TheInfinitiveppt(定案）.ppt

1、动词不定式,-By Li Xuelian,The Infinitive,眼见为实.,To see is to believe.,主语,表语,to + 动词原形,Please pay attention to:,不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to +动词原形”。不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语、定语和宾语补足语，但不能单独作谓语。,一、不定式的构成及作用：,1. The Subject（作主语）,3. The Object(作宾语),4. The Object Complement(作宾语补足语）,2. The Predicative（作表语）,二、T

2、he key points：,三、 The key points ：,To see is to believe. To learn English well is important.,1. 作主语:,单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。,It is + adj./n.（for/of sb）+to do sth. （当adj.表示人的性格特征时用of sb.）,is,若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式置后.,is,It is important to learn English well,Eg. It is hard to please all.,众口难调。,It is not an

3、easy thing for us to learn English well.,学好英语对于我们不是一件简单的事情。,帮助我你真是太好了。,Its very kind of you to help me.,Lets translate:,2. 作表语：,Your task is to clean the classroom.,E.g.：To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. My wish is to go to college.,我的工作是帮助病人。,你的任务是打扫教室。,My job is to help the pat

4、ient.,Translation：,放在系动词后面,I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay.,The important point:,3.作宾语：,常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有: ask,want,hope, refuse, learn, wish, choose(选定、决定), decide, agree, manage（设法） ,pretend （假装 ）, plan,hesitate（犹豫）等.,他们设法及时到达了那儿。,They managed to get there in time.,他们决定去钓鱼。,

5、They decided to go fishing.,Lets practise:,Dont hesitate to answer my question.,不要犹豫回答我的问题。,我希望参观长城。,I wish/hope to visit the Great Wall.,主语+think/ consider/ find/ feel/make/ believe+ it + adj./n.+(for sb.)+ to do,I think it necessary for us to have a good rest after the long work.,Please pay attent

6、ion to :,it 作形式宾语：,(it 做形式宾语，不定式做真正的宾语,The internet makes it easier for us to keep in touch with each other.,我们认为努力学习是我们的职责。,We felt it our duty to study hard.,Lets practise:,我们认为保持生态平衡是有必要的。,We think it important to keep the balance of nature.,网络使得我们互相联系容易一些。,4. 作宾语补足语：,常见的用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：,ask,tel

7、l,want,force,get,allow,wish, prefer(宁愿),expect,encourage（鼓励）, advise（建议）,persuade（说服）,order, permit（允许）,request（要求） etc.,The difficult point:,I expect you to give me some help.,I prefer to go out for a walk.,The teacher told me to read the text.,Lets practise:,老师叫我读课文。,我希望你能给我一些帮助。,我宁愿出去散步。,他说服我参加这个

8、团体。,He persuaded me to join this society.,五看,watch,see,look at,observe,notice,三使,let,make,have,二听,listen to,hear,一感觉:,feel,His father doesnt let him smoke. His neighbour observed a stranger go into his house.,Please pay attention to :,e.g. I made him do his work.,He was made to do his work (by me).,

9、2 help 后面的“to”可省去,e.g. They often help the grandma (to) carry water.,1 在see, watch , look at , notice , observe, hear, listen to, feel等表示感觉和let, make, have等表 示使役的动词后面，不定式作宾语时要省略“to” （注：但在被动语态中to一定要带上。）,Please pay attention to :,1. Father will not allow us _ (play )on the street 2. I saw him _(break)

10、 the window. 3. He was seen _ (break) the window 4.The students listen to me _(read) the text. 5. She was heard _(speak) in the next room.,Lets fill in!,to play,break,to break,read,to speak,Exercises：,Sum up：,动词不定式,主语：,表语：放在系动词后。,宾语,2.主语+think/consider/find/feel/make/ believe+it+adj.+(for sb.)+to do

11、,宾补：,1.ask/tell/want/force/get/allow/wish/prefer/ expect/encourage/advise/persuade/order/ request/permit+宾语to do,2.see/watch/look at/observe/notice/ let/have/make/listen to/hear/feel+宾语+do,It is+adj./n.+(for sb.)+to do sth.,help,1.ask/want/hope/refuse/learn/wish/choose/ decide/agree/manage/pretend/p

12、lan+ to do,exercises,1. My teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health. A.giving up B. give up C. to give up D. given up 2. It was foolish _ you to make such a mistake. A.for B.of C.to D.at 3. The most urgent thing is _ the boy immediately. A. find B. to find C. to be found D. to finding,

13、B,B,C,4. I think it possible _ to the moon in a spaceship. A.to fly B.to flying C.flied D. flying 5. The soldier told Dr. Smith _on operation any more. A. dont go B. didnt go C. not go D. not to go,A,D,6. Its our duty _ the old . A. to take good care of B. take good care of C. taking good care of D. to taking good care of 7. The patient was warned _ oily（油 腻的） food after the operation. A. to eat not B.eating not C. not to eat D.not eating,A,C,8. The boy pretended _ when his mother entered. A.