被动语态 (3)

1、The Passive Voice 被动语态,语 态 分 类,英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 例如：Many people speak English. He opened the door.他开了门 We can repair this watch in two days. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 例如 English is spoken by many people. The door was opened.门被开了。 This watch can be repaired by us in two days.,2. 被动语态的构成:,“助

2、动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。即：be+vt.p.p,助动词be的变化是根据人称、数和时态的变化表现出来的。,3、 被动动态的使用：,不知道 或没必要说出 动作的执行者时，用被动语态。,强调动作的承受时，用被动语态，可带by短语。,4、及物 动词才有被动语态。 被动语态的主语大多数是物。,1.Bananas are grown in Hainan.(海南种植香焦。）,2.Many more trees will be planted in our school next year.（我们学校明年将种更多的树。）,3.Were the trees planted by him.这些树是他种的

3、吗？,9. The young trees must be look after well.(必须照看好小树）,5. The building is being built. (那栋楼房正在建设中。）,6.The homework has been finished yet. （家作已经做完了。）,1. He teaches English in our school.,English is taught in our school by him.,语态转换,2 We clean our classroom every day.,Our classroom is cleaned by us e

4、very day,宾提前变主，主变介by宾，被动语态： be加P P（过去分词）,时态看主动,请看主动语态和被动语态结构的转换： 主动语态:主语谓语宾语 被动语态:例： We clean our classroom every day.,主 语,by+宾语,be+过去分词,Our classroom,is cleaned,by us,every day,注意 把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子的时态不能变。如上例，所给的主动句子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时也要用一般现在时。 如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改为被动句时作介词by的宾语，要用宾格。如上例中的主语we改为us。,一般现在时 amis a

5、re + v.p.p.,1一般现在时的被动语态：,We use a recorder in our English class every day,被动语态的构成：be +vt.p.p.,.,A knife is used for cutting. A knife is not used for cutting. Is a knife used for cutting ? Yes, it is . No, it isnt.,People grow bananas in Hainan.,Bananas are grown in Hainan.,A recorder is used in our

6、English class every day.,We planted many trees last years.,Many trees were planted by us last year.,一般过去时的被动语态： was/were+vt.P.P,He cleaned the classroom yesterday.,The classroom was cleaned yesterday.,2.一般过去时的被动语态：,The car steal three days ago.,The trees plant ten years ago.,When the TV invent?,My m

7、aths book (not bringthis morning .,was stolen,were planted,wasnt brought,was,invented,3.情态动词的被动语态,He can repair this watch in to days,This watch can be repaired in two days.,We should plant these trees at once,These trees should be planted at once,含情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词+be +vt.P.P,He will teach Unit 7.,Un

8、it 7 will be taught by her.,一般将来时的被动语态： Will/shall+be +vt.PP,They will plant many more trees next year,More trees next year will be planted by them next year,4.一般将来时的被动语态：,Many countries have sent up satellites into space.,Satellites have been sent up into space by many countries .,现在完成时的被动语: Have/h

9、as+been +PP,I have given the book to the library,The book has been given to the library,5.现在完成时的被动语:,现在进行时的被动语态： be+being+pp,Our teacher is teaching Unit 6.,They are watering the flowers.,Unit 6 is being taught by Ourteacher .,The flowers are being planted by them,6. 现在进行时的被动语态：,I was given a book b

10、y her.,A book was given to me by her.,She gave me a book.,如 遇双宾语，最好变间宾（人），如若变直宾（物），间宾前加介词to/for（give pass,lend,write, buy）,Her father bought her a new watch,She was bought a new watch by her father,A new watch was bought for her by her father,7.含有双宾语的被动语态,He made me do the work.,I was made to do the

11、 work by him.,这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来(listen to , hear ,look at , see, watch ,feel, make/have, let ,help),8.主动语态中动词不定式作宾语补足语省略to,I saw many students play soccer on the playground,Many students were saw to play soccer on the playground,They take good care of the baby.,The baby is taken good care

12、of by them.,注意：含动词短语的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。,9. 含动词短语的被动语态，,The young trees must be look after well,We must look after the trees well,1.Bananas in Hainan.(海南种植香焦。）,2.Many more trees in our school next year.（我们学校明年将种更多的树。）,3. the trees by him.这些树是他种的吗？,9. The young trees well.(必须照看好小树）,5. The build

13、ing (那栋楼房正在建设中。）,6.The homework yet. （家作已经做完了。）,are grown,will be planted,Were,planted,must be look after,is being built,has been finished,. 1.Stamps_by people for sending letters. A.use B.using C.used D.are used. 2.Must old people_ to politely? A.speak B.spoken C.be spoke D.be spoken 3. Bike mustnt

14、_ everywhere A.be up B.be put C.put C.putting 4.The old man and the children_ in ourcountry. A.must take good care . B.must be take good care of C.must take good care of D.must be taken good care of 5.All trees must_well when it is dry. A.be water B.watering C.water D.be watered,D,D,B,D,D,将下列句子变为被动语

15、态，每空一词。1. We can finish the work in two days. The work _ _ _ in two days.2. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk _ _ in Suzhou.3. The children will sing an English song. An English song _ _ _ by the children. 4. You neednt do it now. It _ _ _ by you now.5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.A New Year Card _ _ _ me by Lucy last week. 6.He