初中英语名词性从句详解

1、.,名词性从句,.,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,主语从句在句中做- 宾语从句在句中做- 表语从句在句中做- 同位语从句在句中-,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,1. That he will come is certain.,2. I know that he will come.,3. The truth is that I have been there.,4. The fact that she was late surprised us.,.,为什么叫名词性从句？ _,整个从句相当于一个名词,比较:,The man looked around. That the b

2、oy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother.,同样作主语，从句可以表示较复杂的含义,一般是个动作或性质,I know him. I know that he is writing his composition in his room,2. 为什么要有名词性从句？,那人看了看四周. (名词作主语),那孩子考试又不及格令他母亲很失望. (从句作主语),我知道他在房间里写作文.,从句的特征:,是一个句子,有一个引导词,引导词做从句的一个成分 (that 除外),名词能做的成分,从句都能做,从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多,.,主语从句,tha

3、t whether who whom whose what which when where why how,从 句 引导词:,1. That he knows Japanese is known to all.,他懂英语,这一点大家都知道,令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他.,3. When he will come is unknown .,4. Whether he is coming doesnt matter much.,他来不来没什么要紧的,他什么时候来不清楚.,他们是怎么登上山顶的仍是个秘密.,5. It remains a secret how they climbed up the m

4、ountain.,主语从句的位置 1.在句首 2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用 It,主语太长了!放到句尾,That无词义,不可省略,What “什么”, “所.的”,2. What surprised me was to see him here .,When “什么时候”,主语从句不用 if,位于句首,.,It 作主语的常用句型有:,1. It + be +形容词 + that 从句,2. It + be +名称词组(duty/pity.) + that 从句,3. It + be + 过去分词(said/thought.) + that 从句,4. It +不及物动词(seem/h

5、appen.) + that 从句,It is a pity that we cant go swimming.,It is said that he told her everything.,It happened that I was out that day.,It is certain that he will do well in the exam.,真可惜我们不能去游泳. 碰巧那天我外出了. 他考试肯定会考好. 据说他已告诉了她一切.,注意: It looked that he was right. ( ) 可以说: It looks as if.,happen只有 it 句型,I

6、t is said只有 it 句型,More,.,用形式主语 it 的主语从句常见结构,It is clear (necessary, important, possible,remarkable that 很清楚（必要, 重要,可能, 值得注意等),It is a fact (a good thing, good news) that 事实是 ( 好事是,好消息是),It is well-known ( reported, recorded, estimated,said, believed) that众所周知( 据报道,据记载,据说,据估计),It turns out ( seems, h

7、appens, appears) that 结果是 ( 似乎是, 碰巧是, 好象是),It has been found (has been proved,can be seen,must be pointed out) that 已发现( 已证明,可以看出,需指出),.,用 it 句型翻译:,据说今年高一学生要学新教材. 事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务. 碰巧他们已经参加过军训了. 众所周知, 比尔 盖茨是世界上最富有的人. 我们应该养成好的学习习惯这很重要.,It is said that the Senior Grade one students will learn a new te

8、xt this year.,It is a fact that they finished all the work by themselves.,It happened that they had had their military training.,It is well-known that Bill Gates is the richest person in the world.,It is important that we (should) form a good habit of studying.,Note: It is important/necessary/natura

9、l/our duty/essential/strange that sb (should) do sth. 固定句型, should可以省略,翻译: 真奇怪他今天竟然迟到了.,It is strange that he should be late today.,strange不省略should为好,.,表语从句,1. The truth is that he has never been to the countryside.,2. The question is whether w can finish the experiment by Friday.,3. It looks as if

10、 it were going to rain.,实际情况是他从未去过农村. that 一般不省略,问题在于我们能否在明天下午之前完成这项实验. 表语从句不用 if,4. This school is no longer what it was before.,这所学校已不再是从前的那个样子了. what =the thing that,More,系动词后面,.,注意下列表语从句中where, how, why 的译法,This is where Lu Xun once lived. That was how they won the match. This is why she got up

11、so early this morning.,这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.,他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的.,这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.,我们就是这样克服困难的. 那就是他昨天缺席的原因. 这就是我们上星期碰头的地方.,This is / That was how we overcame the difficulties.,That is why he was absent yesterday.,This is where we met last Sunday.,This is 总是现在时That is 表示性质 That was 指过去动作,固定句型: This is where T

12、his is why This is how.,这就是的地方,这就是的原因,这就是的方法,.,宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略： （1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省； （2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。 （3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.,宾语从句,.,whether与if的辨用,表“是否”时，在下列

13、情况下用whether。 a. 主语从句b. 表语从句c. 同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从句f.后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.) g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if,.,1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句 a.当whether后紧跟or not时,不用if. eg: I dont know whether or not I will stay. b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. eg: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.,2.注意 whether和if的使用区别,.,Practi

14、ce time,if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.8. I dont know _ to go.,if / whether,whether,whether /if,whether,whether,.,I doubt if / whether he will pass the exam. I dont doubt that we wil

15、l win the match. Do you doubt that he did it on his own?,doubt问题,肯定句中用 if / whether,否定句中用 that,疑定句中用 that,I doubt _he is telling the truth. We never doubt _ the plan will be carried out . Does he doubt _ you are from Austria? Im doubtful _ he will agree to this.,if / whether,that,that,if / whether,.

16、,同位语从句,被修饰词有: fact, news, hope, opinion, order, question, problem, belief, truth, theory, decision, discovery, conclusion, promise, rumor, fear, thought, suggestion, plan, idea,同位语从句说明它们的内容,常见引导词: that , whether ( if ), how, wh- 疑问词,The fact that deeds are better than words is quite clear. The quest

17、ion how I did it is hard to answer. They had no idea where they should go to find some food. The question whether he comes or not is not important. ( if ) A thought came to me that he might be in the library.,事实胜于雄辨这一道理非常清楚.,我怎么做的这一问题难回答.,他们根本不知去哪儿找食物,他是否来这个问题不重要.,我突然想到他可能在图书馆. 被别的词隔开,that 无词义,.,1.T

18、wo thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.,2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night.,_,The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.,_,We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.,.,4.Time travel is possible./ There is no