packing.ppt

1、某出口公司对外报价USD200/M/T FOB Xingang.国外回电要求改报CFR旧金山，且货去旧金山要装美国船，该船公司用美制，按短吨收费，每运费吨为50 美元，问我方如何报价？,统一度量衡即可。 1短吨=50美元 907/1000=50/x X=55.13 200+55.13=255.13=CFR 或者；1000/907=1.13023 1.13023*50=55.13,在出口大宗初级产品的合同中规定单价为USD230 M/T，共出口30，000公吨，3%more or less at sellers option. 备货时， 该产品价格上涨，问卖方交货时应交多少？,根据跟单信用证统一

2、惯例规定，约数可解释为交货数量有不超过10%的增减幅度。除非L/C规定货物的指定数量不得有所增减，在所支付款项不超过L/C金额的条件下，货物数量允许有5%的增减幅度。但L/C规定数量如果以包装单位或个数计算时，此项增减幅度不适用。,若是买方，则应在合同中如何规定？ 答：卖方应少交3%。买方应在合同中与卖方约定溢短装的计价标准。,合同中对数量的规定是：about 500 M/T 或 500M/T 5% more or less at sellers option.两种规定对买卖双方有无区别？,答：有。区别1： 若用L/C并按 UCP的话，about “约”=10% 所以与5%的溢短装范围不同。在

3、后一种情况下卖方最多可交525公吨，最少可交475公吨。同时要规定溢短装的价格。,我方出口科威特冻羊肉20公吨,USD400FOBM/T 成交。合同规定数量机动幅度为10%，开来信用证，金额为8000美元，数量为20公吨。我方按22公吨发货，持单议付遭拒。,评：按UCP500规定，不超过信用证金额。应要求买方修改信用证，改为8800美元。,我方出口散矿砂500公吨，合同没规定溢短装条款，且禁止分批装运。买方开立的信用证上写明five hundred metric tons only.但我方在港口堆放的只有490公吨，问我方如何处理？,答： 1. 修改信用证，删掉only 2. 买方向船公司交保

4、函，承担短交责任，则船公司开立500公吨的清洁提单，以便卖方议付。,某公司对中东出口电扇1000台，来电不许分批装运，但装船时发现有40台包装破裂，临时更换已来不及，为保证质量，且发货人认为按UCP500规定，数量可以有5%伸缩，所以最后实装960台。后我方去银行议付遭拒。,评：5%溢短装条款只适用于大宗商品，若货物以包装或个数计数，则不适用。,公量： 某厂出口生丝10公吨，双方约定标准回潮率为11%，用科学仪器抽水后，生丝净重8公吨，求公量： 公量=8*（1+11%）=8.88公吨。,a contract to export 10M/T of raw silk The conditioned

5、 weight is used and the standard regain rate is 10% stipulated in the contract. If actual regain rate is 21% when shipment is made, How many metric tons of raw silk should be delivered to fulfil the contract?,11M/T,PACKING,Classification to make the products convenient to use; to make the goods easy

6、 to store and ship.,Types of transport packing Criteria: nature of cargo Bulk cargo/cargo in bulk散装货 Goods like grains, coal, crude oil are in bulk, i.e. they can be loaded directly into the transportation vehicles with mechanical operation. naked packing/nude cargo裸装货 Goods like steel, timber need

7、only to be bundled up. General merchandises need adequate packing various types which can be divided into 2 kinds.,Save cost of carriage Speed up carriage,Unit packing 单件包装 goods are packed in unit. Refer to textbook p42 Case:箱 Wood case, crate 板条箱，carton 纸板箱 corrugated carton 瓦楞纸箱， skeleton case漏孔箱

8、 Bundle, bale 包 Bag袋: Gunny bag麻袋, cloth bag, plastic bag, paper bag; Drum, cask桶 Wooden cask, iron drum, plastic cask Bottle, can, Unionization/combined packing 集合包装 It refers to putting the individual packing together and place them into a larger container. e.g pallet, flexible container 集装袋 advan

9、tage: protect goods effectively, improve efficiency, save packing cost and freight.,Container terminal of Qingdao Port,Marks on transport packing Marks on transport packing help to identify goods, and facilitate correct operation. Classification criterion: functions Shipping mark 运输标志/麦头 Main Mark 主

10、/正麦 It facilitates the identification and count of the goods in the process of loading and unloading, shipping and storing. It can also prevent the goods from being wrongly delivered or shipped. Usually composed of numbers, alphabets and simple words. The UN has recommended a type of standard shippi

11、ng mark to all countries, which cover four parts: the English abbreviation of the receiver; reference number, such as order number, invoice number; destination; serial number.,1,2,3,4,e.g. ABCCO SC9750 LONDON No. 4-20 Shipping mark is usually indicated in export documents like invoice, bill of ladin

12、g, and insurance policy. Indicative mark指示性标志 is a caution mark,注意标志 which reminds people of carefulness in handling or carrying goods. Usually composed of graphs and words,The following are frequently found on the exterior of the package: Bottom 底端 Top顶端 Center of Gravity重心点 Keep Cool 保持凉爽 Keep Dry

13、 保持干燥 Guard Against Damp 防潮 Stow away from Heat 切勿受热 Do Not Drop 切勿乱摔 Do Not Crush 切勿挤压 No Turning over切勿倒置 No Dumping 切勿投掷 Handle with Care 小心轻放,Keep Flat 必须平放 Not to be Laid Flat 切勿平放 Keep Upright 保持竖立 Keep in Dark Place暗处存放 Stow away from Heat 切勿受热 Guard Against Damp 防潮 Keep in Dark Place暗处存放 Kee

14、p Cool 保持凉爽 Keep Dry保持干燥 Do Not Crush 切勿挤压 Do Not Drop 切勿乱摔 No Dumping 切勿投掷 No Turning over切勿倒置,Perishable Goods易腐物品 Glass玻璃制品 Fragile 易碎物品 Porcelain, With Care 小心，瓷器 Liquid 液体 Open Here此处打开 Sliding Here从此处吊起 This Side Up此端向上 Use No Hooks请勿用钩,Warning mark 警告性标志 also called dangerous mark 危险品标志 is us

15、ed to indicate explosive, poisonous, inflammable goods. also composed of graphs or pictures and words. The following may be used as warning marks printed on the outer package: Inflammable Compressed Gas易燃压缩气体 Explosives 爆炸品 Corrosives腐蚀品 Poison 有毒品 Material Radioactives放射物品 Hazardous Article 危险物品 Ox

16、idizing Material氧化剂,Weight and volume mark侧麦 Side Mark N/M Weight such as gross weight, net weight and volume is usually marked on the transport packing to facilitate the arrangement of storing, loading and unloading as well as liner space. e.g. N.W: 11.3 KG G.W: 16.4 KG MEAS: 45*50*65cm Origin mark

17、 The origin of the goods is the basis of customs statistics and duties and is indicated in the certificate of origin. But we generally mark the origin on both the inner packing and the outer packing. e.g. MADE IN CHINA,Packing clause Packing clause is often one of the major trade clauses in a contra

18、ct. In contract, the packing material and the way of packing are usually stipulated. e.g. Packing: in cartons containing 30 doz. Each. Packing: in wooden cases of 50 kilos net each. 1.two dozen to one carton, gross weight around 25 kilos a carton. 2.Ten bottles are put into a box and 100 boxes into

19、a carton. 3.In cartons or crates of about 12kg net, each fruit wrapped with paper. 4.In cloth bales of 80 sets, each set packed in a poly bag. 5.Each set packed in one export carton, each 810 cartons transported in one 40ft container. 一纸箱装两打，每箱毛重25公斤。 10支装入一小盒，100盒装入一个纸箱。 纸箱或空格木箱装，每箱净重约12公斤，每颗纸包。 布包

20、，每包80套，每套塑料袋装。 每台装一个出口纸箱，810纸箱装一只40英尺集装箱运送。,Ambiguous terms like “seaworthy packing” 适合海运包装or “customary packing”习惯包装，“sellers usual packing” 卖方惯用包装 are not applicable, since disputes may arise. Packing marks: Usually, there is no need to stipulate packing marks in the contract, as they are usually

21、decided by the seller. But on condition that the buyer nominates it, it is necessary to stipulate the details of the shipping mark. Packing chargespacking charges are usually included in price. But if the buyer asks for special packing, we should make it clear as to who shall bear the additional cha

22、rges. The time and methods of payment should also be stated.,Case 1,甲与乙订立一份CIF合同，甲出售200箱番茄罐头给乙，合同规定为：“每箱24罐100克”，即每箱装24罐，每罐100克。但卖方甲在出货时，却装运了200箱，每箱24罐，每罐200克。货物的重量虽然比合同多了一倍，但买方乙拒绝收货，并主张撤销合同。在上述情况下，买方乙有没有这种权利？为什么？,Case 2,某公司出口自行车800辆。合同规定用木箱包装，信用证亦规定：PACKED IN WOODEN CASE C.K.D.。我公司对C.K.D.三个字母的含义并不清

23、楚，亦未引起注意，仍按平时习惯将自行车半拆卸后装入木箱，并在发票及有关单证上照样打上C.K.D.。结果货到目的港被海关罚款，买方因此向我方索赔。为什么？ C.K.D:complete knock down 全部拆开,Case 3,我方出口一批货物，合同规定由我方出唛，所以我方在备货时就刷了唛。就在要装运时， 对方来信用证又规定了唛头，我方应如何处理？ 改证 重新刷唛，买方付费。,Translate the following packing clauses into Chinese。 1) To be packed in new gunny containing about 100kgs an

24、d each bag shall weigh 1.15kgs with allowance of 0.1 kgs. 2) Packing and marking shall be at the sellers option. In case special instructions are necessary, they shall be intimated to the seller in time so as to enable the seller to comply with them. 3) Packing must be suitable for ocean shipment and sufficiently strong to withstand rough handling