/are + being+ done(过去分词),S+ have/has + been+ done(过去分词),S+

16、was/were + done(过去分词),12.各种时态的被动语态构成,13. 被动语态的用法 Football is played all over the world My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。,一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说 出动作的执行者时。例如：,一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：,二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“据报道”、“大 家说”等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house

17、. It was reported that her mother died of SARS(非典). 众所周知 It is well known that 例如： It is well known that Yao Ming is a basketball player. 据推测 It is supposed that 例如： It is supposed that it will rain tomorrow.,四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如： Tina is asked to come by Paul （Tina是被Paul叫来的.） 五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如： He

18、was born in October，1989,14.主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况: 一、 使役动词和感官动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有：hear, see, watch, make, help, let等。 1) I heard him sing last night. He was heard to sing last night. 2) We saw him walk into the building. He was seen to walk into the building. 3) The boss made the

19、m work 10 hours a day. They were made to work 10 hours a day. 4) They watch the children sing that morning. The children were watched to sing that morning.,二、含双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 1) Someone gave the boy an apple. (间接宾语) (直接宾语) An apple(物) was given_ the boy. The boy（人） was given an apple. 2) His father b

20、ought him a present. A present （物）was bought _him. He（人） was bought a present.,to,for,Show（出示） sth to sb / show sb sth sth（物） is shown to sb. sb（人） is shown sth 2. Give（给） sth to sb / give sb sth sth（物） is given to sb sb（人） is gvien sth 3. Bring（带来） sth to sb / bring sb sth sth（物） is brought to sb s

21、b（人） is brought sth,Read and learn(读并掌握):,4. buy(买) sth for sb / buy sb sth sth（物） is bought for sb sb（人） is bought sth 5. Make（作） sth for sb / make sb sth sth（物） is made for sb sb（物） is made sth,Read and learn(读并掌握):,1.He has given us some advice. We _ _ _some advice. Some advice _ _ _to us by him.

22、 2.She taught us the song. We _ _ the song by _. The song_ _ _ _ by her. 3.He showed me his stamps. I _ _ his stamps by him. His stamps _ _ _ _by him.,have been given,has been given,were taught,her,was taught to us,was shown,were shown,to me,步骤三：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态）,Read and remember(情感目标),I find i

23、t very important that we learn English well I find it very important for us to learn English well (我发现学好英语很重要.) I think it very easy that we learn English well I think it very easy for us to learn English well (我认为学好英语很容易.),步骤四：高频考点突破,1.用所给动词的正确形式填空 2.Be动词的正确形式填空 3.句型转换: 4.英汉互译（完成句子）,用所给动词的正确形式填空,1.

24、 Too much water by him every day. (drink),2. Five apples by Tom every day. (eat),3. I _often_by her. (help),4.She _often _by me. ( hit),1.Many trees _planted by us every year.,2.1000 trees _planted by us last year.,3. A knife _ used to cut apples.,4. The students _ asked to have breakfast.,用be的正确形式填

25、空,观察: be动词有_,_和 _的变化.,is drunk,are eaten,helped,is,hit,are,were,am,时态,人称,数,is,are,Many trees are planted by people every year., Many trees arent planted by people every year.,Are many trees planted by people every year?, What is planted by people every year?, Who are many trees planted by every year

26、? By whom are many trees planted every year?, Many trees are planted by people every year,arent they?, People plant many trees every year.,句型转换:,英汉互译:,1.她是由我帮助的. 2.她受到了帮助. 3.南方种水稻. 4.每天要用很多水. 5. 山上种了很多树.,She is helped by me.,She was helped.,Rice is grown in the south.,A lot of water is used every da

27、y.,Many trees are planted on the hill.,句型转换: We dont speak Japanese at school.(被动语态) Japanese _ _ by us at school. 2. The desk is made by Tom.(主动语 态) Tom _ the desk. 3. Its made in China,_ _?(反意疑问句) 4. The thief was caught ,_ _?(同上） 5.Tom, be, by, the model plane, make （连词成句）,isnt,spoken,makes,isnt,

28、it,wasnt,he,The model plane is made by Tom.,步骤五：权威中考预测 ( )1.The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考题） A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing ( )2.This book _ often _from the library.(北京市中考题） A arent take away B taken away C i

29、snt taken away D be taken away 3.He _ _ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黄冈市中考题）,was told,B,c,5. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (济南市中考题） another man-made satellite into space last week.(变主动语态) 7.People there planted many trees last year. many Trees _ _ by people there last yea