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1、,Lord of the Flies,张艳 西语 一班 2010061003,Lets have a review,William Langland (13301440) Piers the Plowman 耕者皮尔斯 William Shakespeare (15641616) 154 sonnets,37 plays(14comedies,12tragidies 11 historical works), two long poems William Blake (17571827) Songs of Innocence 天真之歌 Songs of Experience 经验之歌 Will
2、iam Wordsworth (17701850) “Lake Poets” Lyrical Ballads 抒情歌谣集 William Makepeace Thackeray (18111863) Vanity Fair 名利场,the important point of the novel,Author Main characters of the novel Plot Themes Symbols,(19111994)was a English novelist, he won the Booker Prize for Fiction in 1980, and the Nobel Pr
3、ize for Literature in 1983. His first novel was immediate success.,William Golding,William Golding,Lord of the Flies,The Inheritors(1955), Pincher Martin(1956), Free Will(1955), The Spire(1964),science,William Golding,Two years later,English literature,During world war ,British Royal Navy,He hated t
4、he German fascist who murdered the Jews,After war,Lord of the Flies,The Inheritors,Pincher Martin,Free Will,The Spire,Golding himself was a religious man who followed the Puritan tradition which emphasized Original Sin, and this idea strongly influenced his literary creation.,Oxford University,A fab
5、le is a veiled story about the truth of human existence.The theme is the dark sideor evilof human nature.,Main characters of the novel,Ralph (拉尔夫) ,the novels protagonist, who represents the civilizing instinct within human beings.,Jack (杰克),the novels antagonist, one of the older boys stranded on t
6、he jungle island . On the island, jack is the leader of the hunters, he represents the instinct of savagery within human beings.,Main characters of the novel,Simon (西蒙)is in some ways the only naturally “good” Character on the island, he represents a kind of natural goodness.,Piggy (猪崽子)Ralphs “lieu
7、tenant, a whiny, intellectual boy, he represents the scientific, rational side of civilization.,Roger (罗杰) Jacks “lieutenant” A sadistic ,cruel older boy who murders Piggy by rolling a boulder into him.,Lord of the Flies,Lord of the Flies write in 1954 and film in 1963. It tells a story about the fa
8、te of a group of English schoolboys who are marooned and become isolated, Which is an allegory about the tragedy of human nature.,Lord of the Flies,有一群孩子乘着飞机路过海上时发生了坠机事件并困在了一个荒岛上。最初孩子们齐心协力,共同应付随之而来的种种困难。但由于对“野兽”的恐惧使孩子们渐渐分裂成两派,代表理智与文明的一派与代表野性与原始的一派,最终爆发了两派中的矛盾。,plot,A plane crashed, a group of boys c
9、ame to an isolated island Ralph was selected to be a leader and “piggy” found aconch which Ralph uses as a horn They created the fire for rescue with Piggys glasses, and, for a time, the boys work together for building house and looking for food,A naval officer landed on the island near where Ralph
10、was lying, and his sudden appearance brought the childrens fighting to an abrupt halt. Upon learning of the boys activities, the officer initially believed them only to be playing a game. In the end, Ralph cried sadly for the island had been a bloody place.,Themes,Civilization Savagery (文明与野蛮) The c
11、onflict between the two instincts is the driving force of the novel, explored through the dissolution of the young English boys civilized, moral, disciplined behavior as they accustom themselves to a wild, brutal, barbaric life as savages in the jungle. 作品揭示了,一群英国少年在逐步适应了丛林中如野人般的狂放不羁,凶残,野蛮的生活方式后渐渐抛弃
12、了文明,道德,有原则的行为模式,并以此诠释了两种天性的冲突。,Themes,Loss of innocence (童心泯灭) As the boys on the island progress from well-behaved, orderly children who hope to be rescued to cruel, bloodthirsty hunters who have no desire to return to civilization, they naturally lose the sense of innocence that they possessed at
13、the beginning of the novel. 海岛上的男孩在从一群举止良好,秩序井然,渴望得救的孩子们逐步变成残忍,嗜血,不愿重返文明社会的猎手过程中,自然而然地丧失了他们在作品开头所拥有的童稚之心,Themes,Innate human evil (性本恶) morality as an imposed set of socially conditioned behaviors 道德是受社会约束的强制性行为 Christian iconography 基督教形象 the use of superstition and religion as methods of obtaining
14、 power over others 利用迷信与宗教获取控制他人的权利,Symbols,The conch shell (海螺) becomes a powerful symbol of civilization and order; it is an actual vessel of political legitimacy (政治的合理性)and democratic power.,Piggys Glasses(猪崽子的眼镜) represent the power of science and intellectual endeavor (知识的探寻)in society.,The si
15、gnal fire (信号火堆) as a kind of measuring stick by which the strength of the civilized instinct on the island can be judged.(测量文明天性的尺码),Symbols,The beast (野兽) which frightens all the boys, stands for the primal instinct of savagery that exists within all human beings.(人类心中原始野蛮天性),The lord of the flies
16、 (蝇王) is the bloody sows head that Jack impales on a strake in forest the beast, a symbol of the power of the evil, and a kind of Satanic figure who evokes the beast within each human being. (蝇王是一直血淋淋的母猪头,杰克将其钉在了林中空地的一根木棒上作为献给野兽的供品,象征了邪恶的力量,而且成为撒旦式的形象唤起每个人心中的兽性),Lord of the Flies,“蝇王”来源于希伯来语,原词为“Bee
17、lzebub” (又有说此词出自阿拉伯语)。 在英语中,“蝇王”则是粪便与丑恶之王(或污物之王),在圣经中,“Beelzebub”被当作“万恶之首”。 在小说里,蝇王不只是象征着丑恶的悬挂着的猪头,更代表的是人性最深层的黑暗面,是无法避免的劣根性。,Question and Answer,What does it mean to say that Lord of the Flies is an allegorical novel?,Lord of the Flies is an allegorical novel because its important characters and objects directly represent the books themes and ideas.,Question and Answer,Is there a difference between Ralph and Simon in their goodness ?,The two boys are motivated toward goodness by different sources. For Simon, goodness is not a restraint forces upon him by civilization. Inste
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