高中英语时态讲解.ppt

1、时态讲解,时态 （1）一般现在时 （2）一般过去时 （3）一般将来时 （4）现在进行时 （5）过去进行时 （6）现在完成时,am (is are)/ do /does,was /were/ did,will do / will be,am (is, are) doing,was (were) doing,have/has done,28. Paul and I _ tennis yesterday. He did much better than I. A. play B. will play C. playedD. are playing 29. Wheres Tom? His mother

2、 _ him now. A. is looking forB. will look for C. Has looked forD. looks for 31. My aunt is a writer. She _ more than ten books since 1980. A. writes B. wroteC. has written D. will write 32.-What were you doing this time yesterday? -I _ on the grass and drawing a picture. sit B. sat C. am sitting D.

3、was sitting 33. I will send you an e-mail as soon as I_ in Canada. arrive B. arrived C. am arriving D. will arrive 34. Many accidents_ by careless drivers last year. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause,27. -That must have been a long trip. -Yeah, it _ us a whole week to get the

4、re. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking 32. -Bob has gone to California. -Oh, can you tell me when he _? A. has leftB. left C. is leaving D. would leave,时态 （1）一般现在时 （2）一般过去时 （3）一般将来时 （4）现在进行时 （5）过去进行时 （6）现在完成时 （7）过去将来时* （8）过去完成时* （9）将来进行/完成(进行)时* （10）现在/过去完成进行时*,am (is are)/ do /does,was /we

5、re/ did,will do / will be,am (is, are) doing,was (were) doing,would do /would be,will be doing/have done Will have been doing,have/has done,had done,have/has/had been doing,时间,现在,过去,那时所预见的情况,7、过去将来时,一、基本概念： 过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是一个相对的时态，即立足于过去某时，从过去的某一时间看即将发生的事情就要用这一时态。 1) He said his moth

6、er would buy a bike for him. 2) My brother told me he wouldnt believe Jack any more.,二、基本形式： wouldshould动词原形 （其中 would 用于各种人称， should 常用于第一人称）。 例如： They were sure they would win the final victory 他们坚信会赢得最后胜利。 He didnt expect that we should（would）all be there 他没想到我们都在那里。 上述两个例句中的宾语从句谓语 would win 和 sh

7、ould（would）be 分别与其主句谓语 were sure 和 didnt expect 相对应。,三、过去将来时的一些其它表达形式： 1wasweregoing to动词原形 He said he was going to try 他说他准备试试。 2waswereto动词原形 They said the railway was to be opened to traffic on May Day 他们说这条铁路将在五一节通车。 3waswere about动词原形 We were about to go out when it began to rain 我们正要出去天（突然）下起雨

8、来。 4过去进行时（一般多为动作概念较强的动词，如 go，come， leave，start， open，begin 等）也可用于表示将来。 I didnt know when they were coming again 我不知道他们什么时候再来。,8、过去完成时的用法 1、概念：表示过去的过去。,-|-|-|- 那时以前 那时 现在 其结构是：had + 过去分词,2、过去完成时的用法： （1）过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导的时间状语。 By the end of last year we had

9、built five new houses. I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. （2）过去完成时的动词还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者持续下去。 Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.,注）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能 We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.,1

10、. The old man _ two days after he had been sent to hospital. A. died B. would die C. had died D. has died 2. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon _ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned 3. I_my son_ a doctor, but he wasnt good enough at science. A. ho

11、ped; would become B. had hoped; would become C. had hoped; will become D. hope; will become 4. I _ to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away. A. hope B. have hoped C. had hoped D. hoped 5. Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; co

12、mes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come,9、将来进行时 其结构是：will be doing （1）将来进行时概念： 表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。 Shell be coming soon. Ill be meeting him sometime in the future.,（2）将来进行时的用法： a) 表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。如： This time tomorrow I shall be flying to Guangzhou. 明天这个时候我将在飞往

13、广州的途中。 What will you be doing at eight tomorrow morning? 明天上午八点钟你将做什么? I hope you wont be feeling too tired. 我希望你不要太累。 Well be watching television all evening. 我们整个晚上都将看电视。,b) 表示将来被客观情况所决定的动作或者按照安排将要发生的动作。如： Well be having tea after dinner as usual. 像通常一样，我们晚饭后将要喝茶。 The leaves will be falling soon.

14、树叶很快就会脱落。 We shall be having a meeting tomorrow morning. 我们明天要开一个会。 Ill be taking my holidays soon.我不久即将度假。,注意：将来进行时不用于表示意志，不能说 Ill be having a talk with her.,（3）将来进行时常用的时间状语: soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening等。 By this time tomorrow, Ill be

15、 lying on the beach.,10、现在完成进行时其结构是：have (has) been doig 1)表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在。现在这个动作可能已经终止，也可能仍然在进行着。如： I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。(动作不再延续下去) It has been raining for three hours. 雨已经下了三个小时了。(动作可能延续) “How long have you been learning English?” “I have been learning English f

16、or two years.” 你英语学多久了? - 我学了两年了。(动作可能延续) “Why are you so dirty?” “Ive been playing football.” 你身上怎么这样脏? - 我刚才踢足球了。(动作不再延续下去) 2)有些不能用现在进行时态的动词，如be，have like，love，know，see，hear等，不能用现在完成进行时，只用现在完成时。 She has been ill for a long time. 她已经病了好久了。 I have not seen you for ages. 我好久没有见到你了。,各种时态的被动语态 1.一般现在时

17、2.一般过去时 3.一般将来时 4.现在进行时 5.过去进行时 6.现在完成时 7.过去完成时 8.过去将来时,am/is/ are +P.P,was/were + P.P,will +be+ P.P,am/is/ are +being +P.P,was/ were +being +P.P,have/has +been +P.P,had been done,would be done,1.He stepped into the office, _ down and began to fill in the forms. A. sitting B. to sit C. sat D. having

18、 it 2.She said she would telephone but we _from her so far. A.havent heard B.didnt hear C.hadnt heard D.wont hear 3.When I got to the cinema, the film_for ten minutes. A.has begun B.had begun C.had been on D.was 4.Ill go with you as soon as I_my homework. A.will finish B.finish C.am finishing D.fini

19、shed 5.If it_tomorrow,I wont go to the cinema. A.will rain B.rains C.is raining D.rained 6.She is going to be a nurse when she_up. A.is going to grow B.grows C.growing D.grew,7.“这本书我已经买了三个月了。”，下列哪一句不对？ A.I have had this book for three months. B.I have bought this book for three months. C.I bought th

20、is book three months ago. D.It is three months since I bought this book. 8. Come in, Peter, I want to show you something. Oh, how nice of you! I _ you _ to bring me a gift. A.never think; are going B.never thought; were going C.didnt think; were going D.hadt thought; were going 9.When I was at colle

21、ge I _ three foreign languages,but I _ all except for a few words of each. A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten C.had spoken;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten 10.The police found that the house _ and a lot of things _. A.has broken into; has been stolen B.had broken into; had been st

22、olen C.has been broken into; stolen D.had been broken into; stolen,11.The volleyball match will be put off if it_. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining 12.Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 13.The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get

23、 a book she _ in the office. A. had written; left B. were writing; has left C. had written; had left D. were writing; had left 14. Have you moved into the new house? No yet, the rooms _, A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting 15. We havent heard from Jane for a lon

24、g time. What do you suppose _ to her? A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. having happened,16. Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 17. We could have walked to the station.It was so near. Yes, A taxi _ at all necessary

25、. A. wasnt B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wont be 18.If city noises _ from increasing, people _ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to 19.Tom _ into the house when no on

26、e _. A. slipped; was looking B. had slipped; looked C. slipped; had looked D. was slippping; looked 20.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields. A. had seen; was picking B. saw; picking C. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking,四、用法注意点： 1在时间和条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。例如： He said he would come t

27、o see you when he had time 他说他有时间就来看望你。 2“would动词原形”可表示过去习惯性的动作。此时，不管什么人称，都可用would。 When he was a child he would get up early 他年幼时，总是很早起床。,（3）在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. （4）在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived,

28、the thieves had run away. （5）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能 We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. (6)过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, he had beg

29、an to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.,（注）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能 We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.,怎样区别现在完成时和现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时是一兼有现在完成时和现在进行时二者基本特点的时态。由于它有现在完成时

30、的特点，所以它可以表示某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响。由于它有现在进行时的特点，所以它也可以表示某一动作的延续性、临时性、重复性、生动性乃至感情色彩。 现在就现在完成进行时的这些特点和现在完成时作一简单的比较：,（1）现在完成进行时和现在完成时皆可表示动作对现在产生的结果，但前者所表示的结果是直接的，而后者所表示的则是最后的结果。 We have been cleaning the classroom（a） We have cleaned the classroom（b） （a）句可译为“我们打扫教室来着。”其直接结果可能是：我们身上都是灰。（b）句可以译为“我们把教室打扫过了。”其结果是：现在教室很清洁，可以用了。又，（a）句表示教室刚刚打扫过，（b）句则可能表示教室是昨天打扫的。 Be careful! John has been painting the door（a） John has painted the door（b） （a）句表示约翰刚刚把门油漆过，现在油漆还未干，所以你要小心。（b）句则无此含义，油漆可能已干了。,（2）现在完成进行时有时有延续性，现在完成时往往没有。如： They have been widening the road（a） They have widened the r