情态动词虚拟语气归纳.ppt

1、I. 1-5:BBAAA 6-10: CDAAD 11-15 ADDDD 1619 ABDCD 2025: CACCD 26-30: CBCDA 3135 DCBDB 3640 CA DDC 41-44 DDCC,Modal verbs,must 必须 (主观;命令) / 一定要，非得要 (No.2、8; /44) Why must you be talking so loudly while others are studying? 2. should； ought to 应该 (责任、义务）(No.3) 3. have to （客观）不得不（ have got to 多见于口语;否定don

2、t have to. No 42）,一 表示必须,二 表示许可,1. May 表示许可 （比can 正式；Might 过去式；语气更委婉） 2.Can 用于口语 （could 过去式；语气更委婉） (No. 9),May I ? Yes, you can.,Could I ? Yes, you can.,三 表示能够,Can 表示 习惯能力 2. be able to 经过努力而作成某事 = manage to do sth. 在否定结构中，二者可以互换。,四 表示意愿,Will/ would （主语的意愿） Ill / He ll （would） try my best to overcom

3、e the difficulty. （Would 语气更委婉） 2 shall （说话人的意愿；第二、三人称陈述句中） 1）表示允诺 “会（得到）。(No.11) 2）表示命令/警告 威胁 “必须” (No.12),五. 表示请求,Will/ would （第三人称） Will you help me to put these books in order? 2. Shall (第二、三人称） (No.17) Shall I help you? Shall he come in?,六. 表示习惯动作,would ( Would 后只能接表示动作的动词。) She would sit for h

4、ours without saying a word. 2. be used to (used to 则还可以接表示状态的动词。) He used to be a worker.,七. 表示猜测,must (肯定句) 一定 (No. 1, 7) 2. may /might （肯定、否定 ）也许（不） 3. can /could（ 否定 、疑问 ）不可能、会是? (No. 5, 6, 20, 21, ) 4. should (十有八九) 应该 (往往指将来) 5. can (理论上) 会是 (No. 43),1.neednt have done 本不必 (N0.41) 2. should hav

5、e done/ ought to have done- 本该做某事 (N0.4, 10, 19) shouldnt/ oughtnt to have done 本不该做某事 3.must have done 一定做过某事 (N0. 1) 4. may /might (not) have done 也许(未)做过某事 (No.18) 5. cant/ couldnt have done 不可能做过某事 6.would (not) have done 本会/不会做某事 (No.23) 7. could/might (not) have done本 (不)可能做某事 (虚拟) (N0. 15, 26

6、, 36; 32,),八. 情态动词+完成式,猜测,九. 既可做情态动词又可做实意动词,dare (dared)/ need (needed) 1、情态动词用于否定、疑问句；条件从句中。 Dare/ Need you go here alone? I dare/need not do so. I wont allow you to swim in the river, even if you dare do it. 2、做实意动词用于肯定句、否定、疑问句、条件从句中；后加不定式。 I dared /needed to tell him about it.,Subjunctive mood,一:

7、 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。,条件从句,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,过去时（be 动词用were）,过去完成时,would/could/should/might +V.（原）,would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.过去时 2.should+V. 3. were to do,would/could/should/might +V.（原）,二：虚拟语气特殊句型：,Wish 的宾语从句,现在： 过去： 未来：,过去时（were）,过去完成时,would/could/might+V.,2. as if /though + Claus

8、e,现在： 过去： 将来 :,过去时,过去完成时,would/could/might+V.,No.13,3. Would rather that,现在： 过去： 未来：,I would rather you paid me now.,Id rather she hadnt done that.,Id rather you painted the wall green next time.,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,4.Its (high) time +that -,should +V.,过去时,你该走了。,Its high time that you went. Its high time

9、that you should go.,5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即 1.insist (No.14,16) 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。,6. without, but for(要不是), otherwise(否则) suppose(假定) , if it were no

10、t for (如果没有) 等其他形式的虚拟语气。,He is not a careful driver; otherwise he wouldnt have had that accident.,Without air, there would be no living things.,But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.,7. If only 要是就好了 (c.f. wish) (No.38) If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If o

11、nly I could see him again!,8. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 等主语从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形，表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等。should意为“应该”，“竟然”,It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. It is strange that she (should) refuse to come to the party. (No.37) It was a pity that yo

12、u (should) be so careless.,9. 某些简单句的固定句型： God bless you! May you succeed!,would rather do sth. had better do sth.,II. 1: hadnt broken; (should) be set 2. (should) go 3: (should) start; 4: taking; 5: was satisfied; 6 :to be 7: holding, (should) receive, 8: had attended; 9:is 10: (should) keep 11: to do 12: to give 13:were 14: (should) be 15: (should) pay 1