高英 logic fallacy 八大逻辑谬误.ppt

1、,错误的推理,11-1BS 彭秀秀,Exercise is good，so everybody should exercise.,No!,Exercise is good，so everybody should exercise.,No!,It means an argument based on an unqualified generalization. 即将普遍规则运用于有特殊情况发生 的个别情形之中。,Fred, the Australian, stole my wallet. Thus, all Australians are thieves.,No!,Fred, the Austr

2、alian, stole my wallet. Thus, all Australians are thieves.,No!,It applies a special case to general rule. 由个别情形来推断普遍规则.,McDonalds and KFC offer foods with little nutrition, and thus we cannot expect any fast food restaurant to provide us with nutritious foods.,No!,McDonalds and KFC offer foods with

3、little nutrition, and thus we cannot expect any fast food restaurant to provide us with nutritious foods.,No!,The cause has no connection with the result. 原因和结果没有必然联系,He decided to give up all his decisions.,No!,When the premises of an argument contradict each other, there can be no argument. 当论证的前提

4、相互矛盾时，这立论便不能成立。,We hope youll accept our recommendations. We spent the last three months working extra time on it.,No!,The answer has no connection with the question.,Young children are like flowers-flowers should stay away from terrible weather to grow, so children need to get rid of everything neg

5、ative.,No!,Making an analogy between different things.,If I had studied harder, I would definitely have passed that test .,No!,Drawing any supportable conclusion from a hyperthesis that is not ture.,My opponent is a notorious liar. You cant believe a word that he is going to say.,No!,My opponent is a notorious liar. You cant believe a word that he is going to say.,No!,Poisoning the Well, or speaking “against the man” rather than the issue , in which the premises may only make a personal attack on a person who holds some thesis, instead of offe