Chapter-1-Geography--People-and-Language.ppt

1、,A guide to English-speaking countries,1. The necessity of leaning this course 2. How to learn the course more efficiently? Pre-reading work In-class work After-class work Mass Reading Exercise,How many English-speaking countries do you know?,英国,爱尔兰,美国,加拿大,澳大利亚,新西兰,Landmarks & Symbols of London,The

2、palace of Westminster Location of the Houses of Parliament,Dept.of Foreign Studies,Westminster Abbey,Big Ben,Hyde Park,Tower of London Used to be the National prison,Tower Bridge,Buckingham Palace where the King or Queen live,London Eye,The Beatles,British Afternoon Tea,British humor,冷幽默 dry humor 冷

3、笑话 black joke,Different Names for Britain,Why is England or the UK sometimes called Britain? When people say England, they sometimes mean Great Britain, sometimes the United Kingdom, sometimes the British Isles - but never England.,Dept.of Foreign Studies,National Anthem:,“God Save the Queen”,the Br

4、itish Queen:,Queen Elizabeth ,National Day:,the second Thursday in June,Bloody Mary,Elizabeth I Golden Age,unmarried Make the UK become a unit Make economy and culture prosperousShakespeare,Queen Anne,Alexandrina Victoria 64 years Sun-never-set Empire,Elizabeth II,Chapter 1 Geography, People and Lan

5、guage,Part One:Geography,Section One: Geographical Features,1. Do you know the locations of the British Isles?,3. How many parts is Great Britain divided into? And what are they?,4. How many parts is Ireland divide into? And what are they?,2. Which parts make up the British Isles?,Great Britain, Ire

6、land and about 5,000 small islands,The U.K. is made up of parts,England , Scotland, Wales,Northern Ireland,Great Britain,Ireland,four,England: it consists of lowland terrain, with some mountainous terrain in the north-west, north and south-west. Scotland: Its geography is varied, with lowlands in th

7、e south and east and highlands in the north and west. Wales: Its mostly mountainous. South Wales is less mountainous than North and Mid Wales. Northern Ireland: Its mostly hilly. The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands. The east and south-east are mostly lowlands.,Dept.of Foreign Studies,

8、1. England ( part):,the largest,capital city:,London,the second longest river of Britain:,temz the River Thames,“Old Father River”,flows through Oxford and London,Dept.of Foreign Studies,2. Scotland ( part),the second largest,capital city:,Edinburgh edinbr,the largest city in Scotland:,l:su 格拉 Glasg

9、ow 斯哥,one of the most important industries:,tourism,3. Wales ( part),the third largest,capital city:,Cardiff k:dif,its own language:,Welsh,the longest river of Britain:,sevn the Severn River,Dept.of Foreign Studies,4. Northern Ireland ( part),the smallest,capital city:,Belfast ,belf:st,the largest l

10、ake of Britain:,Lough Neagh,the Giants Causeway 巨人之路,Section Two: Climate,Britain is an island country and the surrounding sea gives England a varied climate. We never know what the weather will be like from one day to the other. It can be sunny one day and rainy the next. As we have such a variable

11、 climate changing from day to day, it is difficult to predict the weather.,Dept.of Foreign Studies,Section Two: Climate,temperate maritime climate 温带海洋性气候,the climate type:,summers,warm,winters,cool,precipitation,plentiful,about 20 above 32 ,about 0， seldom goes below -10,William Shakespeare,Shall I

12、 compare thee to a Summers day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:,Climate of Britain,three principal features foggy plentiful rainy days changeable，instable,Section Three: Major Cities,1. London,The capital of England and the United Kingdom the largest city in the country the political, indust

13、rial, cultural, business and financial center of the country,Buckingham Palace白金汉宫,Guildhall 伦敦市政厅,St. Pauls Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂,Big Ben 大本钟,Tower Bridge of London 塔桥,University of London伦敦大学,the British Museum 大英博物馆,the National Gallery 国家美术馆,The Covent Garden科芬园,The Royal Opera House皇家歌剧院,The Royal F

14、estival Hall皇家节日音乐厅,2. Edinburgh,Capital of Scotland administrative, financial, legal, medical and insurance center of Scotland beautiful scenery renowned architecture,University of Edinburgh,3. Cardiff,Europes youngest capital city It has been the capital city of Wales for around 50 years It has re

15、cently become one of the most fashionable cities in the United Kingdom.,City Hall,Cardiff University,4. Belfast,capital of Northern Ireland the second largest city an important historic city,City Hall,City Hall,Titanic,Population distribution： Britain has a population of about 63 millions and it is

16、very unevenly distributed. 90% of the population is urban and only 10% is rural.,Part Two: People,1.the earliest known inhabitants in Britain:,the Celtic people,most of the Welsh, Scottish and Irish people,ancestors,2. the invaders:,the Anglo-Saxons,the Angles,the Saxons,the Jutes,the majority of th

17、e British,ancestors,Part Three: The English Language,1.English,Indo-European Family,Germanic group,East Germanic,West Germanic,North Germanic,French, German, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Greek,2.the development of English:,Old English,Middle English,Modern English,language of the Anglo-Saxons,Celtic,Old Norse,Old English,Norman Conquest,the first Norman king of England,William the Conqueror,Middle English was deeply influenced by,French.,English,French,Modern English,3. Standard English,Queens English BBC Eng