《天然药化课件英》PPT课件.ppt

1、Natural Products Chemistry,唐万侠 (Tang Wanxia),2012-2013(2),Bilingual Teaching Methods,Explain the knowledge in English and Chinese. Pay attention to the culture exchange in the world. Improve the ability to utilize specialty English.,Examination for Natural Products Chemistry,Selective Course,1. Come

2、 to the class on time: 10 2. Behaviour in class: 10 3. Class note: 10 4. Examination at the end of the class: 70 Note: Someone cant be allowed to come to the examination if he is absent from the class more than 6 times.,Class Contents,Chapter 1 Introduction,Chapter 2 Saccharide and Glycosides,Chapte

3、r 3 Phenylpropanoids,Chapter 4 Quinones,Chapter 5 Flavonoids,Chapter 6 Terpenoids and Volatile oils,Chapter 7 Triterpenoids and Saponins,Chapter 8 Steroides and Glycosides,Chapter 9 Alkaloids,Chapter 10 Marine Natural Products,糖和苷,苯丙素类化合物,醌类化合物,黄酮类化合物,萜类和挥发油,三萜及其苷类,甾体及其苷类,生物碱,海洋天然药物,1、Outline,3、Extr

4、act and isolation methods,4、Structural elucidation methods,2、Biosynthesis,Chapter 1 Introduction,1、Outline,Definition: Natural products chemistry is a subject to research the chemical constituents of natural medicinal plants on the base of modern scientific theory and methods. Contents：Structural ch

5、aracteristics, physicochemical properties, extract and isolation methods, and structural elucidation of the chemical constituents of all kinds of natural medicinal plants.,Research resource: Natural plants (major), animals, minerals, and microorganism.,1、Outline,Natural medicinal plants herb medicin

6、e,麻黄 (Ephedra spp.),1、Outline,1、Outline,槐花米 （Sophora japonica）,1、Outline,1、Outline,Developments in foreign countries, In 1769, tartar (potassium hydrogen tartrate) was transferred to calcium salt and decomposed in sulphuric acid to produce tartaric acid. (K. W. Schelle, Swedish) In 1804, morphine wa

7、s isolated from opium (Dorosine, French) In 1806, morphine was isolated from opium (Serturner, German) In 1810-1860, the period of alkaloid development,1、Outline,Spectroscopic analysis: NMR, MS, IR, and UV. Research methods: extract and isolation guided by bioactive scanning, structural modification

8、, and total synthesis.,1、Outline,Development of nowadays,1、Outline,3、Extract and isolation methods,4、Structural elucidation methods,2、Biosynthesis,Chapter 1 Introduction,2、Biosynthesis,CO2,H2O,葡萄糖代谢,磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸,丙酮酸,乙酰辅酶A,丙二酸甲酰辅酶A,甲羟戊酸,萜类,甾类,胡萝卜素类,4-磷酸,脂肪酸类,前列腺素类,脂肪族及芳 香族聚酮类,醌类,-氨基乙酰丙酸,胆碱、卟啉类,鞣酸类,莽草酸,苯丙

9、素类,芳香族氨基酸,脂肪族氨基酸,嘌呤、嘧啶,核苷酸类,肽类,含氮化合物,生物碱类,黄酮类,h,Results of biosynthesis, Any kind of plant will produce some specific constituents to express their physiological and biochemical characteristics. The constituents of some same family plants were different with the long history development, but the ske

10、leton of which are consistent, only the side chain was isomerized. The constituents indicated the developing direction of some family plants in the biosynthetic recycle system. Similar relative plants possess similar constituents.,2、Biosynthesis,The similar structure components maybe originate from

11、the same precursor in biosynthesis, which provide a direction to study plant chemical category and find new natural medicinal plant resource. For example: C5 is the basic skeleton in terpenoids, which exhibit the same biosynthetic route in terpenoids-isoprene rule.,2、Biosynthesis,H2C,CH,CH2,H3C,Basi

12、c structure unit, C2 unit (acetic acid): fatty acid, phenol, benzoquinone. C5 unit (isoprene): terpenoids and steroids. C6-C3 unit: coumarin and lignan, which belong to phenylpropanoids. Amino acid unit: Alkaloids. Composite unit: Constructed by the above units.,2、Biosynthesis,Biosynthetic pathways,

13、 In natural products chemistry field, many researchers noticed the relationship between the structures of natural compounds. Accordingly, they hand in the hypothesis of biosynthesis, some of which were certified by isotopic label experiments. We called these as biosynthetic pathways: Acetate-malonat

14、e pathway (AA-MA, 醋酸-丙二酸途径) Mevalonic acid pathway (MVA, 甲戊二羟酸途径) Cinnamic acid and shikimic acid pathways (桂皮酸及莽草酸途径) Amino acid pathway (氨基酸途径) Composite pathway (复合途径),2、Biosynthesis,Acetate-malonate pathway (AA-MA, 醋酸-丙二酸途径),乙酰辅酶A,丙二酸单酰辅酶A,还原,NADPH,NADP,缩合,+CH2,COOH,CO,ACP,NADPH,NADP,CH3(CH2)nCO

15、OH,（脂肪酸）,酚类和蒽醌类,缩合,1、Outline,3、Extract and isolation methods,4、Structural elucidation methods,2、Biosynthesis,Chapter 1 Introduction,Summary 1、The definition and research contents of this subject. 2、Modern techniques used in natural products research. 3、Four different biosynthesis pathways.,Problems 1、What are the definition and research contents of Natural Products Chemistry?,1. 杨世林, 天然药物化学M, 2010, 科学出版社. 2. Paul M Dewick, Medicinal Natural Products M, 1998, Wiley. 3. Journal of Natural Products J. 4. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters J. 5. Tetrahedron Letters J. 6. Tetr