牛津高二选修8Unit1.ppt

1、Unit 1 The written word,单元总结,知识清单,1. _ n. 诗歌 2. _ n. 古董，文物 3. _ n. 特征，特点 adj. 典型的，独特的，特有的 4. _ vt. 虐待；辱骂；滥用 5. _ n. 紧张气氛；紧张；矛盾 6. _ n. 故事情节；阴谋，密谋 vt. 密谋；绘制(图表) 7. _ adj. 慷慨的，大方的； 宽厚的，仁慈的,antique,abuse,poetry,plot,generous,tension,characteristic,(一)基本单词,单词,8. _ adj. 死板的，僵化的；坚硬的 9. _ adj. 弯曲的；驼背的；不诚实的

2、 n. 天赋，爱好 10. _ n. 主题，主题思想；主题音乐 11. _ n. 转折；转变；转动；急转弯 vi. I _ when I said that. 对不起，我说那事并无恶意。 I _ you, but I too busy to do so. 我本打算打电话给你，但我太忙，没有如 愿。,intended no offence,had intended to call/ intended to have called,The posts are intended _ students who have recently completed a first degree in biol

3、ogy. A. to B. for C. by D. as,B,The international agreement, _ encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February. A. intending to B. being intended to C. intended to D. to intend to,C,1. live up to 达到，符合(期望)；不辜负,【拓展】 live on 以为主食； 靠为生；继续存在 live with 忍受；与住在一起 live

4、 through 经历(艰难或险境) live a . life 过着的生活,短语, I try _ the high standard of the school. 我力求达到这所学校的高标准要求。 He didnt _ his reputation. 他的生活与他的名声不符。 The doctor doubted whether the patient would _ that month. 医生拿不准那个病人是否能活过那个月。 Most of Asians _ rice. 多数亚洲人以大米为主食。,live up to,live on,to live up to,live through

5、,【运用】, These traditions will _ for centuries. 这些传统将世代相传。 They learned _ each others imperfections. 他们学会了容忍对方的缺点。 Its a pleasure for me _ you. 和你一起生活对我来说是件愉快的事情。,to live with,live on,to live with,We think highly of Mr. White because he always _ his principles. A. lives on B. lives up to C. lives thro

6、ugh D. lives with,B,In modern times, people have to learn to _ all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life. keep with stay with C. meet with D. live with,D,2. be bent on (doing) sth. 决心做某事(通常指坏事)；一心想要做某事,【拓展】 “决心要做，决定做”的表达方式： decide to do sth. (强调动作) make a decision to do sth.

7、 (强调动作) make up ones mind to do sth. (强调动作) determine to do sth. (强调动作) be determined to do sth. (强调状态), Joyce _ a new house. 乔伊斯一心想买一套新住房。 I _ my purpose at any cost. 我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。 The two boys _ it out. 两个孩子决定打出个胜负来。,is bent on buying,am determined to attain,determined to fight,【运用】,She is _ on b

8、ecoming a musician, so she has given up her other hobbies and is engaged in music. A. bent B. buried C. devoted D. kept,A,3. have a reputation for以而获得名声 He _ his laziness. 他因懒惰而出名。 当have a reputation结构后用的是 “being +形容词”时，for可以用of代替。 She _ being generous. 她因慷慨大方而博得好评。,has a reputation of,has a reputat

9、ion for,This makes them difficult for some people to read, so they often left to gather dust on shelves. make + 宾语 + adj. + (for sb.) to do Too many new words make the passage difficult for children to read. 也可以转换成：make + it + adj. (for sb.) to do sth. Too many new words make it difficult for childr

10、en to read the passage.,句式,2. Pips sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip. would rather than 宁愿也 不愿 1) wouldrather后直接接动词的原形； I_gotomorrowthantoday. 我宁愿明天去，不愿今天去。,wouldrather,wouldrather后面接从句时要用虚拟语气。表示现在或将来时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时；若从句中表示过去，

11、动词用过去完成时。 They_I_theretomorrow.他们宁愿我明天去那里。 I_thatyou_tothe cinemayesterdayevening. 要是你昨晚没去看电影就好了。,wouldrather,went,hadntgone,wouldrather,表示“宁可干而不干”要用句型wouldratherdosth.thandosth. Idratherstayathomethangoout. 我宁可呆在家里也不出去。 注：若than前后动词相同，则可省略than后 面的动词，只保留与than前面不同的成 分。Id_anovel_apoem. 我宁愿看小说而不愿朗读诗歌。,r

12、atherread,than,语法,否定词及否定陈述用法小结 在日常表达中，我们有时要提出否定的观点或表达特殊的语气，这时我们就会用到否定的表达形式。 1. 运用比较直观的否定词表示否定意义。如：a. There is no need to worry about him. b. Philip has not had lunch yet.,c. Tracy left home without telling her parents. d. We invited both of them, but neither can come. 常见的这类词有：no, not, never, none, n

13、either, nothing, nobody, without等。,2. 运用其它隐性否定词来表达否定意义。如：a. The exam was so difficult that few people passed it. b. Bob knew little about it before I told him. c. Kelvin is such a naughty boy and is beyond my control. d. My selfish brother is the last person Id ask for help. 常见的这类词有：few, little, unl

14、ess, seldom, hardly, beyond, last等。,3. 运用一些短语或结构来表达否定意义。如：a. They did their homework instead of watching TV yesterday afternoon. b. The soldiers preferred to die rather than give in to the enemy. c. Wilson is anything but a writer. d. Harry was too ill to be anywhere but in bed. e. Are you cold? Far

15、 from it!,f. Her sudden arrival prevented him from going out. 常见的这类表达有：instead of, rather than, anything but, far from, too . to ., prevent / keep / stop . from .等。,4. 用带否定前缀的词也可构成否定陈述。如：a. Womens education was seen as unimportant. b. I got the desk cheap because its slightly imperfect. c. Im afraid

16、 I have to disagree with you on that issue. 常见的这类词有：unimportant, unnecessary, imperfect, impossible, disagree等。,5. all, both, everyone, everything等用在否定句中，可表示部分否定。如： a. Not all lawyers have large incomes. b. Not everyone enjoys sport. 6. 双重否定表示肯定意义，这时它表示的意义比肯定句更强烈。如： a. There is no life without water

17、. b. Grace never comes without reporting fresh things. c. Its not impossible to get the work finished on time.,7. 有些结构或表达在形式上是否定的，在意义上却是肯定的。如： a. I cant find a better excuse for it. b. You cant be too careful when crossing the street. c. Roger couldnt help jumping when he heard the news. d. We could

18、nt (help) but wait for him at the bus station.,e. Howard could do nothing but go sadly back to bed. f. I didnt go to bed until 12 oclock last night. 常见的此类表达有：cant与比较级或too连用, cant help doing, cant (help) but do, nothing but, not . until .等。,8. 在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后面的宾语从句中，如果在意义上需要否定宾语从

19、句的某个成分且主句的主语为第一人称，常常要将否定转移到主句中去。如： a. I dont believe he will come. b. I dont think I know you. c. I dont suppose well meet again.,9. 在诸如I think not, I hope not, Im afraid not之类的简短回答中，否定词not可以看作替代词或省略结构。如： a. Do you think it will rain this afternoon? I hope (that it will) not. We have an important fo

20、otball match. b. Is he coming tonight? I am afraid (he is) not (coming tonight).,10. 一些否定词或否定结构置于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。如： a. Seldom had I seen such a big snake before I came to this island. b. Little did I dream of hearing such exciting music.,【即学即用】单项填空。 1. _ can be good at something for 40 years if he does

21、nt love it.(江西 2013) A. Anybody B. Everybody C. NobodyD. Somebody 2. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost _ of her enthusiasm for life.(陕西 2013) A. some B. neither C. none D. all,C,C,3. Its an either-or situation we can buy a new car this year or we can go on hol

22、iday but we cant do _.(2013 新课标全国卷II) A. others B. either C. another D. both 4. A serious study of physics is impossible _ some knowledge of mathematics. (2013 新课标全国卷II) A. against B. before C. beyond D. without,D,D,5. This project requires close teamwork. _ will be achieved unless we work well toge

23、ther. (安徽 2013) A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything 6. How did your interview with the manager go? _ He seemed interested in my experience, but he didnt ask for references. (安徽 2013) A. Perfect!B. Im not sure. C. Thats right. D. Couldnt be better.,A,B,作文,Write a review of a book or sto

24、ry 【情景呈现】 请根据下表中关于小说少年派的奇幻漂流（Life of Pi）的信息，写一篇150词左右的文学评论。,参考词汇：货船cargo ship 移民 emigrate 孟加拉虎 Bengal tiger,【写作分析】 一、文体解读 1. 这是一篇文学评论，语言要讲事实、求准确； 2. 对文学作品的介绍要全面，包括书名、作者、主人公、故事情节等； 3. 结尾部分需要写出自己的读后感或对该作品作出评价。,二、常用句型 1. . written by . who was born . 2. The story is set in . The main character of the n

25、ovel is . who . 3. The story goes that . 4. The story begins when . 5. I think the story is . and I strongly recommend it to all of you.,【参考范文】 Life of Pi, written by Yann Martel who was born in Spain in 1963, has won many awards in the world. The plot is fantastic. In the novel, Pi Patel, an Indian

26、 boy, has a rich knowledge of animal behavior and a great affection for stories. When Pi is sixteen, his family emigrates from India to North America aboard a Japanese cargo ship. The ship then sinks.,Pi finds himself in a lifeboat, and his only companions include a Bengal tiger, Richard Parker. Soo

27、n the tiger has eaten all but Pi, whose fear and wisdom allow him to live with the tiger for 227 days while lost at sea. Without doubt, Yann Martel has shown us a glorious spiritual adventure that makes us question what it means to be alive, and to believe. As Yann Martel has said in one interview,

28、“Life is a story. You can choose your story.”,巩固练习,I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母 或汉语提示， 写出该单词的正确形式 （每空限填一词）。,1. This time their mission is trying to r_ friendly foreigners from unfriendly territory. 2. Having a sweet tooth, I cannot r_ stopping by the bakery on the way home. 3. The boy claimed that his stepf

29、ather treated him badly and psychologically and physically a_ him.,rescue,resist,abused,4. While the companys toy sales have hit a record high it faces a d_ shortage of clean water. 5. My classmate, Mary, is g_ she is always willing to spend time helping others or giving them pleasure. 6. We discove

30、r that the main character isnt as innocent as he seems, as the p_ of the book unfolds.,desperate,generous,plot,7. Above all, the worker could establish his r_ as a skilled and knowledgeable craftsman among his fellow workers. 8. My cousin has the occasional cigarette, but thats his only real _ (恶习)

31、. 9. My father has been doing two jobs in an attempt to get out of _ (债务). 10. Two men _ ( 突然出现) out at me as I was walking through the park, which made me frightened.,reputation,vice,debt,sprang,II. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 The _ (violence) scenes in the film were cut when it was shown on television. 2. Th

32、e incident has further increased the _ (tense) between the two countries. 3. A Christmas Carol was written by Charles Dickens, one of the greatest British _ (novel) of the 19th century.,violent,tension,novelists,4. Because of his _ (crime) record Jack finds it very difficult to get a job. 5. What _ (character) distinguish the Americans from the Canadians?,criminal,characteristics,III. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式