汉语复句句内关系.ppt

1、1,Interrelationship between Chinese fuju 汉语复句句内关系,2,汉语复句,Chinese Fuju is made up of two or more simple sentences which are related to each other in meaning. Precisely speaking, a Chinese fuju is mostly characterized by that the two Fenju should be connected in meaning and one of them can not be one

2、sentence member of the other or vice versa.,3,培养儿童具有健康体魄，是我们的重要目标。 我们谁都知道，他工作积极，学习努力。 知识来源于实践已为无数事实所证明。 讲你好话的人不一定都是你的好朋友。 他告诉我，他前两天收到一封信。 他学习努力，而且进步很快。 走进饭厅，他看见母亲围着一件白围裙。 他说了，而且做了。 我受了伤，为什么不给治？ 他说了而且做了。 我受了伤为什么不给治？,4,缩合复句（Condensed sentences）,雨越下越猛，像瓢泼一样。 狐狸再狡猾也斗不过好猎手。 你有意见就说。 不到黄河心不死。 人多力量大。 不见不散！

3、人云亦云 远交近攻 不进则退,5,汉语复句种类,A.联合复句 并列Parallelism 连贯Continuity 递进Progressiveness 选择Choice,B.偏正复句 转折Conversion 假设Supposition 条件Condition 因果Cause and Effect 目的 Purpose,6,意合与形合Parataxis willow trees may have died, but theres a time of returning green; peach blossoms may have fallen, but theres a time of blo

4、oming again. Now, you, the wise, tell me, why should our days leave us, never to return?,23,主从复句之二：假设关系,顺承的假设关系 if 逆接的假设关系 even if,24,如果没有宇宙飞船，人类就 不可能飞向太空。 If there had been no spaceships, it would have been impossible for human beings to go to space. 即使哥伦布没有发现美州大陆，别人也会发现。 Even if Columbus had not d

5、iscovered the continent of America, somebody else might have.,25,主从复句之三：条件关系,onlyif, unless, as/ so long as, if only 或句中某种搭配 无条件句 no matter how however / whatever / whenever / whoever 或其它搭配,26,只有播种，才有收获。 One can not reap unless he sows. One must sow before he can reap. 他下定决心，不管碰到什么 困难都要坚持走下去。 He was

6、 determined to hold on whatever difficulties he might run into.,27,主从复句之四：因果关系,不成对使用关联词，根据关联词语的不同意义，分为两种 表原因为主 because, as, for, since 表结果为主 so, and therefore, hence, so that, thus, sothat, such that,28,复杂的计算我们可以用计算机进行，因为它能迅速地求出准确的解答。 For complicated calculations we can use a computer, because it qu

7、ickly gives us an exact solution. 中国拥有丰富的物质财富和精神财富，因而注定要在国际事物中发挥决定性作用。 China abounds in material and spiritual resources; therefore it is destined to play a decisive role in international affairs.,29,那对年轻夫妇当时非常穷，买 不起价钱如此昂贵的沙发。 The young couple were so poor that they could not afford such an expensiv

8、e sofa. 这附近有许多大的工厂，所以空气受到烟尘的严重污染。 There stand so many big factories nearby that air is seriously polluted by smoke.,30,主从复句之五：目的关系,so that, in order that, to the end that, in case, lest 动词不定式短语和介词短语：so as (not) to, in order (not) to, with the aim of 其它从句关系,31,卫星必须加速，以便在它开始绕地球运行时可以获得足够快的速度来抵消地球的引力。 A

9、 satellite must accelerate so that it may go fast enough to balance the force of gravity when it starts going around the earth. 他每天去上班之前总是仔细地检查车胎，以防路上漏气。 He always examines the tires carefully before going to work every day lest they should go flat on the way.,32,车要放在存放处，以免影响交通。 Cars should be left

10、at parking lots so as not to block the traffic. 他计划组织一次讲座，好让我们对美国的金融市场体系有个大概的了解。 He is planning to organize a lecture that will provide us with a general understanding of the US financial market system.,33,Practice,他不去我去。 I would like to go if he doesnt go. 他不去我才去。 Id go there only if he doesnt. 他不去

11、我也不去。 I would not like to go unless he goes. 他不去我也去。 Id go there even if he doesnt go with me. 他去不去我都去。 Id go whether or not he goes.,34,人穷志短。 When a man is poor his ambition is not far-reaching. 人穷志不短。 Though one is poor, he has high aspirations. 人不犯我，我不犯人。 We will not attack unless we are attacked

12、. 人若犯我，我必犯人。 We will counterattack once we are attacked.,35,有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有多大的才能。 Sometimes it is interpersonal skills rather than professional skills that really counts in your career. 这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下岗。 That is why many mediocre employees survive violent corporate u

13、pheavals while people of great talent are being laid off.,36,人际关系就是一种善于听取别人意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下岗。因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。碰到错误，他们首先想到自己，拒不承认自己有错，或情绪低落或大发雷霆，成为有刺的人，难以相处。,37,Interpersonal skills ar

14、e nothing but the ability to be good listener, to be sensitive toward others needs, to take criticism well. People with skill in social relations admit their mistakes, and take their share of blame, which is a mature and responsible way to handle an error. That is why many mediocre employees survive violent corporate upheavals while people of great talent are being laid off. Sensitive in their dealing with others, they are well liked everywhere. Pe