unit2 cloning where is it leading us 课文逐句翻译

1、the return of the dinosaurs?,克隆：它将把我们引向何方？,the possibility of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals has always excited film makers.,克隆一直与我们同在，而如今它还要持续下去（而且得到了普遍认可）。,and they are not the only ones!,它是一种精确的复制另一种动植物的方法。,the popularity of films such as jurassic park, in which a scientist clones severa

2、l kinds of extinct dinosaurs,当园艺师从生长着的植物上剪下枝条来培植新植物时，就会产生这种现象。,proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples hearts.,这种现象也发生在动物身上，当性别和外表上一模一样的双胞胎从同一个原生卵子上被产出，（也是克隆）。,but in fact we are a long way from being able to clone extinct animals.,实际上，这些都是自然克隆的例子。,scientists are sti

3、ll experimenting with cloning mammals.,克隆技术有两大主要用途。第一，园艺师一直用它去生产商业用的大量植物；,this is because the cloning of mammals is still a new science and its story only began seriously in the 1950s as this list shows:,第二，它在对新植物物种的研究及对动物的医学研究上都是很有价值的。,from time to time people suggest that extinct animals like dino

4、saurs, can possibly be brought back to life through cloning.,但是最终，在1996年，科学家的决心和耐心得到了回报，有了突破克隆羊“多莉”。,unfortunately, with what we know now, this is either impossible or unsuitable. there are many reasons.,它的程序如下图所示：,the initial requirement is that you need perfect dna (which gives information for how

5、 cells are to grow).,一方面，整个科学界都在关注着首例成功的克隆动物多莉羊的成长的过程.,all efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses.,多莉看来是在正常地成长的事实，很令人鼓舞。,diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways.,接着传来了多莉已经病重的坏消息。,t

6、he advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die,研究克隆的科学家沮丧地发现，多莉的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上,but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.,多莉总共只存活了六年半，是它的原型羊寿命的一半。,the great drawback to cloning a group of animals is that they would all

7、have the same arrangement of genes and so might die of the same illness.,可悲的是，同样无法控制的命运也在影响着其他物种，如克隆鼠。,the questions that concerned all scientists were: would this be a major difficulty for all cloned animals?,让所有的科学家担忧的问题是：“这是不是所有克隆动物的一个主要困难呢？,would it happen forever? could it be solved if correcti

8、ons were made in their research procedure?,这种现象会不会永远发生？如果在研究程序上做一些改进，问题会不会解决？,on the other hand, dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.,另一方面，多莉的出生引起了一阵强烈的反对，也对媒体和公众的想象力产生（有）了巨大的影响。,it became controversial.,it became controversial.,它

9、变成了争议。,it suddenly opened everybodys eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses and even to produce human beings.,它突然打开了人们的眼界，看到了可能：用克隆技术来治疗重病，甚至制造出人类。,although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain,尽管目前用于克隆研究所需的人体卵细胞和胚胎还很难

10、得到，,newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions.,但报纸报道说，有些邪恶头目希望克隆自己以实现他们的野心。,religious leaders also raised moral questions. governments became nervous and more conservative.,宗教领袖也提出了道德方面的问题。各国政府变得紧张不安而且更加保守。,some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning,有些（政府）开始改革司法体系，明令禁止对克隆人类的研究。,but other countries like china and the uk, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.,但是其他国家如中国和英国，则还在继续收集克隆技术有可能提供丰富的医疗救助的证据。,h