新标准大学英语综合教程(第二版)UNIT 8 A篇练习答案+课文翻译.ppt

1、Contents,Active Reading 1,Warming Up,1. Whats the presidents suggestion for graduates who want to get a job? 2. Suppose the job market is very weak when you graduate, would you go for higher education in order to ride out this recession? (Open),Script,Watch the movie clip and discuss the following q

2、uestions:,Warming Up,1. Whats the presidents suggestion for graduates who want to get a job? having the incredible talent set that not everybody has getting real experience knowledge is power, being empowered with the information that will serve them best and education will always pay off in a long-

3、term,Warming Up,Script A: It is a tough time right now for anyone to find a job. Its particularly hard for some college grads. A lot of people are at least worried about what theyre gonna do in terms of finding a job when they graduate. So lets bring in Eric Yaverbaum, he is president of CollegeClic

4、kTV.com here, uh, with some tips for us. Thanks for being here, Eric. B: Thanks for having me. A: Talk to us about, people that are just about to graduate from college or maybe they recently graduated. They are trying to get a job. Tips for them. What do they possibly have to offer employers that ot

5、her people might not right now?,Warming Up,B: Well, you know, one, its a new world, and you got the generation born with a mouse in their hand its graduating. And a lot of people who want that generation working for them, thats an incredible talent set that not everybody has. Um, two is get real exp

6、erience, I mean if you get while you are in college, just great. If you cant get a job, get an internship. There is a big difference between those who have internships and those who have experience and those who dont. And I can tell you as an employer is that we get a stack of resumes more than ever

7、 obviously now.,Warming Up,And the ones that we pull out are the ones that have experience and those of people who did internships. A: You know there are a lot of people applying to graduate school right now for a professional degree and going for higher education, hoping to ride out this recession

8、and this extremely weak job market. Some tips for them in terms of being able to afford higher education or possibly asking teaming up with employers. Or some employers will pay for part of a degree if it ties in right with the, with what they do and if youre going to assure them that you work for t

9、hem for certain money, is that so around?,Warming Up,B: Yea, its still around, but its a lot less. Its just like universities. They have a lot less to give. Corporations have a lot less to give, so in part you are on your own. But knowledge is power. You need to be empowered with the information tha

10、t will serve you best and youve got to, that education will always pay off in a long-term. Times are tough, I know, they will not always be like this. Were the big bad United States and we will come back and your education will be a value to you.,A: We will leave it there, Eric. Thank you so much pe

11、ople can learn more on. B: CollegeClickTV.com, you can make, you can see a 360 degree perspective of any college you might wanna look at. A: Alright, there we go, thanks Eric. B: Thank you.,Warming Up,Text,Are you the right person for the job?,Are you the right person for the job? 1 In the old days

12、it was easy. They were going to be the best three years of your life, and you knew it. You spent your time chatting late into the night with new-found friends in coffee bars and pubs, playing your heart out in the squash courts and on the cricket field, or strutting across the stage as a leading lig

13、ht of the university dramatic society.,Text,Whatever your interest, university life catered for it. And, lets not forget, you would usually manage to keep up with the work too, by doing the required reading and dashing off the weeks essay at the last minute. The only thing you didnt find time for wa

14、s thinking about what came afterwards, at the end of those three exciting years. But you didnt need to, because whatever your chosen career, the companies were all lining up to offer you a job.,Text,2 That was what it was like in the old days as a student in the UK. But things have changed. A recent

15、 study of Britains major multinational companies reveals that even with a good degree graduates can no longer walk into the top jobs. Today there are twice as many universities as there were just 30 years ago, and 40 per cent of young people now go on to higher education. So with no shortage of grad

16、uates, a good degree has become vital in the search for a job. Competition is tough, and todays students are spending more time than ever preparing for those dreaded final exams, or doing low-paid part-time jobs to pay off debts.,Text,3 But thats just the problem. In the opinion of managers from mor

17、e than 200 British companies, students are spending too much time studying, or worrying about making ends meet, instead of joining clubs and acquiring basic skills such as teamwork and making presentations. The managers also said that they were prepared to leave jobs unfilled rather than appoint gra

18、duates who didnt have the necessary skills to get ahead in the global market.,Text,4 But what can be done about the problem? The solution, the managers believe, is to include social skills in degree courses; and some universities are taking the advice. At the University of Southampton, for example,

19、history students have to do a 12-week project frequently related to the local context working in teams of six. This includes making a presentation, writing a group thesis, and carrying out a public service, which might involve teaching schoolchildren or making a radio programme about the topic.,Text

20、,5 There can be no doubt that this sort of cooperative approach can help many students develop personal skills which will help improve their prospects in their search for a job. One of the most well-known personality tests used by employers when interviewing candidates, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicat

21、or (MBTI), puts the extrovert / introvert dichotomy at the top of the list of personality traits it tries to analyze. There are no “right answers” in such tests, but extroverts, it is assumed, are going to be more suited to jobs in which they have to work in teams or deal with other people.,Text,6 E

22、qually interesting in the Southampton project is the conviction that students should be aware of the wider community, and find ways to make contributions to it. In todays shrinking world, students are increasingly aware that a university is not an ivory tower of learning, cut off from the real probl

23、ems of the world, but on the contrary, can itself be an agent for change for a better world. There are numerous ways in which students can be volunteers before, during, or after their degree courses. With courses making heavy demands on students time, as we have seen, a popular option is to take a g

24、ap year before or after university.,Text,7 Typically, volunteering might mean helping the sick or elderly, entertaining underprivileged children on holiday camps, teaching in a Third World country or perhaps working on agricultural or environmental projects. 8 For students who choose to offer their

25、talents in this way, one side effect is to gain a wealth of experience to be added to the CV, which will not go unnoticed by future employers. But a word of warning is in order: You should remember what your priorities are. As Shane Irwin, who worked for two years in Papua New Guinea, puts it: “Volu

26、nteering teaches you valuable career skills, but I dont think you should be looking to bolster your CV through volunteering the main reason you should get involved is because you want to help.”,Text,Text,你适合做这个工作吗？ 1 过去，大学生活很轻松。那将是你一生中最美好的三年，你知道这一点的。你是这样消磨时光的：在咖啡馆和酒吧里与新结交的朋友聊到深夜，在壁球场和板球场上尽情地挥舞球拍，或是作

27、为大学戏剧社的大腕在舞台上昂首阔步。,Text,不管你有什么爱好，大学生活都能为你创造条件。而且，别忘了，你的学习还总能跟得上，能完成指定的阅读，并在最后一分钟匆忙写完那一周的文章。你唯一没有时间考虑的是过完这激动人心的三年后要做什么。不过这个问题并不需要考虑，因为无论选择什么职业，都有一大堆公司排着队来聘用你。,Text,2 那是过去英国大学生校园生活的情形，现在情况已经改变了。最近一项对英国各大跨国公司的研究表明，即使拥有一个不错的学位，大学毕业生也不再可能轻而易举就得到最好的工作了。今天的大学数量比30年前翻了一番，40%的年轻人接受高等教育。由于并不缺少大学毕业生，拥有一个不错的学位对

28、找工作就变得尤其重要了。竞争很激烈，结果是如今的大学生花了比任何时候都要多的时间来复习功课，为那些可怕的期末考试做准备，做报酬低的兼职以偿还债务。,Text,3 然而，这恰恰是问题之所在。英国两百多家公司的经理认为，学生花在学习或挣钱维持生计上的时间太多了。他们本应该去参加各种俱乐部，学习一些基本的技能，如团队合作和现场演示。这些经理还说，他们宁可让职位空缺，也不愿意聘请那些缺乏必要技能、无法在国际市场上占领商机的毕业生。,Text,4 该怎么做才能解决这个问题呢？经理们相信，解决的办法就是在学位课程里增加社交能力的训练。有的大学已经开始这样做了，例如南安普敦大学历史系学生必须做一个为期十二周

29、、六人一组协同工作的项目通常与当地的生活有关。项目内容包括：做一次演示、写一篇集体论文、做一项公众服务可以是给中、小学生讲课，或做一期有关中、小学教学的广播节目。,Text,5 毫无疑问，这种合作学习法能帮助许多学生培养有助于改善就业前景的个人技能。公司在面试应聘者时使用的最有名的人格测试之一是“迈尔斯布里格斯性格分类法”（简称MBTI），这种分类法把外向/内向性格两分法置于它所分析的人格特征列表之首。测试中没有“正确答案”，但是一般认为：性格外向者更适合做团队工作或与他人打交道的工作。,Text,6 南安普敦大学项目中同样有趣的一个理念是：学生应该关注比校园更广阔的社区，并设法为之做出自己的

30、贡献。在当今越来越小的世界里，学生们越来越清楚地意识到大学并不是与社会现实问题完全脱钩的学术象牙塔。正相反，大学本身可以促使世界变得更加美好。在学学位课程之前、期间、之后，学生们都可以通过多种渠道成为志愿者。正如我们所知的那样，大学课程需要学生花费大量的时间，一般人会选择腾出上大学前或大学毕业后的一年时间作为实践年。,Text,7 通常，志愿者工作指帮助病人或老年人、在假日营里招待贫困儿童、在第三世界国家教书，或者做农业或环境研究项目。 8 对那些选择在这些方面施展才能的学生而言，还有个意外的收获：可以把他们获取的丰富经验写进个人履历里，而未来的雇主是不会不注意到这些经历的。不过提醒一句：你应

31、该记住自己的首要目的是什么。曾经在巴布亚新几内亚工作了两年的谢恩欧文指出：“志愿者的工作能教给你宝贵的职业技能，但我认为你不应该只想着通过志愿者工作来给自己的履历表增添光彩你做志愿工作的主要原因是你想帮助别人。”,strut,leading light,cater,multinational,reveal,frequently,thesis,cooperative,personality,employer,conviction,community,ivory tower,numerous,option,shortage,dread,dreaded,unfilled,solution,indic

32、ator,extrovert,introvert,dichotomy,equally,typically,entertain,underprivileged,agricultural,unnoticed,Words option,Exercises,cater dread employer entertain numerous option personality shortage 3 Toby was worried and frightened about leaving home and starting university but when he got there he soon

33、made friends. dreaded 4 Companies and organizations that offer jobs to people often give candidates tests which find out about what kind of person they are. Employers; their personalities,Exercises,cater dread employer entertain numerous option personality shortage 5 Theres no lack of interesting sp

34、orting and social activities at college. shortage 6 As part of a volunteer project, we helped elderly people and performed songs and plays for children in hospital. entertained,Exercises,5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words below. community conviction cooperative extrovert rev

35、eal solution 1 Studies _ that even good students dont get the top jobs. 2 Shes outgoing, friendly, with great personal skills, and quite _ . 3 Some people have a(n) _ that work is a necessary evil and shouldnt be enjoyable.,Exercises,reveal,extrovert,conviction,community conviction cooperative extro

36、vert reveal solution 4 Some students are involved in projects which allow them to _ with the local community. 5 Its usually easier to identify a problem than to find its _ . 6 The _ which I live in is quite close, very friendly, and everyone knows each other.,Exercises,cooperate,solutions,community,

37、6 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If you play your heart out at something, do you (a) try hard, or (b) not make much effort? 2 If you strut across the stage, do you walk (a) proudly and self-confidently, or (b) shyly and nervously? 3 If you are a leading light in an organizat

38、ion, are you (a) an unimportant member, or (b) an important member? 4 If you dash off a piece of work, do you do it (a) quickly, or (b) slowly and carefully?,Exercises,6 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If you play your heart out at something, do you (a) try hard, or (b) not m

39、ake much effort? 2 If you strut across the stage, do you walk (a) proudly and self-confidently, or (b) shyly and nervously? 3 If you are a leading light in an organization, are you (a) an unimportant member, or (b) an important member? 4 If you dash off a piece of work, do you do it (a) quickly, or

40、(b) slowly and carefully?,5 lf companies are lining up to offer you a job, are they (a) not interested, or (b) all interested? 6 If you walk into a good job, do you get it (a) easily, or (b) with difficulty? 7 If you are worried about making ends meet, do you have (a) love problems, or (b) financial

41、 problems? 8 If you get ahead in your job, do you do (a) badly, or (b) successfully? 9 If you bolster your CV, do you make it (a) bigger and stronger, or (b) bigger but weaker?,Exercises,5 lf companies are lining up to offer you a job, are they (a) not interested, or (b) all interested? 6 If you wal

42、k into a good job, do you get it (a) easily, or (b) with difficulty? 7 If you are worried about making ends meet, do you have (a) love problems, or (b) financial problems? 8 If you get ahead in your job, do you do (a) badly, or (b) successfully? 9 If you bolster your CV, do you make it (a) bigger an

43、d stronger, or (b) bigger but weaker?,Reading and interpreting 7 Match the main ideas with the supporting examples. 1 The main objective of volunteering is to help other people. 2 Volunteering also has personal benefits. 3 There are different ways of organizing a period spent as a volunteer. 4 In th

44、e old days student life at university was intense and enjoyable. 5 Today student life at university is not easy. 6 In the old days students didnt have to work too hard at university. 7 The Southampton University project involves working in teams, and contributing to the life of the community.,Exerci

45、ses,(a) You spent your time.playing your heart out in the squash courts. (b) . you would usually manage to keep up with the work too, by doing the required reading . (c) . students are spending too much time . worrying about making ends meet . (d) This includes making a presentation, writing a group

46、 thesis, and carrying out a public service . (e) .a popular option is to take a gap year before or after university. (f) Typically, volunteering might mean helping the sick or elderly . (g) . one side effect is to gain a wealth of experience to be added to the CV, which will not go unnoticed by futu

47、re employers.,Exercises,4,6,5,2,3,1,7,Can you find any other examples which illustrate Ideas 1 and 4? An example for Idea 1: entertaining underprivileged children on holiday camps, teaching in a developing country or perhaps working on agricultural or environmental projects. An example for Idea 4: W

48、hatever your interest, university life catered for it.,Exercises,Developing critical thinking 8 Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 1 What do you think you need to improve to suit the job market, and why? 2 Do you think a period as a volunteer should be compulsory for all students? 3 The writer

49、 of the article says “there are no right answers” in personality tests. Do you agree?,Exercises,1 What do you think you need to improve to suit the job market, and why? I need to improve my communication skills. I say this because my ideal job is to be a salesperson, so communicating with people is

50、important. Though I am an extrovert, this alone does not ensure a successful sales career. The things I need to improve are my personal presentation and developing good business relationships.,Exercises,2 Do you think a period as a volunteer should be compulsory for all students? 3 The writer of the

51、 article says “there are no right answers” in personality tests. Do you agree?,Exercises,Students at university are perhaps old enough to take their own decisions, but it could be seen as part of the qualification they are seeking to obtain.,Yes, I agree. The point is to find out what sort of person

52、ality you have, not to say one is better than another. Of course, the tests may be misused, and if employers prefer one type of person to another, there might be “right” answers.,Job interview Here are some classic questions Google Inc would ask you during a job interview. Many are open ended with s

53、everal right answers. Discuss with your classmates and see if you can answer them.,Extension Activities,1. How many golf balls can fit in a school bus? 2. How much should you charge to wash all the windows in Seattle? 3. How many piano tuners are there in the entire world? 4. Why are manhole covers

54、round? 5. How many times a day does a clocks hands overlap? 6. You need to check that your friend, Bob, has your correct phone number 7. Youre the captain of a pirate ship 8. You have eight balls all of the same size 9. Explain a database in three sentences to your eight-year-old nephew.,Extension A

55、ctivities,Answers To Google Interview Questions That Will Make You Feel Stupid 1. How many golf balls can fit in a school bus? Someones answer: I figure a standard school bus is about 8ft wide by 6ft high by 20 feet long - this is just a guess based on the thousands of hours I have been trapped behi

56、nd school buses while traffic in all directions is stopped. That means 960 cubic feet and since there are 1728 cubic inches in a cubit foot, that means about 1.6 million cubic inches.,Extension Activities,2. How much should you charge to wash all the windows in Seattle? Someones answer: This is one

57、of those questions where the trick is to come up with an easier answer than the one thats seemingly being called for. Wed say. “$10 per window.”,Extension Activities,3. How many piano tuners are there in the entire world? Someones answer: Wed answer “However many the market dictates. If pianos need

58、tuning once a week, and it takes an hour to tune a piano and a piano tuner works 8 hours a day for 5 days a week 40 pianos need tuning each week. Wed answer one for every 40 pianos.”,Extension Activities,4. Why are manhole covers round? Someones answer: Answer: So it doesnt fall through the manhole

59、(when the plane ordinarily flush with the plane of the street goes perpendicular to the street.),Extension Activities,5. How many times a day does a clocks hands overlap? Answer: 22 times. From WikiAnswers: AM: 12:00 1:05 2:11 3:16 4:22 5:27 6:33 7:38 8:44 9:49 10:55 PM 12:00 1:05 2:11 3:16 4:22 5:27 6:33 7:38 8:44 9:49 10:55,Extension Activities,6. You