简单句和并列句

1、简单句和并列句专题复习,简单句是什么样的句子?,英语句子都可以由简单句合并或扩展而来，因此掌握简单句的六个基础句型是写好英语句子的第一步。,主语 + 谓语,主语 and 主语+ 谓语,主语 +谓语 and 谓语,注意：各个成分都只是单词和短语,结构1：,结构2：,结构3：,判断下列哪些句子属于简单句 1. Not only Tom but also his two sisters take great interest in piano. ( ) 2. The man got up, put on his coat, hurried downstairs and run out into th

2、e street. ( ) 3. The leaders of our school and some guests walked in and sat in the first row. ( ) 4. Hearing the good news, he jumped up happily. ( ) 5. What impressed him most is the days they spent together. ( ),句子最重要的部分是主语和谓语。除祈使句外一般句子都应有主语和谓语。主谓结构是简单句的骨架，共有五种句型，这五种句型是写作学习的核心内容，因为所谓的复杂的句子（并列句、主从

3、复合句）全部是简单句组合或相套而来。,简单句五种句型,一、主谓结构 本结构是 _+ _ 如：The sun rises. 主语可有修饰语- ：The red sun rises. 谓语可有修饰语- ：The red sun rises in the east. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,主语,不及物动词,定语,状语,主谓,请翻译下列句子。 1. 我头痛。 (ache) My head aches. 2. 我的计划已经改变了。 (change) My plan has changed. 3. 这

4、趟班机晚上九点半起飞。(take off) The plan takes off at 9:30 p.m.,翻译句子,4.我来自一个受过良好教育的家庭。(come, well-educated) I come from a well-educated family. 5. 我2016年2月8日上午抵达上海。(get to) I got to Shanghai on the morning of February 8, 2016.,本结构是 + + ，此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词

5、叫做连系动词。,主语,系动词,表语,二、主系表结构,系动词分为三类： （1）二“似乎”， 三 “保持” （2）五“是”, 五“看起来” （3）八“变得”,seem, appear,remain, stay, keep,become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow,be (am, is, are, was, were),look, sound, smell, taste, feel,主系表,请翻译下列句子。 1. 我是一名高三学生。(be) I am a senior 3 student. 2. 没有什么不可能！ (be) Nothing is imp

6、ossible! 3. 我越来越担心即将到来的高考。(become, increasingly, 用现在进行时 ) I am becoming increasingly anxious about the coming college entrance examination.,翻译句子,4.我的担心被证明是完全错误的。( fear, completely，用过去进行时 ) My fear was proving completely wrong. 5. 我的脸在炎热的太阳下变得通红。( go red，用过去完成时 ) My face had gone red in the hot sun.,

7、6. 前途看起来不错。( look good, 用现在进行时) The future is looking good. 7. 我所有的愿望会成真。（come true） All my wishes will come true.,此结构是由 + + 。 其中的谓语动词是 ，宾语须是 。,主语,谓语动词,宾语,及物动词或动词短语,名词或相当于名词类的东西,三、主谓宾结构,主谓宾,请翻译下列句子。 1. 遗憾的是，我没能看到那景象。（miss ） Unfortunately, I missed seeing the sight. 2. 我希望在一周内返回广州。(expect ) I expect

8、to return to Guangzhou within a week. 3. 我总算按时完成了作业。( manage) I managed to finish my homework on time.,翻译句子,4. 我不能忍受失去一个亲密的朋友。（cant stand） I cant stand losing a close friend. 5. 我正计划下个月去欧洲旅行。 ( plan, go on a trip ) We are planning to go on a trip to Europe next month.,6. 我一见到我以前的数学老师就不禁想到了过去。（cant h

9、elp，at the sight of ） I couldnt help thinking about the past at the sight of my former maths teacher. 7. 为了省钱，我建议步行去那里。（suggest） To save money I suggested going there on foot. 8. 我想听听其他人的看法。( would like ) I would like to hear others views.,9. 我不想冒上学迟到的风险。（want, risk, be late） I didnt want to risk be

10、ing late for school. 10. 我不能再推迟去看牙医了。 (put off, notany longer) I cant put off going to the dentist any longer.,此结构由_ + _ + _ + _ 组成。 He brings me cookies every day. She made me a beautiful dress. 但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词_或 _。 He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for

11、me.,主语,谓语,直接宾语,间接宾语,to,for,四、双宾语结构,用to侧重指动作的方向，表示 “朝着，向着，对着”。用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示 “为了某人，替某人”。常跟双宾语的动词有： （需借助to的） （需借助for的）,bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise,return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask, sell, leave, refuse,buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order,sing, save

12、, spare, do, paint,主谓间宾直宾,请翻译下列句子。 1. 我的英语老师给了我几本英文小说。(give) My English teacher gave me several English novels. 2. 我姑妈在我生日那天给我买了一个MP3播放器。(buy) My aunt bought me an MP3 player on my birthday. 3. 我昨天晚上给李明发送了一封电子邮件。(send) I sent Li Ming an e-mail last night.,翻译句子,4. 我给我的父母写了一封长信。(write) I wrote my pare

13、nts a long letter. 5. 我前天将新英汉字典借给了我表弟。(lend) I lent my cousin the new English-Chinese dictionary the day before yesterday.,主谓宾宾补,请翻译下列句子。 1. 我外祖父给我取了个英文名字叫萨拉。 ( name，Sarah ) My grandfather named me an English name Sarah. 2. 我发现这本体育杂志非常有趣。(find，interesting) I found the sports magazine very interestin

14、g.,翻译句子,3. 爷爷奶奶鼓励我好好学习。(encourage，in ones studies) My grandparents encouraged me in my studies. 4. 我建议外祖母卧床休息。 (advise, stay) I advised my grandmother to stay in bed and rest. 5. 我能感觉到自己的心脏在快速跳动。( beat ) I could feel my heart beating fast,6. 我从未听人唱过这首歌。(hear, sung) Ive never heard the song sung 7. 我

15、父亲希望我做到最好。 (do ones best) My father expects me to do my best. 8. 我的表亲邀请我与他们共度周末。 (cousin) My cousins have invited me to spend the weekend with them.,简单句综合练习,一、先划分句子成份，再按要求分类。 The new term begins in September. We saw you just now. She always looks happy. My mother bought a pen for me. We found it ver

16、y useful. Such things often happen. I missed the train. The weather is cold here. Will you lend me your bike? They saw the car parking outside. 句型1：主语谓语： _ 句型2：主语系动词表语：_ 句型3：主语谓语宾语：_ 句型4：主语谓语双宾语：_ 句型5：主语谓语宾语宾补：_,二、先判断简单句的句型再翻译 1. 在公共汽车上, 他经常把座位让给老人。 2. 这个男孩在地板上找到了他的钢笔。 3. 新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。 4. 他们设法扑灭了那

17、场大火。,On the bus, he often gives his seat to an old person.,The boy found his pen on the floor.,The new machine will save you a lot of labor.,They managed to put out the big fire.,5. 十岁以上的小孩需要买票。 6. 他的勤奋(diligence)弥补了他的经验不足。 7. 解放以来，中国发生了许多巨大的变化。,The children over 10 years old need to buy tickets.,Hi

18、s diligence made up for his lack of experience.,Many great changes have taken place in China since liberation.,8. 外面有一辆小汽车等着。 9. 不久，杰克就成为了一名熟练的出租车司机。 10. 我认为花更多的时间练习口语是必要的。,There is a car waiting outside.,Jack became a skilled taxi-driver soon.,I consider it necessary to spend more time practicing s

19、poken English.,There be 句型难点解析,there be 句型又称为存在句型，表示“有，存在”的意思。其中there起引导作用没有实际意思，there be 后面的名词是主语。注意there be 的变化形式： there have been, there happened to be there is likely to be there must be,一、there be 两大句型结构 There is a big tree in our school. (there be 主语状语) There is a truck collecting rubbish out

20、side. (there be 主语定语),请翻译下列句子。 1. 主教学楼后面有一座实验楼。(classroom building) There is a lab building behind the main classroom building. 2. 我们班有22个男生和23个女生。( class ) There are 22 boys and 23 girls in our class.,翻译句子,3. 明天下午，会议室里将会有一个讲座。(meeting room) 3. There will be a lecture in the meeting room tomorrow af

21、ternoon. 4. 花园里曾经有过一口水井。(used to) 4. There used to be a well in the garden. 5. 这房间里有一张床,一张桌子和两张椅子。 (there be ) 5. Theres a bed, a table, and two chairs in this room.,二、there be 与have 的区别 There be 表示“某处存在某物或某人”，不强调此物归谁所有。 have 表示“某人拥有某物”。在表示“装备有、包括、存在”时可与there be 互换。 花园里有一辆小车。 There is a car in the g

22、arden. () The garden has a car. () 我们的村庄只有一条街。 There is only one street in our village. () Our village has only one street. (),翻译： 1. 小猫有一身干净而洁白的毛。 2. 冰箱有很多水果。 3. 这个国家有丰富的资源。,The cat has clean and white hair.,There are many fruits in the fridge.,This country has rich resources. = There are rich reso

23、urces in this country.,三、There be 句型有时态变化 1. There is someone at the door to see you. 门口有人找你。 2. There_ a meeting tonight. 今晚有个会议。 3. There _many such accidents before you came. 你来之前就有过很多起这样的事故。 4. There _a knock at the door just now. 刚才有人敲门。 5. There _rain soon. 不久天就要下雨了。,is going to be,had been,wa

24、s,will be,四、there be与情态动词连用 there must be一定有 There might be可能有 there cant be 不可能有 there ought to be应该有 1. There ought not to be so many people. 不应该有这么多的人。 2. There _something wrong here 这儿肯定有问题。 3. There _snow at night. 晚上可能有雪。 4. There _anything in the fridge. 冰箱里不可能有东西。,must be,might be,cant be,五、

25、There be 句型中be 前面可用一些半助动词，如： there is certain / bound to be (一定会有) there happen to be (碰巧有) there is likely to be (可能有) there used to be (过去一直有，曾经有) there appear/seem to be (似乎有),1. There are bound to be obstacles for us to get over一定会有障碍需要我们去克服。 2. There _a grocery store on the corner. 以前在这个街口有家杂货店

26、。 3. There _an old friend of mine in the club在那个俱乐部碰巧有我的一个老朋友。 4. There _several reasons for changing our plans看来改变我们的计划有几个理由。,used to be,happened to be,appear to be,六、There be 句型的就近原则： There is a pen and two books on the desk. There are two books and a pen on the desk. There stands a dog and two wo

27、lves. There stand two wolves and a dog.,用be的适当形式填空 1. There _only a table, four chairs and a small bed in the room. 2. There _ some water in the bottle. 3. There _some students and a teacher in the classroom. 4. There _a teacher and some students in the classroom.,is,is,are,is,七、由there be构成的固定句型 1.

28、There is no sense/use/good doing 做某事没有意义 / 没有用 There is no sense in waiting here. 在这里等候下去毫无意义。 2. There is no need to do 没有必要做某事 There is no need to worry. 没有必要担心。 3. There is no doing 不可能做, 无法做 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事情开不得玩笑。,综合练习,1. 改错：There are 48% of the boys choose sports star

29、s.,改法1：把 choose 改为choosing或who choose,改法2：删除There are,There are 48% of the boys choosing / who choose sports stars.,48% of the boys choose sports stars.,2. 填空： - What a rainy summer weve had! -Yes, there_ (be) only 3 sunny weekends the whole summer. There is no use_ (talk) a lot without doing anythi

30、ng. There are a lot of people _ (wait) for the bus to come. The little girl is afraid to enter the house, because there_ (lie) a big dog at the gate. What a pity, my new computer doesnt work. _ must be something wrong with it.,have been,taking,waiting,lies,there,3. 翻译： 有一半的女生选择把电影明星作为偶像。 这条河过去有很多水。

31、只剩一个月的时间就要期中考试了。,Half of the girls choose film stars as idols.,There used to be plenty of water in this river.,There are half of the girls choosing film stars as idols.,There are only one month left before the mid-term examination., 毫无疑问，他已经意识到自己的错误了。 有两个原因可以解释(account for)这种现象。 没有必要为自己所做的事情找借口。,The

32、re is no need to make excuses for what you have done.,There is no doubt that he is aware of his mistakes.,There are two reasons that account for the phenomenon.,并列句,基本句型：简单句 + 连词 + 简单句,I tried to speak loudly but nobody heard me.,一、把下列句子改写成并列句 1. English is widely used in the world. Most business le

33、tters are written in English. 2. The sport first appeared in 1896. It was suspended during the 1904 and 1928 Games.,English is widely used in the world and most business letters are written in English.,The sport first appeared in 1896, but It was suspended during the 1904 and 1928 Games.,3. Id like

34、to study law at university. My cousin prefers geography. 4. Would you like a cup of coffee? Shall we get down to business? 5. John got the first place, which made his parents very happy.,Id like to study law at university while my cousin prefers geography.,Would you like a cup of coffee or shall we

35、get down to business?,John got the first place and it made his parents very happy.,二、翻译 1. 我没出去，呆在家里看书。 2. 中国是发展中国家，而美国是发达国家。 3. 孩子们非常高兴，或者至少看起来很高兴。,I didnt go out, instead, I stayed at home and read.,China is a developing country, while the United States is a developed one.,The children are very ha

36、ppy or at least they look happy.,4. 30%的学生陪父母走亲访友；45%的学生在家做功课。,30% of them spent most of their time with their parents visiting relatives and friends while 40% of them stayed at home to do homework.,四、语法填空 A Last week I went to the theatre 1 I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting 2 I

37、did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me 3 they were talking loudly. I got very angry, 4 I could not hear the actors, 5 I turned round and looked at the man and the woman angrily, 6 they did not pay attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned around again. “I c

38、ant hear a word.” I said angrily. “Its none of your business,” the young man said rudely. “This is a private conversation!”,and,but,and,for,so,but,B Many people keeps small fish 1 pet. They keep them in a tank 2 a lot of water and small plants in it. The tank is made of glass so that people can see

39、inside the tank and watch the fish. The fish need room. They mustnt be crowded. They need oxygen to breathe. 3 must be enough water for all fish, 4 the size of the tank is very important. In the tank people put small plants 5 are good for fish. They give oxygen to the water. Plants help the fish in other ways, too. They can hide among the plants, sleep 6 lay eggs there.,as,with,There,so,that/which,and,The fish 7 be kept in wa