直接引语和间接引语复习课课件.ppt

1、直接引语与间接引语,Direct Speech and Indirect Speech,直接引语： 直接引述别人的原话.直接引语的前后必须加引号。,间接引语： 转述别人的话。间接引语前后不加引号。,间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句,He says,“I leave my book in your room” He said that he left his book in your room.,一、直接引语变间接引语的人称变化规则,接引语变间接引语若干要点,二、间接引语中的时态变化规则,三、直接引语中某些时态在间接引语中不变的情况：,四、直接引语与间接引语的句型转换规则,五、直接引语变间接引语

2、的其他变化,六、练习和强化训练,直,）人称的变化,一 随 主,二随宾,第三 人称 不更 新,引号内的第一人 称变间引后与主 句主语的人称保 持一致,引号内的第二人 称变间引后与主 句宾语的人称保 持一致,引号内的第三人 称在变间引后去人 称不变,She said,“ I like Tennis.”,She said that she liked tennis,He said to Lily, “ you must get up early”,He told Lily that she must get up early,She said to me , “ They want to help

3、him”,She told me that That they wanted help him,一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新,1,Practice: 1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.” He said _brother had failed in the exam. 2) He said to Mary,“ How is your mother now?” he asked Mary how _mother was then. 3)My teacher said, she is a good student. My teacher sai

4、d _was a good student 4) He said to me,“ Ive left her book in your room” He told me that _had left _ book in _ room.,his,her,she,he,her,my,1,1. We want you to take a message for her. said the Greens.,The Greens told me that wanted to take a message for .,2.Are you willing to lend us a hand? she said

5、 to him.,She asked him whether was willing to lend a hand.,1,2,2) 时态的变化,He says, I will do it tomorrow” He says that he will do it tomorrow.,如果主句的谓语动词是现在时， 直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态无需变化,如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时， 直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态要做出相应的改变,2,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般过去时,过去完成时,过去完成时,不变,一般将来时,过去将来时,2,1.“ I

6、am ill today.” said my mother.,My mother said that she ill that day.,2.“We work hard at English.” he said.,was,He said that they hard at English.,worked,2,1.They said to me, “We are working hard at a company.”,They told me that they at a company.,were working,2.“I am writing a letter now.”she said.,

7、She said that she a letter then.,was writing,2,Practice : . John said, “I like reading adventure stories. ” John said that he _ reading adventure stories. . She said to me, “I broke your CD player. ” She told me that she _ my CD player. . He said, “Ill come here this morning.” He said he_ go there t

8、hat morning . He says, “I have finished my homework.” He says that he _ his homework. . He said, “they are playing games over there?” He said that they_ playing games over there.,liked,had broken,would,had finished,were,2,接引语时， 句中的情态动词也应做相应的改变,could,might,should/would,didnt have to,must,ought to,2,直

9、接引语变间,直接引语转为间接引语时，下列情况下时态不变,注意：,.直接引语若表示的是客观事实或真理时， 变间接引语时时态不变 .当引语中的时间状语表示过去某一具体时间时， 变为间谓语动词时态不需改变 如果直接引语要接引语，转述是发生在 当天当地，那么直接引语中的 come、here、 tomorrow、this morning、today、yesterday等 不必改变,3,1.Our teacher said, “ Light travels much faster than sound.”,Our teacher said that light_ much faster than soun

10、d.,travels,2.“I graduated in 1966.”My brother said.,My brother said that he _ in 1966.,graduated,3,1.The teacher said to the students, “The earth is round.” 2. My father said to me, “I was born in 1961.” 3. He said,” I will come here this evening.” 4. This morning he said,” Im leaving for Beijing to

11、morrow.”,The teacher told the students that the earth is round.,My father told me that he was born in 1961.,He said he would come here this evening.,This morning he said that he was leaving for Beijing tomorrow.,3,直接引语和间接引语可分为三大类：,1）陈述句,2）祈使句,3） 疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）,4,1.陈述句 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时， 用连词that引导

12、，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that,4,解题步骤:,1.陈述句:,“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.,Sarah said to her friends,that,said,didnt,she,Sarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.,Sarah,4,4,2.祈使句 直接引语是祈使句，在直接引语前加上 “to”改

13、为动词不定式，引述动词为tell，order，ask等。其他变化同上。,4,He said, “Please come here tomorrow.” The teacher The teacher told us not to talk said, “Dont talk any more.”,He asked me to go there the next day.,The teacher told us not to talk any more.,4,4,一般疑问句,He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He a

14、sked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked whether I was interested in English.,间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序,4,2.一般疑问句: Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil? ( They asked

15、him ),They asked him,if,It is easy to improve the condition of the soil.,it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.,asked,is,was,They asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.,4,特殊疑问句,He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car

16、 factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序,4,3.特殊疑问句： When do you harvest the wheat ? ( They asked him ),They asked him,When,you harvest the wheat,you harvest the wheat.,he,harvested,Th

17、ey asked him when he harvested the wheat.,4,选择疑问句,He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?” I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.,用whetheror表达，而不用ifor,4,1、直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：,2、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：,3、直

18、接引语中动词come在间接引语中用go:,4、直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there：,5,5,时间状语:,5,5,1. “What does this word mean?” she asked me.,She asked me what word meant.,that,2. “Can you see that map on the wall?” he asked me.,He asked me if I could see map on the wall.,that,3. “Do you like these toys?” Jane asked us.,Jane asked us

19、 if we liked toys.,those,4. “Bring those balls to me.” said my sister.,My sister asked us to bring balls to her.,those,5,1. “I like reading adventure stories,” said John. John said that he liked reading adventure stories. 2. “I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friend. Sarah told her friends t

20、hat she didnt like computers.,Exercise I,3. “Ann, have you seen my blue notebook?” Peter asked. Peter asked Ann if she had seen his blue notebook. 4. “How can you do that?” Mary said to Ann. Mary asked Ann how she could do that. 5. “What difference does it make?” Peter asked Jim. Peter asked Jim wha

21、t difference it made.,1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day,Exercise II,2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were wa

22、lkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow,3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week,4. The man thought, “I shall take it b

23、ack tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day,5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this

24、 D. if we werethat,6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago,7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext tim