U 1 Section A Time-Conscious Americans.ppt

1、Time-Conscious Americans,Unit 1 Section A,Section A,Text Structure Analysis,Understanding the Text,Words and Expressions,Text Structure Analysis,Idea Catching,Time and labor.,Para. 1,What are the two things Americans try to save?,1. Question:,Skimming eg1: We delayed our departure on account of the

2、bad weather. on no account 绝不； eg1: On no account will I betray my homeland. eg2: I will betray my homeland on any account. take account of = take into account 考虑到 eg1: When judging his performance, please take his age into account. / take account of his age.,charge v.,charge for: ask (an amount of

3、money) as a price eg1: How much do you charge for washing a car? 你们洗一部车要收多少钱？ eg2: We charge 200 dollars for a single room one night. 单人房每夜收费200元。,charge v.,charge sb with sth: accuse sb of sth, esp. formally in a court of law 以某事指控某人；（尤指在法庭上）控告某人 eg1: He was charged with murder. 他被指控谋杀罪。 eg2: She c

4、harged me with neglecting my duty. 她指控我玩忽职守。 （neglect ones duty）,charge v.,charge at sb/sth: rush forward and attach sb/sth进攻 eg1: The troops charged at the enemy lines. 部队进攻敌军防线。,acute adj.,1). (of feelings or the senses) fine; sharp eg1: Dogs have an acute sense of smell. 2). severe, very great eg

5、1: acute pain 剧痛 eg2: an acute lack of water 严重缺水,Hourglass,replace v.,1). put sth. back where it was before eg1: Replace the caps on the bottles. eg2: Replace the book on the shelf. 2). change (some person or object) for another, often better, newer, etc. eg1: Well have to replace those old compute

6、rs with (by) new ones.,abrupt adj.,1). (of behavior) rough粗鲁的；无理的； eg1: an abrupt attitude eg2: When I asked her about her new job, she was quite abrupt with me.,abrupt adj.,2). sudden and unexpected eg1: The meeting came to an abrupt end. 会谈突然结束。 eg2: an abrupt change of policy / drop in oil prices

7、突然改变政策/油价突降 Which line chart can describe an abrupt drop?,(I) (II),count v.,1). If something counts, it is important or valuable. eg1: Before the exam, every minute counts. eg2: Shes the only person that really counts around here. 2). count as sth.: be accepted or valid 认可，有效，算数 eg1: You didnt shut

8、your eyes before you made the wish, so it doesnt count!,count v.,count sb. in eg1: Dont count me in! I have had an appointment and cant go mountain climbing with you. count on / upon eg1: Whenever it comes to money, we can not count on him. He is such a stingy man that he wont lend you a penny! coun

9、t up to sth.: add up to eg1: These small contributions soon count up to a sizeable amount.,assess v.,assess主要表示对收入、财产等进行“估价”（常作为征税等的根据）； estimate 主要表示根据个人知识、经验或认识粗略地“估价”，其结果有可能是错的； evaluate既可表示“估的值、定的价”，又可表示“对评价”，与assess及rate均有重叠的含义，强调评定人或物的价值； rate常用于估价价值较高的东西或评价某人在某一方面的价值，有时含有“排序”之意； value表示“为估价”，

10、其宾语涉及范围较广，几乎可以是任何有价值的东西。,much less,still less, let alone, and even less likely eg1: The old man can hardly walk, much less run. eg2: He is too shy to ask a stranger the time, still less speak to a room full of people. Do Exe VII on P 10,surround v.,1). to be all around on every side 环绕，围绕，围住 eg1: A

11、high wall surrounds the prison camp. 一道高墙把整个监狱围了起来。 eg2: She was sitting on the floor surrounded by books. 她坐在地板上，周围都是书。 2). to go around and take up position on every side, esp. in order to prevent escape 包围 eg1: The police surrounded the house. 警察包围了这所房子。,surroundings n.,n. everything that surroun

12、ds a place or person, esp. as it influences the quality of life周围的事物，环境，气氛 surrounding adj.,surroundings n.,Environment 既可指自然环境，也可指所有影响某人或某事发展的外部因素、社会条件、经济状况、家庭环境等。 Surroundings 是复数名词，仅指某地或某人周围的“物质环境”，不涉及环境对人的健康、思想、道德方面的发展和形成的影响。,device n.,apparatus多指为某种专门用途而装的一套或一件装置、器械、机器或仪表； appliance多指电动工具、设备； d

13、evice 只具有某种特定功能的精巧的“小型机械装置、设备”； equipment指某项活动所需或某个领域内全部的“设备、器材”，含义比较广泛，可包括多个devices; instrument一般指精细工作或科学研究中用于分析、医疗、实验、检验的仪器、器械，还可指用于测量速度、高度、声音等的仪表，此外该词常用于指乐器，而家庭生活和普通劳动中的用具不能用这个词表示。,given prep.,prep. considering, taking into account eg1: Given their inexperience, theyve done a good job. eg2: Given

14、 her interest in children, teaching should be the right career for her. eg3: Given that they are inexperienced, theyve done a good job.,be due to,caused by; because of sb/ sth. eg1: The teams success was largely due to her efforts. eg2: The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market

15、 strategy.,due adj.,1). suitable; right; proper 适当的；正当的；适宜的 eg1: Both the teacher and the students should show their due respect to each other. 2). requiring immediate payment到期 eg1: Your homework is due on March 4th.,competent adj.,adj. having enough skill or knowledge to do sth. to satisfactory st

16、andard eg1: Is Miss Li competent in her work? eg2: Is Miss Li competent as a teacher? eg3: Is Miss Li competent to teach French?,fulfill v.,1). do or perform eg1: They fulfilled their work ahead of time as we did ours. eg2: fulfill a duty, a command, an obligation, etc 履行职责、服从命令、履行义务,fulfill v.,2). supply or satisfy eg1: The traveling library fulfills an important need for people who live in the country areas. 流动图书馆满足了乡村居民的一项重要需求。