Unit-8-Brave-it-Out.ppt

1、Welcome,Unit 8 Brave it Out,Grammar 句子的种类 Categories of Sentences,1. 陈述句(Declarative Sentences),用来说明事实或说话人的看法。I go to school by bike every day. 我每天骑自行车上学。They are having an English class now. 他们现在正在上英语课。She doesnt like playing basketball. 她不喜欢打篮球。,陈述句的否定形式： 凡陈述句中的谓语部分有助动词 be, have/has 或情态动词can, may,

2、 must, will, shall等时，其否定式只需在它们后面加not即可。如：Tom can speak English. (肯定句) 汤姆会讲英语。Tom can not speak English. (否定句) 汤姆不会讲英语。,2) 如果陈述句中的谓语动词只是行为动词, 而没有助动词或情态动词时，其否定式要在行为动词前加 do not 或第三人称单数加does not ；动词是过去时，在动词前加 did not；后面的谓语动词用动词原形。,如：,They went to school by bike yesterday. (肯定句) 他们昨天骑车上学。They did not go

3、to school by bike yesterday. (否定句) 他们昨天没骑车上学。She studies very hard. (肯定句) 她非常努力学习。She does not study very hard. (否定句) 她学习不很努力。,下列句子改为否定句：,1.He does some reading every day. He_ _ _ reading every day. 2.I have to wash the dishes. I _ _ _wash the dishes. 3.Tell him the news. _ _ him the news. 4.She has

4、 brothers and sisters. She _ _ brothers _ sisters. 5.I think she is right. I _ _she _ right.,doesnt do any,dont have to,Dont tell,doesnt have or,dont think is,2. 疑问句(Interrogative Sentences),有四种形式：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。Does she like music? （一般疑问句） 她喜欢音乐吗？How much is the T-shirt? （特殊疑问句） 这件T-恤衫多少钱？

5、You are in Class 2, arent you? （反意疑问句） 你在二班，不是吗？Is your pen friend a boy or a girl? （选择疑问句） 你的笔友是男孩还是女孩？,以情态动词、助动词或系动词be开头的疑问句。一般疑问句需以Yes或No回答。如：-Does she like music? 她喜欢音乐吗？ -Yes, she does. 是的，她喜欢。-Is there a map on the wall? 墙上有地图吗？ - No, there isnt. 不，没有。,1）一般疑问句(General Questions)：,-Did you go t

6、o school yesterday? 你昨天上学了吗？- Yes, I did. 是的，我去了。一般疑问句的答语有时可用Certainly, Of course, Sure等回答, 如：-May I use your pen? 我可以用你的钢笔吗？ -Certainly. 当然可以。,下列句子改为一般疑问句：,1.There is some fruit juice in the glass. _ _ _ fruit juice in the glass? 2.He has to stay here. _ he _ to stay there? 3. We do eye exercises e

7、very day. _ you _ eye exercises every day? 4. She has something to eat. _ she _ _ to eat? 5.I am good at singing and dancing. _ you good at singing _ dancing?,Is there any,Does have,Do do,Does have anything,Are or,2) 特殊疑问句(Special Questions),是以疑问词开始的疑问句。常用的疑问词有：who/ whom (谁), whose (谁的), what (什么),

8、which (哪个，那些), when/ what time (什么时间), where (什么地方), why (为什么), how (如何), How many/much (多少)等等。特殊疑问句由“疑问词加一般疑问句”构成。对主语提问时，语序与陈述句相同。特殊疑问句要根据问句的内容如实回答，不再用yes或no。,如： -Who is the man over there? 那边那个人是谁？ -He is our English teacher. 他是我们英语老师。-Why are you late for school today? 你今天为什么上学迟到？-I miss the earl

9、y bus. 我没赶上早班公交车。-Whose coat is this? 这是谁的外衣？ -Its Toms. 这是汤姆的,对划线部分提问,1.My mother goes to work by bike. _ _ your mother _ to work? 2.That is a map of France. _ map is that? 3. I think Chinese food is very nice. _ do you _ _ Chinese food? 4.The students like their teacher very much. _ do the student

10、s_ their teacher? 5.His uncle is a businessman. _ _ his uncle _?,How does go,What,How think of,How like,What does do,6.Its Sunday today. _ _ is it today ? 7.There are six kites in the sky. _ _ _ _ _ in the sky? 8.He lives in Room 306. _ _ _ he _ in? 9.She looks worried because she cant find her dog.

11、 _ _ she _ worried? 10.It takes him half an hour to write the e-mail. _ _ _ it _ him to write the e-mail?,What day,How many kites are there,Which room does live,Why does look,How long does take,3）选择疑问句(Alternative Questions),提出两种或多种情况，要求对方选择一种。 结构是“一般疑问句+ or +省略的一般疑问句”，或用疑问词which, whose等提问。 回答时须选择其中

12、一种情况回答，不能用yes或no回答。,如：-Is this a basketball or a football? 这是篮球还是足球？ -Its a basketball. 这是篮球。-Which is your bag, the blue one or the yellow one? 哪个是你的书包，蓝的还是黄的？-The blue one. 蓝色的。,将下列句子翻译成英语,你喜欢踢足球还是打篮球？ 你准备乘火车还是乘汽车？ 你想要什么。咖啡还是茶？ 你有几只笔，一支还是两支？,Do you like playing football or basketball?,Will you go

13、there by bus or by train?,What would you like, coffee or tea?,How many pens do you have, one or two?,4）反意疑问句(Disjunctive Questions),表示提问者有一定的主见，但没把握，希望对方来证实。反意疑问句由两部分的构成：前一部分是对事物的陈述，后一部分是省略型的简单问句。如果前一部分用肯定式，后一部分要用否定式；前一部分用否定式，后一部分要用肯定式。两部分的人称和时态要一致。即“前肯后否，前否后肯。”对反意疑问句的回答：不管问题的提法如何，事实是肯定的，要用yes，事实是否定

14、的，要用no。这和汉语不一样，要特别注意。,-You are from Australia, arent you? 你来自澳大利亚，不是吗？-No, Im not. Im from Canada. 不，不是。我来自加拿大。-She didnt visit her aunt yesterday, did she? 她昨天没去看她的阿姨，是吗？ -Yes, she did. 不，她去了。,反义疑问句练习,1. He has a lot of work to do, _ _? 2.Uncle Wang forgot to bring your bag, _ _? 3. Its fine today,

15、 _ _? 4. Tom wants to get his TV set back, _ _? 5. Jack didnt watch TV last night, _ _? 6. Open the windows, _ _? 7. Miss Green is going to work in London, _ _? 8. Lucy had a party last Sunday, _ _?,doesnt/hasnt he,didnt,he,didnt,he,isnt it,doesnt he,did he,will/wont you,isnt she,didnt she,3. 祈使句(Im

16、perative Sentences),用来表示命令、劝告等。说话的对象是第二人称, “you”常被省略。句末用句号或叹号。1) 祈使句的开头用动词原形，如：Sit down, please. 请坐。Close the door, please. 请关门。2) 祈使句的否定式在句首用Dont，有时用Never, 如：Dont put the flowers on the table, please. 别把花儿放在桌子上。Never do it again. 再不要这么做了。,祈使句练习,1. Its an important meeting. _ _(not, be) late. 2. _ _

17、 (not, make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping. 3. _ _(not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _ (be) polite. 4. _ _ (not, talk) and _(read) aloud. 5. _(look) out! A car is coming.,Dont be,Dont make,Dont speak,be,Dont talk read,Look,4. 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences,多用how 或what引起，来表达强烈的感情。1) “How +

18、 形容词或副词 + 主语 + 谓语！”How nice the flowers are! 这些花儿多好哇！How fast Tom is riding on his bike! 汤姆骑车多快呀！2) “What + a (an) +形容词 + 单数可数名词 + 主语 +谓语！”What a big apple it is! 多么大的苹果呀！What an interesting book it is! 多么有趣的书呀！,3) “What + 形容词 + 复数名词或不可数名词 +主语 +谓语！”What good students they are! 他们是多好的学生啊！What bad news it is! 多么糟糕的消息呀。4) 在口语中，有时主语、谓语都省略，有时只用一个词或短语，有时省略副词和形容词。如：What a heavy bag! 口袋真重！How nice! 多好啊！Cool! 真酷！How they work!