国际贸易实务双语教程(第三版)unit 05.ppt

1、,国际贸易实务双语教程（第三版）,(INTERNATIONAL Business Practice),清华大学出版社,The main points of this chapter,1 Methods of Stipulating Quality of Commodity,2 Quality Latitude ,* Quality to be about equal to the sample;,* Quality to be nearly same as the sample.,DEFINITION:,Quality of Goods outwards appearance: shape,

2、structure, color, flavor, luster and etc. inner features: composition, physical and mechanical property, chemical, biological feature, etc.,The definition of grade, standard and specification,Methods of Stipulating Quality of Goods:,By description *by Specification *by Grade *by Standard *by Brand n

3、ame or Trade Mark *by Name of Origin *by Instruction,By sample *by the sellers sample *by the buyers sample *by counter sample,Case Study,One Chinese company exported a contract of Grade B Peanuts to a foreign country importer. When the seller was working on the delivery of the goods, he found that

4、the Grade B Peanuts were out of stock. Without prior consent of the buyer, the seller delivered the Grade A Peanuts instead of Grade B Peanuts and stated on the invoice “Grade A Peanuts, price is the same”, while the buyer refused the consignment. Question: In this situation, does the buyer hold the

5、 repudiation rights? Why?,Answer,The buyer has the right to refuse to pay. This is because both sides confirmed the Grade B Peanuts when signing the contract, which holds a legal effect. If the seller gets the buyers consent, he can change the peanuts grade. So the buyer has the power to refuse to p

6、ay.,One Chinese company exported a contract of agricultural products to a German company. The contract stipulates that moisture not exceeds 15%, impurity not more than 3%. Before the deal closing, the seller sent the buyer the samples and after the contracting the seller immediately faxed the buyer

7、that the consignment was similar to the sample. After the shipment arrived at Germany the buyer had the goods inspected. Later, the buyer showed the inspection certificate, saying that the quality of the goods was inferior to the samples, and then he put forward a claim for compensation of 6000, fin

8、ally the Chinese company paid the compensation. Question: Please analyze the case.,The transaction belongs to the sample trading. In international trade, in order to avoid the situation that the sellers delivery quality is inconsistent with the requirement of the buyer, which leads to the buyers cla

9、im, the seller may ask the buyer for a sample in advance and the seller shall provide a tailored sample according to the sample from the buyer for confirmation; this is called “confirming sample”. When the sample is confirmed by the buyer, all the quality of the goods must be the same as the samples

10、. In the contract, its beneficial for the seller to issue the quarantine inspection and quarantine certificates.,Answer,A Chinas export company made a transaction of apples with a foreign company. Its stipulated “second-class apple” in the quality terms on the contract of sales and letter of credit.

11、 However, they found the second-class apple had been all sold out when they began to arrange the shipment. As a result, the company switched to the delivery of “first-class apples”, and the invoice stated that: “the price of the first-class apples is the same as that of the second-class”. Finally, t

12、he importer refused to accept and to pay due to the inconsistency with the quality contract terms. Question: What do you think of this case?,Under normal circumstances, the practice of substituting the superior goods for the inferior ones will be quite acceptable. However, if the market price of the

13、 goods is nose-diving or some other abnormal things happen, the importer sometimes will avail of the opportunity to refuse the goods or claim with the excuse of quality inconsistency with the contract. Therefore, the quality provisions of the contract formation and performance are a loaded matter of

14、 great significance.,Answer,Additional Exercise,True or False 1、采用凭样品成交时，为了争取国外客户，应选择质量最好的样品给对方，以达成交易。（ ） 2、在出口贸易中，表达品质的方法多种多样，为了明确责任，最好采用既凭样品又凭规格买卖的方法。（ ） 3、某外商来电要我方提供大豆，按含油量18，含水分14，不完全粒7，杂质1的规格订立合同。对此，在一般情况下，我方可以接受。（ ）,4、为了适应国际市场的需要，我出口贸易中，应争取按买方样品达成交易。（ ） 5、回样又称对等样品，指卖方收到买方来样后，做一个复制品寄交对方。（ ） 6、按

15、买方来样，我方复制一个样品寄交买方确认，这个样品即为复样。（ ） 7、ISO 14 000是国际标准化组织推出的重量管理和重量保证系列标准。（ ）,Additional Exercise,Monomial Choice,1.珠宝、首饰等商品具有独特性质，在出口确定其品质时（）。 A.最好用样品磋商 B.最好用文字说明 C.最好看货洽谈成交D.最好用图片说明 【答案】C 2.凭样品买卖时，如果合同中无其他规定，那么卖方所交货物（）。 A.可以与样品大致相同B.必须与样品完全一致 C.允许有合理公差D.允许在包装规格上有一定幅 度的差异 【答案】B,3.品质公差主要用于（）。 A.农副产品 B.初

16、级产品 C.土特产品 D.工业产品 【答案】C 4.国际标准化组织针对制造业及服务业制定了品质管理及品质保证标准，是（）系列标准。 A.ISO 4000 B.ISO 8000 C.ISO 9000 D.ISO 14000 【答案】C,1. 对于大批量生产的散装货，因较难掌握商品的质量，通常在合同中规定（ ）. A品质公差条款 B. 溢短装条款 C. 立即装运条款 D. 仓至仓条款 【答案】 B 2. 合同中未注明商品重量是毛重还是净重计算时，则习惯上应按（ ）计算. A. 毛重 B. 净重 C.以毛作净 D.公量 【答案】 B,4 我某进口公司拟向马来西亚客商出口服装一批，在洽谈合同条款时，就服装的款式可要求买方提供（ ）。 A. 样品 B. 规格 C. 商标 D. 产地,【答案】 A,6 凡货样难以达到一致的，不宜采用（ ） A. 凭说