Lesson 6.ppt

1、Lesson 6,Air Traffic Flow Management,Dictation,1.boundary 2 coordinate center 3. designator 4.distinctive marks 5. in the vicinity of 6.obligation 7. overdue 8. pertinent 9.plain-language 10. plot 11. prescribe 12. search and rescue 13. termination 14.wake turbulence 15.alerting service 16. uncertai

2、nty phase 17alert phase 18. distress phase 19. caution 20.separation minima 21.conflict 22. vertical separation 23. wingtip vortex 24Mid-air collision,写全称,1.ALNOT 2. FIR 3.INCERFA 4.ALERFA 5. DETRESFA 6.ND 7.VIS/VSI 8.SSR 9.TCAS,Background knowledge,Traffic capacity 交通容量 Capacity of an ATC system 空中

3、交通管理系统的最大容量 Accommodate 容纳，包容 Capacity value最大容量值,Word study,Air Traffic Flow Management,1.the regulation of air traffic 对空中交通的规范 2.avoid exceeding airport or ATC capacity in handling traffic 避免超出机场或空管管制交通的容量 3.ensure the available capacity is used efficiently 确保可用容量有效使用 4 the objective:_,Para 2,Wha

4、t are the requirement of flow control measure introduction? 1. accurately determined air traffic system capacity 2.level of traffic demand,Having determined this level, ATFM should provide the area control centre in a terminal area with information on an hour-to-hour basis.,在决定这个流量水平之后，ATFM应该向候机楼区域的

5、区管中心提供实时情报。 These information includes the planned times of arrival and departure of all aircraft during each period under peak traffic conditions. 这些情报包括所有飞机在高峰交通状态期的进离场计划时间。 Such predictions should be prepared three hours or more in advance, and reviewed and revised periodically. 这些预测应提前三小时以上准备，并周

6、期性地回顾和修改,Para 3,Why does ATFM need special arrangements? (use three words to answer),Stages of ATFM,Personnel 人力 Equipment 设备 Facilities 设施 Automated systems 自动化系统 Question: Why does ATFM need to be carried out? What are the three phases of ATFM?,During all phases of ATFM the responsible units shoul

7、d coordinate closely with ATC and the aircraft operators in order to ensure an effective and equitable service,在ATFM的各个阶段，负责的单位都应该与ATC和飞行员紧密协调来确保有效和公平的服务。 Aircraft operator=pilot,Implementation of ATFM,When an air traffic control unit that will control a flight reaches capacity, measures to regulate

8、 demand may be taken. 当管制单位管制航班达到最大容量时，应采取措施来调控需求 ACCs exercising flow control进行流量控制 to surrounding area control centers publish notices requesting that arriving aircraft are directed towards holding patterns等待航线 where they circle盘旋等待 until it is their turn to land.,Spacing腾空间 of aircraft for flow c

9、ontrol purposes should not be mixed with separation保持间隔, but rather should be based on an “acceptance rate接受率”, which is the number of aircraft accepted in a given period of time.,Why we use the ground delay program instead of leaving aircraft flying in circles?,Ground delay : keep aircraft on the g

10、round at their place of departure instead of leaving them flying in circles. to save fuel,Para 9,Flights are scheduled to arrive at an airport at exactly the same time. 安排，计划 The aircraft may be assigned delays to ensure that the second aircraft arrives 5 minutes after the first. 指定延迟 Make sentences

11、,Para 10,In practice实际上, the process is much more complex复杂 and highly computerized计算机化. One aircraft may be subject to 受制于several regulations at the same time. For example, a flight from Amsterdam to Paris may be regulated both by limited capacity 有限的容量at Paris as well as by limited capacity in Bel

12、gian比利时 airspace.,Ask a s to read para 11,Avoid delay by taking a different route 通过另外一条航路避免延误,Certain flights are exempt from免除 regulation, for instance time-critical时间紧急 flights carrying human organs人体器官 for organ transplantation器官移植. If such flights are scheduled, regular traffic will be delayed

13、instead. Exempt from an examination Exempt from military service,If an airport is completely closed unexpectedly ( for instance, because the only runway is blocked), a zero rate零接受率 may be set for a certain time period, which will cause all inbound flights 入航飞机to be issued a delay that will cause th

14、em to arrive after the reopening time. Flights already en route would either enter the holding or divert to an alternate airport备降到另一个机场.,What is CFMU? CFMU will permit the ATC services concerned有关的 to avoid the splitting of limited airspace resources, with each airspace being managed independently

15、and leading to a waste of capacity.中央流量管理机构会许可有关的空管服务机构避免分割有限的空域资源，每一个空域都独自管理造成了容量的浪费,When airspace becomes available, the CFMU identifies 识别flights that can benefit from the opportunity of shorter routes.受益于较短航路机会的航班,Exercises,Airport Capacity机场容量,Configuration 状态，形状 Listen to the interpretation of

16、 para 1-2, and answer the question: 1. What is airport capacity?,Airport Capacity Methodology机场容量方法论,What are the elements affect airport capacity? Runway configuration 跑道形态 Aircraft mix index 飞机综合指数 Taxiway configuration 滑行道形态 Operational characteristics 操作特征 Meteorological conditions 气象状态,Runway c

17、onfiguration,Is the layout 布局or the design设计 of a runway 1.single runway单向跑道 2.parallel runways 平行跑道 3.intersecting runways 交叉跑道,Aircraft mix index,Calculated on the basis of the gross weight of the specific aircraft expected to serve an airfield. 基于预计在机场上服务的特定飞机总重的计算,Taxiway configuration,The layout or the design of the taxiways,Operationa