smog news.ppt

1、welcome,smog,China issues higher alert for worsening smog,BEIJING - Lingering(拖延的) smog in the countrys central and eastern regions(地区) is expected to end on December 9, according to the National Meteorological Center (NMC)(全国气象中心). The NMC has upgraded(升级) the alert from a yellow alert to the more

2、serious orange alert for worsening smog in these regions. Heavy smog swept Chinas central and eastern regions in early December. Some of the regions experienced three to five days of smog, while Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Henan provinces had suffered lingering smog for six consecutive(连续不断的) days.

3、,NEWS,China issues higher alert for worsening smog,A weak cold front on Saturday will do little to reduce the smog, the NMC forecast. China has a four-tier warning system for extreme weather, with red being the most serious, followed by orange, yellow and blue. The good news is that a cold front wit

4、h gale-force winds (大风)is expected to sweep China on Sunday and clear the smog. Temperatures will drop by at least 6 to 8 degrees Celsius from Sunday to Wednesday. Updated: 2013-12-07 14:23 ( Xinhua),NEWS,Distribution of air pollution,Contents,The influence of smog,The definition of smog,The cause o

5、f smog,Measures to deal with smog,1,2,3,4,Definition,A form of air pollution produced by the reaction of sunlight with hydrocarbons(烃)，nitrogen compounds(含氮化合物)，andother gases primarily released in automobile exhaust(汽车尾气). Smog is common in large urben areas, especially during hot, sunny weather, w

6、here it appears as a brownish haze(褐色的阴霾) that can irritate the eyes and lungs.,Cause,Industrial emissions,2.Motor vehicl exhaust emissions,Cuase,3.Atmostpheric dust (include building or road constructions),Cuase,4. According to the study, China emitted 13.2 million tons of PM2.5 in 2007, among whic

7、h more than 9 million tons came from industrial sources such as petrochemical plants(石化厂), cement kilns(水泥窟), and iron and steel smelters(钢铁冶炼).,Cuase,5.The burning of fireworks,Pollutants,Nitrogen oxides(氮氧化物) PM10(10微米以下的颗粒物) Sulfur dioxide(二氧化硫) Inhalable particles(可吸入颗粒) Fine particals (微粒),PM2.

8、5 Ozone(臭氧) Carbon monoxide(一氧化碳),New Readings,Already Monitored,PM2.5,PM stands for particulate matter(颗粒物) and 2.5 refers to particles(微粒) in the air that are 2.5 mu in diameter-about 1/30th the diameter of a human hair. What harm can PM2.5 particles do to people? They can go deep into the lungs a

9、nd even enter the bloodstream. They can lead to heart,brain and respiratory(呼吸的) diseases(asthma(哮喘),bronchitis(支气管炎) and an increased of cancer.,Does smoggy weather affect peoples lives?,Affect our daily lives (shopping,having a walk outside, doing sports and communicating with orthers),Influence,2

10、. Disrupting traffic, closing expressways and delaying or cancelling flights. 3.Increase the odds of traffic accident. Report-Four deaths have been attributed to the smoggy weather, including two high school students who were hit by a train due to low visibility(低能见度) in the city of Chaohu in east C

11、hinas Anhui province. Another two were killed in a pileup(连环相撞) involving 20 vehicles in neighboring Zhejiang province early Tuesday morning. Eight others were injured.),Influence,4.Affect the vegetable supply. (residents in many major cities are facing rising vegetable prices as the smog has closed

12、 expressways ) 5.Prompt surge in mask sales. (According to statistics from Taobao Mall , Chinas largest online marketplace, more than 30,000 masks were sold on Sunday , more than 20,000 of which were bought by customers from Beijing),Influence,6.Affect the work of the people who work outdoors.(such

13、as the police officers ),Influence,7.Make kindergartens,primary and middle schools have to stop classes.,Influence,8. Lead to various diseases (affect our cardiovascular(心血管的), cerebrovascular(脑血管的) , respiratory(呼吸的) and nervous(神经的) systems.),Influence,9.Affect international image,Influence,so,wha

14、t should be done?,Measure,1.Shut down high-polluting factories and promote environmentally friendly energies. 2.Improve the quality of gasoline(汽油). 3.Cut the number of both government and private vehicles on the road in half by enforcing odd-and-even license plate rule.,Measure,4.Try to ride electr

15、ic cars instead of cars, motorcycle and buses. 5.Try to use Electric Heating instead of coal-fired heating. 6.Promulgate(颁布) relevant laws to prevent heavily polluting enterprises listed.,Advocation,7. Enforce the control to dust in the City Greening Construction in the future. 8.Set the wind-sent s

16、prayer(风送式喷雾机) using water to refresh air in some places where smog gathers , such as buildings next to street. 9.Install the device that can gather the fumes together so that we can purify(净化) them easily in urban residential buildings and a variety of dining hall.,Protect ourselves against smog,Tr

17、y to stay indoors Try to keep windows close Try to smoke less Try to wear suitable breathing mask(口罩) Keep enough supplement of vitamin D Drink plenty of water Clean the nose and exposed skin when you come back from the outside. Eat light diet(清淡的饮食),Reflections,To those who are complaining of air pollution: How many hours do you drive your car every day, and how ma