《英语听说训练》PPT课件.ppt

1、主讲:李欣欣 Lee,英语听说训练,Greeting Making a telephone Family and Hometown China n ; banana bn n 。 2 咧嘴的梅花 与卷舌的长音 r ：美语里不存在 : 音。我们可以参照国际音标简洁地归纳出美语的 音运用规则：英语中原本发 音的，在美语里同样发 音；英语中的 : 音在美语里分别由 与 r 两种形式来对应。但凡英语音标为 : 且单词中对应的是 ar 组合（如 car ），那么美语中的对应音标为 r ，在发音时要注意在收尾时发出 r 音，如 Car ka: k r 。 而对于英语中发 : 但词中无字母 R 的单词（如

2、pass ），美语中则一律发成 音 , 如 Pass pa:s p s 。 在这一点上英美语最有意思的分歧是 CANT 这个词，音标分别是 ca:nt c nt 。,3 a 音。从英美音标对照表中我们能够注意到，美语摒弃了长元音符号 : 。长元音 : 在美语里由 与之对应，而短元音 与长元音 : 则统统由 一个音标与之对应。如 lot l t l t , 在发美音 时，你只要比英音的 口型再大些，时间上拉长一些，接近于或等于英音 : 的口型就行了。这一段讲得比较复杂，做个小结吧： : 与 或 r 对应； 与 对应。美语用 来代替国际音标中的 音是美语中第三个最显著的区别性特征。 4 开放的 音

3、。英美语在 音上的音标书写方法是一致的，然而在实际的发法上，美语的 音较英语的 音口型要放得开一些。如 stuDY ，英音口收得特别紧，听起来如“地”字。而美音呢则开放些，听起来介于 与 e 之间。 5 形存实亡的 音。同 音一样，英美语的 音标虽然拼写一致，但实际的运用却也是不尽相同的。美语里倾向于把英音中的 音多半发成 音，如 hurry, h rr hrr 。 6 憨厚的 u 音。美语用 u 来对应英语的长元音 u: ，短元音 在英美语中则都是一样的 。问题在于，英音中有一个 j 与 u 的组合，即 j u: 音，如 new nju: 。我们已经注意到，英美语辅音拼写只存在两个差异，一个

4、是 - g ，一个是 j - y 。然而英语里发 j u: 的，到了美语里并非单由 yu 来对应，而是分成了两种情况：第一种情况是 j u: - yu ，通常这些单词中都含有字母 Y ，如 You ju: yu ，当然这不是必然条件，如字母 Q kyu ；第二种情况是 j u: - u ，典型的如 new nju: nu 。,7 清音浊化问题。 英语里有一条清辅音浊化规则，亦即当清辅音如 ktptr 等位于字母 S 之后，且该音节为重读音节时，这些清辅音当浊化为 gdbdr 等。而美语里的清音浊化问题则远远超出了上述规定。美语中的另一条常见的清音浊化潜规则：当一个清辅音位于两个元音之间时，该清

5、辅音通常浊化为相应的浊辅音。如 letter let l tr ，美语的实际发音为 l dr 。值得一提的是，浊化并不是说 t 完全变成了 d 音，而是说这个 t 音发得很接近于 d 但又不象 d 发得那样重。 8 美音的简化处理。美语充分利用连读爆破规则，能省则省：这得提一下美语里很特别的那个 h 音，该音在美语里发得很弱很弱，弱到了可以省略的地步，以致于形成了一系列的听音难点。如 Tell him ， Tell her ， 在美语里便可以发成 t l m t lr 。在美语，尤其是美语口语中，还存在着一种让人发晕的省音现象，亦即将多个单词利用连读爆破拼合在一起发出，细分的话这又要分成好几部

6、分，这里只挑重点的说好啦：将 to, of, have, me, you 等虚词与其它词合并到一起，如 gotta （ got to ）， gonna (going to) ， kinda (kind of) ， musta (must have) ， gimme (give me) ， waddya (What do you) ， I dunno (I dont know) 。,Lecture 1 Greeting,1.Hi./Hello. 2.Good morning/afternoon/evening 3.How do you do? 4.How are you/ you getting

7、 along /you doing/you keeping? 5.How are things (going) with you? 6.Hows everything (going) with you? / Hows it going? 7.Nice/Glad/Pleased to meet you. 8.I havent seen you for ages/ weeks/ months/such a long time. 9.How have you been? 10. Whats new/up?,Daily Greeting Expressions,Suggested Responses

8、1.Hi./Hello. 2.Good morning/afternoon/evening 3.How do you do? 4.Fine, thanks. And you?/Very well. /Terrible. Ive caught a cold. 5. Pretty good./OK, I guess. 6.Everything is all right./OK./Not too bad./Great. 7.Nice/Glad/Pleased to meet you too. 8.It really has been a long time. 9. Quite well, thank

9、s./Just so-so. 10. Wonderful. Things couldnt be better. 11.Nothing much. Whats new with you? /Nothing much to tell you.,5: A: I dont believe weve met before. My name is Philip, area Sales Manager of YOYO Toy Company. Nice to see you. B:,Quick Response A: Hi, Betty! How are you doing? B:,A: I dont th

10、ink weve met before. Im Donald, Susans brother. B:,A: Dad, this is my English teacher, Miss Kent. She comes from Australia. B:,4: A: Hello, Jenny. Have you met my cousin John? B:,10. A: Hi, ladies! May I have the honor to introduce Mr. South, the head of our department. B:,6. A: Good evening, Mr. St

11、anton. Allow me to introduce myself. Im Gao Jie, the new teacher. B:,7. A: Excuse me. Im Amelia Roberts at Easyfly Travel Agency. Are you Mr. Nelson from Chicago? B:,8. A: Hi, Diana. Come and meet your new supervisor Mr. Andrew Lee. B:,A: Say, dont I know you from somewhere? Im Joe Mitchell at the N

12、ational Bank. B:,Where are you from? Whereabouts? How about yourself? What brings you here? Im on vacation with my family. And yourself? Do you like it here? I think its great. What about you? Are you enjoying your time here? I love it. Im having a fantastic time.,1.My name is 2.Please allow me to /

13、 let me introduce myself. My name is 3. How do you do? My name is 4. I dont think weve met before. Im 5. Hi, Im Linda Smith. Call me Linda, will you?,Introducing yourself,1.Do you know /each other/him/her? 2.Mary, this is 3.Id like you to meet 4.Have you metbefore?,How do you do? Its a pleasure to m

14、eet you. Im very glad to meet you. Ive heard so much about you.,Introducing other people,Expressions for responding:,Example 1: Situation: introducing her husband to her friend. W: Hello, Mr. Li. How are you? M1:Fine, thank you. And you? W:Im fine too. Id like you to meet my husband, Li Jie M1:Nice

15、to meet you, Mr. Li. M2:Nice to meet you too.,Example 2:Situation: Jacky introduces his neighbor to Wang. Jacky: Hello, Wang. Do you know Mary Lin? She is my new neighbor. Wang: Hello, Ms. Lin. Im Wang Feng from China. Jacky: Wang Feng is my schoolmate. Lin: Nice to meet you, Wang. Call me Mary,plea

16、se. Wang: Ok, Mary, where are you from?,Dialogue,Dialogue Example 3: Situation: Receiving clients at the airports,A: Good morning, Ms. Brown. J: Good morning, Alex. A: Ms. Brown, this is Mr. Blake, the new Sales Manager. T: Ms. Brown, its a pleasure to meet you. J: Oh, hello, Mr. Blake. Ive been loo

17、king forward to meeting you. How about the journey? You arrived here yesterday evening, didnt you? T: Not too bad. But my flight was delayed three hours because of the heavy fog, and I didnt get to the hotel till midnight. J: Oh, Im sorry to hear that. How terrible! I hope the hotel is not too bad.

18、T: Its wonderful. When I woke up in the morning, I thought I was still in my home.,Activity Situational Dialogues You are the area sales representative of M I knew I was going to be the one left behind. But still Im watching the lake, vaguely conscious, and I know my life is ending.,Lecture 2 Making

19、 a telephone,Warming Up Are you familiar with the following sentences? You are wanted on the phone. Nice talking to you. Are you still there? Hold on, please. I think you must have dialed the wrong number. Ill transfer the call to Mr. Wang. Sorry I couldnt follow you. The line is busy.,Lead-in,Makin

20、gaphonecallisntalwayseasy,especiallyifyoudontknowthepersonontheotherendofthelineverywell.This unit will show you how to make a phone in business English.,Situational dialogues Dialogue 1 A: Hello. May I speak to Miss Mary, please? B: Im sorry. Miss Mary is not in for the moment. Im her secretary. Wh

21、os calling, please? A: Zhao from China Silk Corporation. B: Would you like to leave a message, Mr. Zhao? A: Yes, please. Could you tell her that Zhao Yu phoned. Id like to see her tomorrow morning. B: Im afraid shell be fully engaged then, but how about tomorrow afternoon? Does that suit you? A: Yes

22、. That suits me very well. Thank you very much for your help. Goodbye. B: Youre welcome.,Dialogue 2 James: Hello This is Johnsons Company. May I help you？ A Man: Id like to speak to the manager please. James: Hold the line, please. Ill see if he is around. Linda, Its for the manager. Do you know whe

23、re he is now？ Linda: I think he has gone out and wont be back for quite a while. James: Hello ,Sir. The manager isnt in at the moment. Can I take a message？ The man: Oh！yes , please. Just tell him Ill expect his call at 10 this evening. My number is 4856659,Thanks.,If you are not good at telephone E

24、nglish, the following sentences may be helpful. (1)Just a moment, please. (2) Hold the line, please. Ill get an English speaker. (3) Hold on, please. Ill get someone to the phone. (4)Im sorry, I dont speak English well. Ill have an English speaker call you back later. May I have your name and teleph

25、one number? Opening remarks for a telephone (1) Good morning. This is Chengtai Trading Company. May I help you? (2)Good afternoon. This is Dan An Commercial Bank. What can I do foryou? (3)Pioneer Electronics. This is Mary Wu speaking. (4)Hello. Overseas Sales Department. Taming Wang speaking. (5) He

26、llo. This is the Wang residence. (6)Good afternoon. Taming Wang speaking. (7)Wenkai Yang Speaking.,Situational Telephone English,If you cant follow the caller, use the following sentences: (1) Could you put that in more specific terms? (2) Im not sure what you mean. (3) Im sorry. I couldnt follow yo

27、u. (4) Youre talking too fast. I cant keep up. (5) Will you explain a little bit more? (6) Could you put that more simply? (7) Im afraid I didnt understand that. Could you say that again, please? (8) Excuse me, but I didnt hear that, would you mind repeating it, please? (9) Sorry, but I didnt catch

28、that, would you mind spelling it, please? To make sure who the caller is: (1) Whos speaking, please? (2) May I have your name, please? (3) Who is that calling?,To end a call: (1) Thank you forcalling. (2) It was kind of you to call me. (3) Nice talking to you. (4) Call me again any time. (5) Thanks

29、forreturning my call, good-bye. (6) Lets keep in touch, good-bye.,Practice 1 Talking on the phone Work with a partner. Use English to make the following telephone dialogue expressed in Chinese. A: (1)喂，你好。 B: (2)你好。请问约翰在家吗？ A:(3)请稍等我看一下，(4)他刚出去。(5)请问你有什么事么？ B:(6)我是玛丽。(7)你能让他回来后给我回电话么？ A: 好的，(8)他有你的电

30、话号码么？ B: 好象没有。 A: 请等一下，(9)我去拿支笔。(10)请说。 B: 5-6-4-7-3-4-8 A: 5-6-4-7-3-4-8，玛丽，是吗？ B: 是的，谢谢。 A: 不客气，再见。,In fact, there are different expressions that can be used in the same situation by a receiver and a caller. Just see the following: （1）喂，你好 Hello! Toms speaking. Hello. Tom. Hello. Mr. Blacks office

31、. Good morning. Mr. Blacks office. （2）你好，请问约翰在家吗？ Hello. (May/Could/Can) I speak to John? Hello. Id like to speak to John, please? Hello. Im looking for John. Hello. Is John here? Hello. Is John in? Good morning, Id like to speak to John, please. （3）请稍等，我看一下。 Hold on, please. Ill see if hes in. Just

32、 a minute/second/moment, Ill get him. Hold the line, please. Dont hang up, please.,（4）他刚出去。 He is (out/not in) at the moment. Hes not around at the moment. （5）请问你有什么事？（你要留个电话吗？） Would you like to leave a message? May I take a message? Any messages for him? （6）我是玛丽 This is Mary (speaking). Mary here.

33、 Mary speaking. （7）你能让他回来后给我打个电话吗？ Could you tell him to ring me up when hes back? Would you ask John to call me back when he returns? Please have him return my call. Tell him to give me a call, please.,（8）他有你的电话号码吗？ Does he have your telephone number? （9）我拿支笔。 Ill get a pen. Let me get a pen. （10）请

34、说。 OK, please./Go ahead.,Practice 2 Make dialogues in pairs according to the following situations. Situation 1 Miss Carter telephones to speak to the manager. The secretary answers the phone and tries to get her through. But the managers line is busy. She asks Miss Carter to call back a few minutes

35、later.,Situations 2 You are Mr. Jones assistant. You receive a call, but he is out for the day visiting a branch company. Ask for the callers name and phone number and offer to ask Mr. Jones to call back later.,Situation 3 You receive a call from A, a friend working in the same corporation as you, b

36、ut in a different department. He asks to for a short chat over coffee tomorrow. Youd like to keep the appointment.,Practice 3 Presentation What is more important when answering a foreigners phone: Fluent English Phone Etiquette Receivers confidence,I think three things are important when answering a

37、 foreigners phone. The first point to consider is fluent English. With fluent English, the receiver can communicate with the foreigner easily and effectively. Phone etiquette is also very important, if the receiver cant show correct phone etiquettes, the caller may feel annoyed and finish the call. The last point to pay attention to is the receivers confidence, confident receiver can always make dialogues c