中考英语主谓一致课件.ppt

1、,专题复习 主 谓 一 致,“主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如are, were, have等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：is, was, has, works等。 在具体处理一致关系时可遵循以下三原则: 语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。,一、语法一致 主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式； 主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。 例如： I often help him and he often helps me. 我经常帮助他，他也经常帮助我。 We often help each other. 我们经常互相帮助。 不可数名词作

2、主语，谓语动词用单数； 可数名词的复数形式作主语， 谓语动词用复数。,二、意义一致 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数； 主语形式为复数，而意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。如： The crowd were surrounding the government official. 人群包围了这位政府官员。 Maths is hard to learn. 数学难学。,考点归纳：意义一致原则 1.时间，距离，价格，度量衡单数 2.集合名词（family,team,group） 整体单数 成员复数 3.不定代词（all, most, some, any） 依这些代词表示的意义而决定谓语动词。

3、 4.分数百分数halfthe reat+of+名词 看名词,5.The +形容词谓语动词用复数 6.定语从句中，关系代词作主语 看先行词,三、就近原则 就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。 There is a pen and two pencils on the desk. 桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。,考点归纳：邻近一致原则 即，谓语动词的单复数与靠近它的 主语一致。 遵循就近原则的机构有： either or neither nor. not onlybut aso There be 句型 Here 开头的句子。,Not only I but(also) Jane an

4、d Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be,B,由here, there等引导的倒装句中，若主语不止一个时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。如： Here comes the bus. Here is a pen and two books for you.,1. 由and连接的并列成分指的是一个人的双重身份时谓语动词为单数，如果指不同的人或物时谓语动词用复数。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (那个工人兼作家) The worker a

5、nd the writer are from Beijing. (那位工人和那位作家),2). 如果连接两个或两个以上的并列结构是指同一个人或物，或指同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，这时and后面的名词前不加冠词。,例如： A).表整体概念的并列结构： bread and butter knife and fork B).配套事物： a watch and chain a needle and thread The knife and fork is on the desk. 刀叉放在桌子上。,2. Every one of one of each of either of +复数名词作主语，谓语

6、用单数。 Each of the students has a book.,3. 表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时，谓语用单数。 Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. Five dollars is enough.,4. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动用单数。 复数代词+ each, 谓语动词用复数： Each of us has something to say. We each have something to say. 我们每个人都有些话要说。,5. Every and (every),

7、each and (each) , no and (no) , many a and (many a) 连接两个 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and a girl has made the same mistake.,6. 集体名词class, family, population, public, 等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。 His family is in Harbin. His family are music lovers.,1. 复数名词（people,

8、police, cattle, clothes等）复数。 The police are looking for lost boy. 2.复合代词（由each, some, any, no, every构成）谓语动词用单数。 7.有两部分构成的物体的名词，（如glasses, shoes, trousers, jeans）谓语动词用复数。 如这类名词前用了pair,谓语动词单复数看pair,但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法： 1. 有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数)：clothing衣服，furniture家俱，scenery 景色等。 2. 有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不用复数形

9、式)：people人，police警察，clothes等。,3. 名词如trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数；如： The scissors are sharp.,而形复义单的名词如news;以-ics结尾的学科名称如physics, politics, 国名如the United States; 报纸名如the New Times; 书名如Great Expectations(远大前程)；以及the United Nations作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,如： No news is good news. Gre

10、at Expectations was written by Charles Dickens in 1860.,4. 有些名词单复数形式相同，作主语时，谓语动词由上下文决定。这类名词有means, deer, sheep, Chinese, Japanese, fish等。Not every means is useful. 并非每种方法都有效。 Not all means are useful. 并非所有的方法都有效。,6. all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。 All are present . All the food tastes good

11、. 7. “half / most / enough / part / the rest / the last / lots / plenty / 分数 / 百分数 + of + 名词”作主语,谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词单复数保持一致。,8. 复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词 用单数。 Someone is calling you. 有人叫你。 Nothing is found in the room. 在屋里找不到什么东西。,Two-thirds of the people are against the plan. Three-fourths of the surface（表面） of

12、the earth is covered by sea. Over twenty percent (百分之)of the city was destroyed in the war. Forty-five percent of the doctors were woman.,9. 主语后跟 “with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / among / as well as / besides / rather than +名词”结构时，谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致。 The teacher wi

13、th a number of students is in the classroom.,1. A woman with some children _ soon A. is coming B. are coming C. has come D. have come 2. No one except my parents _ anything about this。 A. know B. knows C. is known D. are known,When and where to build the new factory_ yet. A. is not decided B. are no

14、t decided C. has not decided D. have not decided,分析: 当when和where加不定式指的是同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。,A,3.如果主语是不定式，动词-ing形式或主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 What he is doing seems very important. 他正在做什么看起来很重要。 Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。,1. either,neither 单独出现用单数。 2. every,each ,no 双双出现，名词单数，即单数 。 3. school,class,family 指人用复数，整体用单数。 4. 有相同两半的名词独