The Famous Battles of World War Two二战中的重要战役.ppt

1、The Famous Battles of the World War ,By Zi Mu,1939.09.01 The Invasion of Poland(波兰闪击战) 1940.05.19 The Battle of Dunkirk（敦克尔克大撤退） 1940.07.10 Battle of Britain（不列颠之战） 1941.10.02 Battle of Moscow（莫斯科保卫战） 1941.12.07 Attack on Pearl Harbor （偷袭珍珠港） 1942.06.04 Battle of Midway（中途岛海战） 1942.08.07 Naval Battl

2、e of Guadalcanal（瓜岛争夺战） 1944.06.06 Normandy landings（诺曼底登陆） 1945.04.16 Battle of Berlin（柏林战役） 1945.04.01 Battle of Okinawa（冲绳岛战役）,Contents,The Invasion of Poland,Date: 1 September 1939 6 October 1939 (1 monthand5 days) Location: Poland Result: Decisive German and Soviet victory. Beginning of World W

3、ar II Territorial changes: Polish territory divided between Germany, the Soviet Union, Lithuania and Slovakia,Belligerents: Germany, Slovakia, Soviet Union (After 17 September) Poland Main commanders and leaders: Adolf Hitler (阿道夫希特勒德国), Edward Rydz-migy (爱德华雷兹-希米格维波兰) Strength: Germany, Slovakia, S

4、oviet Union (2,000,000+ ) Poland (950,000 ) Casualties and losses: Germany, Slovakia, Soviet Union (59,000 ) Poland (904,000 ),The map shows the beginning of World War II in September 1939 in a wider European context.,Planned and actual divisions of Poland, according to the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact,

5、with later adjustments,Polish Infantry,Polish7TPlight tank,Polish destroyers evacuate the Baltic Sea on route to the United Kingdom,The Battle of Dunkirk,Date: 19 May 1940 4 June 1940 Location: Dunkirk, France Result: The coalition forces successfully retreated to the United Kingdom,Belligerents: Br

6、itain, France, Belgium Germany Strength: Coalition (400,000) Germans (800,000) Main commanders and leaders: Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt (卡尔鲁道夫格德冯伦德施泰特德); Rod Scott (罗德高特英); Wei Gang (魏刚法),The battle in withdrawal,Vessels used in withdraw,The beaches they left,Battle of Britain,Date: 10 July 31 Oc

7、tober 1940 (3 monthsand3 weeks) Location: United Kingdom airspace Result: Decisive British victory Belligerents: United Kingdom; Canada Germany; Italy,Main commanders and leaders: Winston Churchill (温斯顿丘吉尔英); Hugh Dowding (休丁); Adolf Hitler(阿道夫希特勒德); Hermann Goering (赫尔曼戈林德) Strength: 1,963 servicea

8、ble aircraft 2,550 serviceable aircraft Casualties and losses: United Kingdom and Canada (544 aircrew killed; 422 aircrew wounded; 1,547 aircraft destroyed) Germany and Italy (2,698 aircrew killed; 967 captured; 638 missing bodies; 1,887 aircraft destroyed ),AnObserver Corpsspotter scans the skies o

9、f London.,German Heinkel He 111 bombers over the English Channel 1940,Calais, September 1940. Gring giving a speech to pilots about the change in tactics: to bomb the towns instead of the airfields.,Bombing of London.,Date: 2 October 1941 7 January 1942 Location: Moscow region ,Russian SFSR ,Soviet

10、Union Result: Decisive Soviet victory Strategic Soviet success German operational and tactical failure Setback ofOperation Barbarossa Belligerents: Germany Soviet Union,Battle of Moscow,Main commanders and leaders: Adolf Hitler ;Fedor von Bock (费多尔冯博克德);Heinz Guderian (海因茨威廉古德里安德); Albert Kesselring

11、 (凯塞林德); Georgy Zhukov (格奥尔吉朱可夫苏联 ); Aleksandr Vasilevsky (亚历山大华西列夫斯基苏联),Strength: Germany (1,929,406 men; 1,700 tanks; 14,000 guns; Initial aircraft: 549) Soviet Union (1,250,000 men; 3,232 tanks; 7,600 guns; Initial aircraft: 936) Casualties and losses: Germany (280,000750,000; 1,2009,000 vehicles

12、 crippled) Soviet Union (500,0001,280,000),December 1941. Soviet troops in winter gear, supported by tanks, counter-attack German forces.,A 7 November 1941 parade by the Soviet troops on theRed Square depicted on this 1949 painting by Konstantin Yuonvividly demonstrates the symbolic significance of

13、the event.,The eastern front at the time of the Battle of Moscow: Initial Wehrmacht advance to 9 July 1941 Subsequent advances to 1 September 1941 Encirclement and battle of Kiev to 9 September 1941 Final Wehrmacht advance to 5 December 194,Attack on Pearl Harbor,Date: December 7, 1941 Location: Pri

14、marilyPearl Harbor,Hawaii Territory, United States Result: Japanese major tactical victory United States declaration of war on the Empire of Japan Germany and Italy declare war on the United States,Belligerents: United States Empire of Japan Main commanders and leaders: Husband Kimmel (哈斯柏登金梅尔美 ); W

15、alter Short (沃尔特肖特美 ); Chuichi Nagumo (南云忠一日 ); Isoraku Yamamoto (山本五十六日),Strength: American (8 battleships; 8 cruisers; 30 destroyers; 4 submarines; 1USCGCutter; 49 other ships; 390 aircraft) Japan (6 aircraft carriers; 2 battleships; 2 heavy cruisers; 1 light cruiser; 9 destroyers; 8 tankers ; 23

16、fleet submarines; 5 midget submarines; 414 aircraft) Importance: The outbreak of the Pacific War 二战实录：偷袭珍珠港（彩色影像）.flv,Battle of Midway,Date: 47 June 1942 Location: Midway Atoll (2812N;17721W) Result: Decisive American victory Belligerents: United States Empire of Japan,Main commanders and leaders: C

17、hester W. Nimitz (切斯特威廉尼米兹美); Frank Jack Fletcher (法兰克杰克弗莱彻美); Raymond A. Spruance (雷蒙德阿姆斯斯普鲁恩斯美 ); Chuichi Nagumo (南云忠一日 ); Isoraku Yamamoto (山本五十六日); Yamaguchi Tamon (山口多闻日),Strength :American (3 carriers; 25 support ships; 233 carrier-based aircraft; 127 land-based aircraft; Total: 28 ships ) Jap

18、an (4 carriers; 2 battleships; 15 support ships; 248 carrier-based aircraft; 16 floatplanes; Total: 185 ship),Casualties and losses: American (1 carrier sunk; 1 destroyer sunk; 150 aircraft destroyed; 307 killed ) Japan (4 carriers sunk; 1 cruiser sunk; 248 carrier aircraft destroyed; 3,057 killed)

19、Importance: The turning point of the war in the Pacific,U.S.DouglasSBD-3 Dauntlessdive bombersfrom the USSHornetabout to attack the burning Japanese cruiserMikumafor the third time on 6 June 1942,USSYorktownatPearl Harbordays before the battle.,Eastern Island under attack,Devastators of VT-6 aboard

20、USSEnterprisebeing prepared for take off during the battle.,Naval Battle of Guadalcanal,Date: 1215 November 1942 Location: Guadalcanal,Solomon Islands Result: United States strategic victory Belligerents: United States Empire of Japan,Main commanders and leaders: William Halsey,Jr (小威廉海尔赛美); Alexand

21、er Archer Vandegrift (亚历山大阿切尔范德格里夫特美); Willis A. Lee (威利斯李美); Isoroku Yamamoto (山本五十六日) Strength: American(60,000 ground forces); Japan(36,200 ground forces ),Casualties and losses: American (7100 people were killed; Four were captured; Loss of 29 warships and 615 Aircraft ); Japan (31,000 people we

22、re killed; 1000 captured; Loss of 38 warships and 683-880 Aircraft),Smoke rises from two Japanese aircraft shot down off Guadalcanal on 12 November 1942. Photographed fromUSSPresident Adams; ship atrightis USSBetelgeuse.,Approximate routes of Japanese force under Abe (red line) and U.S. force under

23、Callaghan (black line) as they head towards each other early on 13 November inIronbottom Soundbetween Savo Island, Cape Esperance, andLunga Pointon Guadalcanal. The green area near Lunga Point on Guadalcanal marks the location of Henderson Field.,U.S. aircraft attacked Japanese,U.S. Navy patrol to c

24、rossing the river,The killed Japanese soldiers,U.S. aircraft carrier was burned,Normandy landings,Date: 6 June 1944 Location: Normandy, France Result: Decisive Allied victory Territorial: Five Allied beachhead established Changes: in Normandy,Belligerents: United Kingdom; United States; Canada; Pola

25、nd; Norway; Australia; New Zealand; Netherlands; Belgium Germany Main commanders and leaders: Dwight David Eisenhower (德怀特大卫艾森豪威尔美); Arthur Tedder（亚瑟泰德英); Gerd von Rundstedt (格特冯伦德施泰特德),Strength: Allied (156,000); Germany (10,000) Casualties and losses: Allied (At least 12,000 overall casualties); G

26、ermany (Estimated between 4,000 and 9,000 casualties),U.S. Army troops wade ashore onOmaha Beachon the morning of 6 June 1944, (planned for the morning of 5 June, but delayed one day due to bad weather).,D-day assault routes into Normandy,Large landing craftconvoy crosses theEnglish Channelon 6 June

27、 1944,Personnel of Royal Canadian Navy Beach Commando W landing on Mike Beach,Juno sectorof the Normandy beachhead. 6 June 1944,Survivors of a sunken troop transport are assisted ashore on Omaha Beach,Landing craft approach the beach as smoke on the shore emanates from German positions,Battle of Ber

28、lin,Date: 16 April 2 May 1945 Location: Berlin, Germany Result: Decisive Soviet victory (Suicide of Hitler and other high-ranking Nazi officials; Unconditional surrender of the city Berlin garrison on 2 May. German forces still fighting the battle outside Berlin capitulated on 8/9 May (following the

29、 unconditional surrender of all German forces),Belligerents: Soviet Union; Poland Germany Main commanders and leaders: Zhukov (朱可夫苏联); Chuikov (崔可夫苏联); Wilhelm Keitel (凯特尔德国); Helmuth Otto Ludwig Weidling (黑尔姆特奥托路德维希魏德林德国 ) Strength: Soviet Union (2.5 million) Germany(1.0 million) Casualties and los

30、ses: Soviet Union (330,000) Germany (480,000),After the battle, Soviet soldiers hoist the Soviet flag on the balcony of theHotel Adlonin Berlin,Soviet artillery bombarding German positions during the battle for Seelow Heights,SovietKatyushamultiple rocket launchers fire in Berlin, April 1945. This example is a BM-13N, 1