必修5 Unit 1 Using Language

1、U1P5 Using Language,Reading & Writing,1、尼古拉.哥白尼 2、革命的；重大变革的 3、移动；运动；动作 4、讲得通；有意义 5、向后的（地） 6、圈；环 7、私下地；秘密地 8、（使）旋转；纺 9、明亮；亮度；聪颖 10、热情的；热心的 11、小心的；谨慎的 12、拒绝；不接受；抛弃 13、宇宙；世界,Nicolaus Copernicus,revolutionary,movement,make sense,backward,loop,privately,spin-spun-spun,brightness,enthusiastic,cautious,rej

2、ect,universe,Warming up,Do you know what is the center of the solar system? Can you name the nine planets in the solar system?,Nine Planets In the Solar System,.,Mercury m:kjuri 水星 Venus vins 金星 Earth 地球 Mars mrz 火星 Jupiter dupt 木星,Nine Planets in the Solar System:,Saturn stn 土 星 Uranus jurns 天王星 Ne

3、ptune neptju:n 海王星 Pluto pluto 冥王星,Reading COPERNICUS REVOLUTIONARY THEORY,Nicolaus Copernicus,He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets went around it.,Skim the text a

4、nd draw the two theories of the universe with the following pictures.,Sun,earth,Before Copernicus theory Showing Copernicus theory,Reading and drawing,Before Copernicus theory Showing Copernicus theory,Sun,Showing Copernicus theory,A diagram showing the solar system with the earth at its centre,A di

5、agram showing the solar system with the sun at its centre,Before Copernicus theory,Sun,At Copernicus time, Christian Church was in charge of many western countries. 2. Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth, some planets appears in front of or behind the earth. 3. Copernicus didnt show his

6、new theory to his friends until he completed it.,T,F,T,Scanning: True or False,4. His friends were not interested in his ideas. 5. Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church, Copernicus published his book as soon as he finished working on it. 6. Newton, Einstein, and Hawking are all sci

7、entists who made contribution to the study of the universe.,F,F,T,Careful readingRead the text carefully, then answer these questions.,Because the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea,2. What was his theory about? (Para 1),All his mathematical calculatio

8、ns led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.,1. Why could he not tell about his theory? (Para 1),3. What had the astronomers noticed in the sky? (Para 2),They had noti

9、ced that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others.,4. When did Copernicus complete his theory? (Para 3),Between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was c

10、omplete.,5. How did he explain changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars? When did he publish his idea? (Para 4),He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested th

11、at the earth was spinning as it went round it and this explain changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars.,He published his idea as he lay dying in 1543.,6. Why do people think that there is a direct link between his ideas and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein

12、and Stephen Hawking?,Because his theory is now the base on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe, He showed this was obviously wrong.,1)表示对过去的某种情况进行猜

13、测, 或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况，但不象should或ought to 那样含有责备之意。如：, Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.,Language points,1) I guess the poet would have been about 20 when she wrote her first poem.,2) Anoth

14、er worker wouldnt have acted like that.,neednt have + p.p.表示做了不必做的事，相当于，译为“其实没必要 ” should have + p.p.表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该 ” should not have + p.p.表示本不应 该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该”,相关知识总结：,lead to 导致，通向,All roads lead to Rome.,The discovery of new evidence led to _. A. the thief having caught B. catch the th

15、ief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught,条条大道通罗马,C, Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky . =,The movements of the other planets in the sky make sense only if you put the sun there.,“Only + 副词 /介词短语/状语从句” 位于句首, 句子要倒装。,make sense,e.g.: 1) Only

16、if your identity has been checked, _. A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in,2) Only then did I realize the importance of knowledge. 3) Only in this way can we work out the maths problem.,D, make sense 有意义，有道理，说得通 1）What you say makes no sense.

17、 2) It would make sense to leave early. 3) Can you make sense of this poem?,你说的话没有道理。,还是早点走好。 （是明智的，合理的）,你看得懂这首诗吗？（理解或弄懂）,work on 从事,She is working on a new novel.= She is writing a new novel., complete vt. 完成 adj.完整的,完成的,The workers havent completed the house yet. When will the work be complete?,en

18、thusiastic: adj. 热心的，满腔热情的 enthusiasm: n. 热情,enthusiastic support 热情的支持,be enthusiastic about 对某事充满热情,If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years?,Discussion, As a scientist, one should be brave. But Copernicus was afraid of being attacked by the Christian Ch

19、urch. So he had hidden his theory for so many years. What do you think of this?,Agree 1. He was cautious. if he had published his ideas, he would have been killed just as Bruno who was burned to death because his theory was against the Christian Church. 2. Every time when a new idea appears, there a

20、re always rejections. Its normal. Scientists should have patience to spread their truth. 3. It made no sense for him to publish his theory in a hurry. He was just cautious not coward. He should protect himself first.,Disagree 1.Copernicus was very coward. He should speak out his discovery and let th

21、e world know the truth earlier. 2.Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. 3.As a scientist, you must have the courage to publish your findings. No matter how people oppose them, time will show if your ideas are right or wrong.,Write a short letter asking Copernicus

22、 (not) to publish his ideas so everyone can read them.,Writing,Persuasive writing Please refer to P8 Learning Tip. Now write a short letter asking Copernicus to publish his ideas so everyone can read them. First you need to collect your ideas. For example:,He believes his new theory is true. There a

23、re problems with the present theory. He has done many years of observations to prove his new theory is true. Science cant develop unless people publish their ideas. Time will show if his theory is true or not.,Here is a plan: Beginning: Tell Copernicus who you are and why you want him to publish his

24、 ideas. Paragraph 1: Reason 1 and evidence. Paragraph 2: Reason 2 and evidence. Summing up: Ask him to think again about publishing his ideas.,One possible version Dear Nicolaus Copernicus, I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons. I understand the problems with the present theory. The