如何做好短文填空.ppt

1、如何有效备考中考 短文填空,一、考纲分析,“短文填空”实际上是“完形填空”题型的又一种表现形式，旨在考查考生能否结合题目的要求，以不同的形式来补全一篇文章。这类题目考查了学生的观察力、分析力、判断力、联想力、阅读理解能力和综合语言运用能力。本题共15分，占整份英语试题分值的12.5%（15/120）。,近五年广东省中考短文填空考点分分析,二、题型分析,1.题型特点： 1）文章不会太长（130-200个单词左右），第一行不设空。 2）词汇难度不高，文章难度要略低于阅读。 2.考点设置： 重点考查单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力。 词汇方面以实词为主，即指名词、动词、形容词、副词

2、。兼顾其它考点。 3. 提示方式：自由填词型。 4. 考生难点： 首先：单词拼写问题。很多可能知道要填的单词，但拼写往往出错。 其次：如何确定所填词的词性。有些空确实特别需要注意的是细节的把握：如名词的单复数，和动词形式的变化以及词性之间的变换。,三、如何做好短文填空?,（一）正确的步骤,（二）适当的技巧,（三）适量的练习,（一）正确的解题步骤:,1. 浏览全文,掌握文章的大意; a. 进行跳格阅读. b. 注意文章时态. 2. 根据词义,判断词形进行填空; a. 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达等较易的空格. b. 不太明朗的空格要根据语境和语义反复推敲. c. 注意词形变化（如：复数、过去式、过去

3、分词、现在分词等） 3. 通读全文,检查核对.,第一招：有样学样（观察上下文，找出能推断 出答案的信息）,(1) 一模一样,white,Tina noticed that her mother had some_ hairs on her head. Then she asked, “ Why do you have some white hairs, Mom?”,When he got home, he open his bag. He wanted to get the keys. They were always there. But he couldnt find the keys t

4、his time A moment later he jumped into the room and was very happy. But when he put his hand into his pocket. He found his_ right there.,keys,Children have to do a lot of every day not only at school but also at home. Some children have so much work to do that they often have to work late into the n

5、ight before they can finish their homework.,homework,(2) 连词推断,2. Hours, days, _ and months went by, but no birds came at all.,weeks,Once a Frenchman was travelling in England. He knew very English.,第二招：放飞想象（答案可以在图画或文章中推测出来。）,little,FRANCE,When Tom got school, it was eight ten. The teacher had alread

6、y begun her lesson. As soon as Tom came into the classroom, she got and said, ,angry,(1) 介词常与 名词/动词/形容词 进行搭配 如 (2) 动词与非谓语动词的搭配 动+ do: 动+ to do: 动+ doing: (3) 其他类型的固定搭配 如 bothand ; neithernor,第三招：讲究搭配（根据习惯用语和短语来填写）,by bike,put up,be worried about,make sb. do,decide to do,enjoy doing,1. (2012中考）I almo

7、st have no time for my hobbies, _ as playing volleyball and ping-pong.,2. Suddenly he _ up with a good idea and went out of his room.,such,came,第四招：定位 （确定所填词的词性）,(1) 缺主语或宾语，则填名词，_或者_. 例：1. _ makes children like the seaside so much? I think its the sand. 2. She studies in an art school, _ to music is

8、 her favorite.,代词,动名词,What,listening,(2) 若宾语用的是“_+ to do形式”， 则填_ 例: 1. He was so afraid that he didnt know _ to do. 2. (2011中考）He wanted a pair of new shoes, but his family is so poor. He was thinking about _ to tell his mother about it.,疑问词,what,how,(3) 缺谓语， 则填_. （2012中考）Im upset these days. I have

9、 a problem, and I do not _ how to deal with it.,know,动词,(4)若两个句子间要填一个空，则很可能是填_或者_.,1. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy.,but,2. He came up to the man _ is sitting on the ground.,who/that,连词,从句引导词,A(动词) Last summer, 15-year-old Bob 1 a problem. Like a lot of chi

10、ldren, Bob 2 interested in doing many things. He 3 dancing most and wanted to join a dancing group. But Bobs high school 4 have a boys dancing group but a girls group. He tried to join the girls group. But he wasnt 5 to stay in the girls group.,had,liked,didnt,allowed,be allowed 被允许,was,HOME,B (形容词/

11、副词) Once there was a little boy. He got angry 1 . His father gave him some nails(neil钉子) and told him: “When you get 2 , put a nail into the wall.” On the first day, the boy put 37 nails into the wall. The next day, he put in 3 nails. A few days later, he found it much 4 not to get angry. After a mo

12、nth, the boy was happy every day.,easily,angry,fewer,easier,修饰get angry,修饰系动词get,HOME,C (名词) Do you still remember the girl with big eyes? The 1 big eyes are telling us her dream: I wish to go to school! In China, there are still lots of girls and 2 like her. They want to go to school, but their 3 a

13、re too poor. If the family has two or three 4 , it is harder to pay the money for all of them. So the 5 often ask girls to stay at home, and boys to go to school.,boys,families,parents,girls,children,HOME,D (代词) Peoples inventions are clever, but 1 can be dangerous, too . For example, people invente

14、d factories, and now they make river dirty. 2 can make many changes. Dirty rivers kill fish. Then bears cannot eat the fish and the bears die. If 3 kill one part of the food chain, the other parts also die. Remember that we are a part of the food chain, so we are in danger too! If we protect animals

15、, we are protecting 4 ! We should and we could do 5 for the world!,they,This,we,ourselves,something,HOME,E (介词) 1 school many things happen 2 us. We may feel excited when we have success 3 a school play. We may feel sorry if we lose an important game. We want to keep the memories for the rest 4 our

16、lives. Some of the memories are wonderful 5 the sunshine, but others are not. However, they are both our precious wealth for our future lives.,to,At,of,in,like,HOME,F (从句连词) Because Americans like to spend more money 1 they have, many of them are always in debt(欠债) 2 Chinese usually spend less than

17、they have; many of them always have much left in the bank. The American kids themselves make their own moneyThey get part-time jobs in restaurants, bookstores and so on. But many Chinese parents say 3 its not safe for kids to work. Most Chinese kids especially 4 come from rich families always ask th

18、eir parents for moneyBecause of that, they can hardly know how hardworking it is to make money. 5 time goes by, they will have less and less ambition for their future.,than,But,that,who/that,As,HOME,确定语义，判断词形,名词,动词,形容词 that/those),Conclusion:,都要考虑名词,名词有可数名词和不可数名词，注意可数名词的单复数形式，尤其是不规则的变化。,When should

19、we use a verb（动词）?,I am _ forward to hearing from you again.,After the storm, many big trees _down and litter were around.,looking,fell,1. 空格前是be动词（am, is ,are, was, were),Conclusion:,考虑是用进行时态（be doing)还是被动语态(be done),2. 空格前是情态动词（can,should, may.),要用动词的原形,Conclusion:,3. 空格前是助动词（have, has, had),要用完成时态（have/has/had done ),4. 空格前是 to（