限制性定语从句与非限定性定语从句.ppt

1、,Unit 1 Cultural relics Period 2 Grammar,主语,宾语,宾语,主语,宾语,主语,宾、表语,定语,非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十分密切,只是对先行词做些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话时语调上须停顿。一般不用that引导。,1. Look at the girl _ is singing so beautifully. 2. Do you know the woman to _ our teacher is talking? 3. Jim is the boy _ hat is red.

2、4. He gave me a pen _ he bought last week. 5. Mary has read all the books _ I lent her.,who/that,whom,whose,that/which,that/which,II. Revision,Fill in the blanks with proper relative pronouns or adverbs.,6. Is it the reason _ you were late? 7. October 1st is the date _ China celebrates its National

3、Day. 8. We walked in a garden _ many trees and flowers had been planted. 9. This is the island _ I lived for two years. 10. 2001-2005 are the years _ I studied in the university.,why,when,where,where,when,Revision,Revision,What do Attributive Clauses do? 作用相当于形容词； 提供人或事物更详细的信息； 简化语言，避免使用两个简单句时重复的内容。

4、 What do they look like? 由关系代词which/that或关系副词when, where, why等引导；也可以用介词+关系代词引导。 Where do they come in sentences? 在所修饰的先行词之后。,Compare the following pairs of sentences and find the differences between them. He is one of the students who has won a scholarship. Frederick William I, to whom the Amber Roo

5、m belonged, decided not to keep it. She told me something that happened yesterday. She told me something untrue, which made me angry.,III. Comparing,修饰先行词,修饰先行词或整个句子,无逗号与主句分开,有逗号与主句分开,使用时可以用that引导,使用时不能用that引导,与主句语意关系紧凑，定语从句不能删除,与主句语意关系松散，定语从句可以删除,Comparing,Read the passage again and underline all t

6、he sentences with attributive clauses and the words or sentences they modify. 1. This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. 2. The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey.,IV. Doing,1. He gave me a pen h

7、e bought yesterday. 2. He gave me a pen, which he bought yesterday.,关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可 以省略。 关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语不可以省略。,Look at the following sentences and tell the differences of the Attributive Clauses.,Doing,1. as 既可以指前面提到过的事实或情况, 因此as 可以放在句首、句末, 也可以插入主句中, 而which 指前面提到的事实或情况, 一般放在主句之后 (有时也可用as)。 如： A

8、s our teacher points out, that book is of benefit to everyone. Heat is a form of energy, as is known to all of us This machine, as might be expected, has stopped operating,2. As 含有正如、按照、正像之意, as 一般用 在肯定句中, 而 which 则可以用于含否定 意义的句子中，如： He failed in the exam again, as was expected. He failed in the exam

9、 again, which was unexpected,3. 下列固定结构, 一般不能用which, 如： as has been said before 如前所述 as often happens 正像经常发生的那样 as is well known 众所周知 as will be shown in Fig 3 将如图3所示 as we know 正如我们知道的那样 as may be imagined 这可以想象得出来 as we all can see 正如我们大家看到的那样 as follows 如下,1. Alice received an invitation from her

10、boss, _came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. whichD. he 此为非限定性从句,不能用 that修饰,而用which. it 和he 都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。,C,2.The weather turned out to be very good, _was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it which可代替句子, 用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。that 不能用于非限定性定语从句, it不为连词,使由逗号连接的两个

11、句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。,B,3. It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park. A. that B. which C. as D. it 4. She is a teacher of much knowledge, _ much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom,B,D,5. China has many rivers, _the Changjiang River is the longest. A. which B.

12、in which C. among which D. one of which,C,6. A. Pisa is a city, _ has a leaning tower. B. Pisa is a city, _there is a leaning tower. A. which B. that C. where D. there,A,C,7. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_ ,of course, made the others unhappy. A. Who B. which C. this D.

13、what 8. Do you know the reason _ he was late? A. that B. which C. for what D. for which,B,D,9. I have bought two ball pens , _ writes well. A. none of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of them 10. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A.

14、for which B. at which C. in which D. on which,B,C,11. This is the very knife _ I used to cut apples yesterday. A. that B. by which C. which D. with which,D,12. Yesterday Mr. Li finally bought his own house, _ is a hospital. A. in where B. to the east of which C. to the east of it D. in the east of t

15、hat 13. My brothers purse, _ he put ￥1,000, was missing on the bus. A. there B. which C. in which D. that,14. His glasses, _ he could see nothing, was taken away by a naughty boy. A. which B. without which C. with which D. without those 15. The computer, _ he paid ￥3,000, was once owned by his uncle

16、. A. which B. for which C. that D. to that,16. In the past we lost many chances, _ we paid little attention. A. which B. that C. in which D. to which 17. The pen, _ I had been writing for ten years, was broken. A. with which B. with that C. as D. with it,18. Mary has two brothers, _ are doctors. A.

17、both of they B. both of whom C. both of them D. whom of both 19. On the way home I met my friend John, from _ home the thief had stolen a computer. A. whom B. which C. that D. whose,高考链接- 2010,(10福建24) Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradual

18、ly. A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whose 2. (10湖南28) Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which,B,A,高考链接- 2009,( 09山东 24 ) Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. wh

19、o B. which C. when D. that 2. (09宁夏海南28) She brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met before. A. them B. who C. whom D. these,B,C,高考链接- 2008,1. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days. (2008重庆) A. where B. there C. which D. when 2. Occasions are quite r

20、are _ I have the time to spend a day with the kids. (08山东)A. who B. which C. why D. when,A,D,3. Ill give you my friends home address, _ I can be reached most evenings. (08北京卷) A. which B. when C. whom D. where 4. All the neighbor admire this family, _ the parents are treating their child like a friend. (2008安徽卷) A. why B. where C. which D. that,A,B,高考链接 - 2007,1. Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm _ we worked. 2007 山东卷 A. that B. there C. which D. where 2. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ w