冠词用法(1).ppt

1、冠词的用法,一.冠词的种类: 1. 定冠词: the 2. 不定冠词: a / an a + 辅音 a wallet, a European country w- j- an + 元音 an hour, an 8-year-old boy au- ei- 二.冠词的位置 一般说来,冠词应放在名词或名词词组的最前面. a matter, an easy problem, a necessary action, the world, the old stone bridge,注意:名词前只能用以下六种修饰语中的一种 冠词 a/an, the 指示代词(如:this, that, these, th

2、ose)、 形容词性物主代词(如:my, your, his, her等)、 名词所有格(如:Toms, the Smiths)、 不定代词(如:every, each, any) 疑问代词(如:which, what). 我的一位朋友 my a friend a friend of mine 或 one of my friends 你的这两位老师 your the two teachers the two teachers of yours 哪一把伞是你的? Which an umbrella is yours? Which umbrella is yours?,一辆这种自行车 a this

3、 kind of bike a bike of this kind 每隔几天一次 once every a few days once every few days 三.冠词的用法 1. a / an 表示数量 “一”,但不强调数量 “一”. I have a brother. I have only one brother. 2.表示类别 A horse runs faster than an elephant. The horse runs faster than the elephant. 但是: Horses run faster than elephants. One can not

4、 live without air or water.,3. 名词第一次提到时, 说话者特指但听话者还不知,前面经常加a / an;再次提到才加the At a science museum in Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. Last year I was lucky enough to have a chance to visit the museum. 4.在形容词、现在分词或过去分词前加the可以表示一类人或物,且表示复数. th

5、e poor, the sick, the following, the wounded, the English, the French,5. She sings (the) most beautifully in our school. Xiamen is the most beautiful city in Fujian Province. Xiamen is a most(=very) beautiful city. 6. This is the second time that I have seen the film. Ive had two cakes, but Id like

6、a third (=another) one.,7.提到了“演奏”的乐器前和提到了“发明”的物名前要加 the. She often practises playing the piano after supper. 但是: There is a piano near the window of the living room. -What do you think was the most useful invention in the 20th century ? -The cell phone, I think. Who invented the cell phone? 但是: Do y

7、ou own a telephone?,8.在世界上独一无二的名词和含有普通名词的专有名词前要加the. the world, the moon, the sun 但是: a familiar world , a golden sun the United States of America, the Great Wall, the Peoples Republic of China 但是: America, China, New York 9.在和介词by连用, 表示“按计算”, 加the .但weight 、length前不加the . by the month, by the yard,

8、 by the dozen, by the gallon,但是: These cigarettes are sold by weight. Cloth is often sold by length. 10. the Whites, the Smiths, the Wangs 11.在比较级形容词前加the的两种情形: the taller of the two boys the more expensive of the coats The farther away from the earth we are, the thinner the air becomes.,12.在表示江河、湖泊

9、、山脉、海洋、群岛、海峡、沙漠等地理名词前加the. the River Nile, the West Lake, the Ural Mountains (the Urals), the Pacific Ocean, the English Channel 13.在一些固定词组中要用the. in the morning, in the hope of, with the help of, out of the question (不可能) 14.在一些固定词组中要用a / an. have a break, take a walk, in a moment, once upon a time

10、, four times an hour,四.不用冠词的几种情况. 1. He seldom plays football on Sunday morning. They came to Shanghai by ship (plane, air, train). We informed him by telegram that we would arrive early in the morning. 但是: He picked up the ball and passed it to me. We can go there on bikes. Instead of writing to he

11、r mother, she likes talking to her on the telephone. This is the bus in which we came here.,2. hurry to school / in school go to hospital / in hospital come to class / in class go to bed / in bed 但是: Im going to the hospital to tell Dr. Li something important. -Where is your father? -He is in the sc

12、hool. 3. Sometimes, she has lunch at school. When autumn comes, leaves turn yellow.,但是: In the autumn of 1949, our hometown was liberated. In a cold winter, he left his hometown for Shanghai. We had a good supper at her home. 4. They elected Bush President of the USA.(宾语补足语) Bush was elected Preside

13、nt of the USA. (主语补足语) Jack, head of our workshop, didnt agree with us. (同位语),5.地名、人名、抽象名词和物质名词;以及在称呼前: London, Shakespeare, importance, sand Hi, little friend! 但以下情况要加冠词. Its a pleasure to help you. (指一件令人快乐的事情) The water in this well is very dirty. (特指) Our journey by camel was quite an experience. (转义),6.在节假日前 Christmas Day, Womens Day 注意:在 “春节”和 “中秋节”之前要加the. 例如: the Spring Festival, the Mid-autumn Day 7.在一些固定词组或固定句型中 out of question (不成问题) in time (按时),in turn (轮流) at midnight / at daybreak /at dawn / at sunrise Chi