6第六讲过去分词.ppt

1、过去分词,表语,1. We were all deeply moved.,2. He was surprised at the news.,3. The cup is broken. 4. The cup was broken by Jack.,5. Jack is interested in English.,6. Jack is very interesting. We all like to make friends with him.,定语,The ground was covered with fallen leaves.,2. The food cooked by my mothe

2、r was delicious.,3. developing countries developed countries,发展中国家,发达国家,4. boiling water boiled water,宾语补足语,1. I had my car repaired yesterday.,2. I found the door closed.,3. He spoke loudly to make himself heard.,4. I found Tom sitting under the tree.,状语,He went into the house, followed by the stud

3、ents.,2. Given more time, I would do better.,3. Seeing his mother coming, the child was very happy.,4. Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful.,When you are asked about it, you must keep silent about it.,When asked about it, you must keep silent about it.,2. I wont go to the par

4、ty unless I am invited.,I wont go to the party unless invited.,非谓语,不定式（to do),分词,动名词（-ing),过去分词(-ed),现在分词(-ing),- ing分词,-ed分词,使用条件,一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时,She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.,see from the hill

5、, we find the town beautiful,1. 2.,When we see from the hill, we find the town beautiful.,Seeing from the hill, we find the town beautiful.,China is a large country which develops very quickly. 2. I have received your letter which says you will come to China next month. 3. I want to see some films t

6、hat are very interesting.,China is a large country developing very quickly.,I have received your letter , saying you will come to China next month.,I want to see some interesting films.,4. When he was walking in the street, he saw one of his old friend. 5. Because he was ill, he stayed at home. 6. A

7、fter he finished the letter, he posted it.,-(When)Walking in the street, he saw one of his old friend.,-Being ill, he stayed at home.,-Having finished the letter, he posted it.,注意:-ing的完成形式只表示这个动作发生在主句动作之前.,V-ing 和V-ed的区别,从时态和语态两个角度去区分,V-ing,V-ed,时态,语态,进行时,过去,主动,被动,如：,a developed country / a develop

8、ing country,a polluted river / a sleeping baby,( 1 ) 作定语,( 2 ) 作状语,_ from the hill, you can get the whole town. _ from the hill, the whole town looks beautiful.,Seeing,Seen,1.Mr Brown wants to buy a used car. 2. Whats the language spoken in Germany. 3. The pupils will get tired if they are made to l

9、earn too much 4.I made myself understood easily. 5.We found the work completely done. 6. Heated, metals will expand. = If metals are heated, metals will expand. 7. Seen through a telescope, the sun appears dark near the edge.,例外：不及物动词的-ed分词没有被动含义，只表示完成的意思。 例如：The street was covered with fallen leave

10、s. 这条马路被落叶所覆盖,解题思路,一、从语态方面判断,A) _from space , the earth looks blue .B) _from space , we can see the earth is blue . (see) A) The dirty clothes _ , the girl hung them up outside .B) After _ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside . (wash) A) The missing boys were last seen _ near the river.

11、B) The Olympic Games _ in the year 2008 was a great success. (play),Seen,Seeing,washed,washing,playing,played,1. A) _ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm. B)_ late in the morning, Bob didnt go to school on time. (sleep) 2. A) With the problems _, I felt proud of myself. B) With a lot of pr

12、oblems _, I have no time to see a movie. (solve),To sleep,Sleeping,solved,to solve,二、从时态方面判断,3. A) The building _ now will be a restaurant .B) The building _ next year will be a restaurant .C) The building _ last year is a restaurant. (build) 4. A) He stood there _ for his mother.B) _ for two hours

13、, he went away. (wait),being built,to be built,built,waiting,Having waited,1. He was in low spirits and even consider _ (go) away. 2. I am used to _ (read) English every morning. 3. I appreciate your _ (want) to help us in our difficulties. 4.Can you imagine you _ (treat) like that?,going,reading,wa

14、nting,being treated,三、熟记固定用法,只接动词-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有： admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 put off 推迟 keep 保持 consider 考虑 delay 耽搁 dislike 嫌恶 resist抵制 mention 提及 enjoy 喜欢 escape 避免 excuse 原谅 practice 练习 mind介意 fancy想不到 feel like 意欲 finish 完成 risk 冒险 include 包括 forgive 原谅 give up 放弃 suggest 建议 miss 逃过 ima

15、gine 设想 cant help 情不自禁 ,常见的带介词to的短语： be used to 习惯 be related to 与有关 get down to 着手做 contribute to 贡献 put ones mind to全神贯注于 give rise to 引起 be equal to 胜任 devote oneself to 献身于 lead to 导致 be opposed to 反对 look forward to 盼望 object to 反对 stick to 坚持 pay attention to 注意 ,只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词： 建议冒险去献身，忍受期

16、待不停顿；放弃延期悔失去，坚持欣赏实践成；注意原谅避反对，考虑要求不自禁；允许习惯不介意，价值开始想动名。,They were frightened to hear the frightening sound.他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。 At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved.看到这么动人的情景，所有在场的人都感动了。,四、Ved与V-ing 作表语的区别,V-ed形式:主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态 V-ing形式:多表示主语具有的特征,the risen sun 升起了的太阳 the ri

17、sing sun 正在升起的太阳 boiled water 开水 boiling water 正在沸腾的水 fallen leaves 落叶 falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子 developed countries 发达国家 developing countries 发展中国家,五、Ved与V-ing 作定语的区别,V-ed表完成, V-ing表示进行,1._ from the hill, you can get the whole town. 2._ from the hill, the whole town looks beautiful.,Seeing,Seen,一. 主语一

18、致性的考察,常见考点类型,Waiting for a bus, _. A. a brick fell on my head B. A little girl came to talk with me. C. I was hit by a brick on the head D. I was hit by a brick on my head,C,二. 一般式与完成式的考察,（04北京) 29. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. To wait B

19、. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited （04吉林) 28. “ We cant go out in this weather,” said Bob, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked,三. 主动与被动的考察,1. 你知道他们正在讨论 的话题吗?,Do you know the topic _ now? (discuss),2. 这个小男孩最后被看见在河边踢球。,The missing boy was last seen _ nea

20、r the river. (play),being discussed,playing,四. 句子成分混淆,1. There are a lot of students are planting trees on the small hill.,2. He lay on the grass, and looking at the sky.,planting,looking,3. The book belongs to Mary is lost.,belonging,V-ing 和V-ed 用法归纳: V-ing作主语(谓语动词用单数）,v-ed不能作主语 Using computers is

21、very common in our daily life. 2.V-ing作表语与 ved 分词作表语的区别 The story is interesting. The little girl is interested in the story. The news is disappointing. He was disappointed to hear the result.,When the boys were watching the exciting film, they were very excited The students are all moved by the mov

22、ing story. When she saw the surprising result, she gave us a surprised look.,区别:v-ing作表语时表示某物具有的性质,常翻译为”令人的”。v-ed做表语具有被动的概念，一般表示某人对某事的感觉或者体验，解释为“本身感到. 的”。,3.v-ing可作宾语，v-ed不能作宾语： We missed seeing that film when it was at the local cinema. He often imagines flying. He dreams about being a doctor 掌握只能跟

23、v-ing 作宾语的动词及短语,4.v-ing 和v-ed作宾补时的区别: They kept me waiting for a long time. He watched the cars coming and going. I saw him playing card. She heard her sister singing in her room. Mr Li has Jim standing outside the door. I had my MP3 repaired last week. We heard this song sung in English. No matter

24、how I try, I just cant make myself understood by the foreigner. V-ing用作宾补时, 和句子中的宾语构成主动 关系，说明宾语一直在做或正在做某事. V-ed用作宾补时, 和句子中的宾语构成被动关系，说明宾语的情况,5.v-ing和v-ed作定语时的区别: a singing bird. a sleeping dog a man carrying a baby a student playing with knife people fighting against wars a swimming pool a writing de

25、sk,a wounded monkey a broken chair boiled water a soldier wounded by knife a road covered with snow,6.v-ing和v-ed作状语时的区别: Being ill, I cant go to work.(原因) Seeing the house on fire, she called 119.(时间状语) He sat on a stone, reading a book.(伴随性状语) Hearing the good news, we all jumped up with joy. (时间状语

26、) The husband died, leaving his wife three daughters. (结果状语) Seen from the top of the mountain, the village is very beautiful. (时间状语) Cooked in a special way, the fish tastesVery nice. (原因状语) Given more time, we could finish the job.(条件状语) The president entered the hall, followed by his guards. (伴随性

27、状语),不定式可作原因状语,常放在表示心理感觉的形容词后 I am happy to see you. She was sad to hear the bad news.,不定式做状语时，其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语。,In order to be a good scientist, one must understand mathematics.,要成为一个出色的科学家，必须懂数学。 To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.,练习,The teacher came into the classroom, _ ( following, follo

28、wed ) the students.,2. I didnt want to have my hair_ (cutting, cut),3. _(seeing, seen) the sun _(rising, risen), we let out a cry of joy.,following,cut,Seeing,rising,4. The house needs _ ( mending, to mend).,mending,5. _(Losing, Lost) in thought, he sat under the tree.,Lost,6. Wood is used to _ ( bu

29、ild, building) houses.,build,分词练习,1.There was a terrible noise_ the sudden burst of light. (89年) A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 2. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 BC, didnt include women until 1912.(97) A.first playing B. to be first played C. first played. D. to be playing 3. Whats the language _ in Germany?(83) A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak,B. following,C. first played,B. sp