2019年全国版高考英语一轮复习必刷题：第1部分 语法知识 模块2 非谓语动词

1、模块2非谓语动词难度系数:关注指数:A卷全国卷单句填空/单句改错1.(2017全国,63)They are required (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. 2.(2017全国,68)By (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 3.(2017全国,63)This included digging up the

2、 road, (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top. 4.(2017全国,短文改错) When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!5.(2017全国,61)But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term (rest). 6.(2017全国,64)But Sarah, who has taken part

3、 in shows along with top models, wants (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. 7.(2016全国,语法填空)It was a great honour (invite) backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. 8.(2016全国,66)I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a special unit

4、caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 9.(2016全国,67)My ambassadorial duties will include (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. 10.(2016全国,完形填空)(approach) the vehicle, they saw that a woman w

5、as trying to get out of the broken window. 11.(2016全国,完形填空)They then heard a womans voice (come) from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 12.(2016全国,69)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely (bring) your work home. 13.(2016全国,63)Skilled workers also combine various h

6、ardwoods and metal (create) special designs. 14.(2016全国,64)People probably cooked their food in large pots,(use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. 15.(2016全国,短文改错)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.16.(2016全国,补全短文)There are many common methods (use) to cook fish. 17.(2015全国,68)A study of

7、 travelers(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 18.(2015全国,70)Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 19.(2015全国,61)The adobe dwellings

8、(土坯房)(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. 20.(2015全国,短文改错)After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that his parents were missing. 21.(2014全国大纲,23)Today there are more airplanes(carry) more peo

9、ple than ever before in the skies. 22.(2014全国大纲,短文改错)Otherwise, it is impossible for them to help each other and to make their friendship to last long. 23.(2014全国,61)One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about(be) late for school. 24.(2014全国,63)There were many people waiting at the bus

10、 stop, and some of them looked very anxious and(disappoint).25.(2014全国,66)I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused(stop) until we reached the next stop. 26.(2013全国大纲,25)I got to the office earlier that day, (catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington. 27.(2013全国大纲,短文改错)He isnt

11、 good at talk but he gets on well with other people. 【答案与解析】1.to processrequire sb to do sth表示“要求某人做某事”,被动形式为sb be required to do sth,表示“某人被要求做某事”。2.eating根据空格前的by可知,此处应该填eat的动名词形式。3.laying分析句子结构可知,此处laying与digging up, building并列,作included的宾语。4.pick前加上to本句出现了两个动词,所以要将其中一个动词变为非谓语动词;根据语境可知,摘新鲜的蔬菜是目的,所

12、以把第二个动词变为不定式的形式表目的,故在pick前加上to。5.restingspend time doing sth意为“花费时间做某事”。6.to provewant to do sth意为“想要做某事”。7.to be invitedIts a great honour to do sth意为“做某事很荣幸”,再根据语境可知,此处指被邀请,故用动词不定式的被动式。8.permitted句中已有谓语动词was,故此处要用非谓语动词形式。因permit与reporter为逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词。9.introducing由句子结构可知,introduce作谓语动词include的

13、宾语,而British visitors是introduce这一动作的承受者,故用动名词形式。10.Approaching分析句子结构可知,此处应用分词作状语。approach的逻辑主语为句子的主语they,且和they之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词。11.coming考查hear sth doing结构,声音传来用主动形式,故用现在分词作宾补。12.to bring此处考查固定搭配be likely to do sth,意为“很可能做某事”。13.to create分析语境可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。14.using分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; use与其逻辑主语Pe

14、ople之间是主动关系,故此处应用现在分词作方式状语。15.wearwearing此处用动名词作介词的宾语。16.used此处考查非谓语动词作后置定语。use与其逻辑主语methods之间为被动关系,故填used。17.conducted分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; conduct与其逻辑主语study之间为被动关系,故填conducted。18.living分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;live与其逻辑主语people之间为主动关系,故填现在分词。19.built分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;土坯房是被建造的,故用过去分词作定语,表被动。20.lookslookin

15、g介词后面需用动名词作宾语。21.carrying分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;carry与其逻辑主语airplanes之间是主动关系,故填carrying。22.去掉第三个tomake的宾补应该用不带to的不定式充当。23.being介词后面应用动名词作宾语。24.disappointed此处指“感到失望的”,描述人的心理状态,故填disappointed。25.to stoprefuse后跟不定式作宾语。26.having caught分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;结合语境可知,“我”赶上来自Paddington的火车发生在到达办公室之前,故此处catch是主语主动发出,且

16、已经完成的行为,故用现在分词的完成形式。27.talktalking此处动词talk作介词at的宾语,应用动名词形式。B卷地方卷单句填空1.(2017北京,27)Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online (save) their valuable time. 2.(2017北京,32)Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time (spend) with his students. 3.(2017天津,10)I was watc

17、hing the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train (catch). 4.(2017浙江,61)Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring (cook) a meal. 5.(2016北京,26)(make) it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand. 6.(2016北京,28) (order) over a week ago, the books are e

18、xpected to arrive any time now. 7.(2016北京,32)Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, (turn) the old town into a dreamland. 8.(2016四川,阅读理解)A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those (want) a good nights sleep. 9.(2016江苏,28)In art criticism, you must assume the artist

19、 has a secret message (hide) within the work.10.(2016浙江,19)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do(work) with students. 11.(2015江苏,24)Much time (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems. 12.(2015湖南,30)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apol

20、ogetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, (wonder) whether to stay or leave. 13.(2015北京,21)(catch) the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. 14.(2015北京,23)The park was full of people, (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine. 15.(2015浙江,18)Listening to music at home is one

21、thing, going to hear it (perform) live is quite another. 16.(2015重庆,6)(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star. 17.(2015重庆,11)Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way (use) the sun and the stars. 18.(2015陕西,17)After receiving the Oscar for Be

22、st Supporting Actress,Anne Benedict went on (thank)all the people who had helped in her career. 19.(2015陕西,18)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa,Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother (take) good care of at home. 20.(2015天津,5)(absorb) in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching

23、. 21.(2015天津,8) (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 22.(2015安徽,27)(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. 23.(2015福建,28) (learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as a

24、n elective course. 24.(2015福建,33)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, (combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”.25.(2014福建,27)(spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong,Linda appears more mature than those of her age. 26.(2014湖南,27)There is no greater

25、 pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland,(stare) at the night sky. 【答案与解析】1.to save此处用动词不定式表目的。2.spent分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; spend与其逻辑主语time之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词。3.to catchsb have sth to do意为“某人有某事要做”。4.to cook此处用动词不定式作目的状语。5.To make此处用动词不定式作目的状语。6.Ordered分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; order与其逻辑主语b

26、ooks之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词。7.turning分析句子结构可知,此处应用现在分词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。8.wanting分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; want与其逻辑主语those之间是主动关系,所以填wanting。9.hidden分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; hide与其逻辑主语message之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。10.working此处do是have fun的省略形式,故空格处应填working。11.spent分析句子结构可知,逗号前为独立主格结构; spend与其逻辑主语time之间为被动关系,故填spent。12.wonde

27、ring此处是现在分词作伴随状语。13.To catch此处用动词不定式作目的状语。14.enjoying分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; enjoy与其逻辑主语people之间是主谓关系,故填enjoying。15.being performed结合常识可知,音乐是被演奏,故要用被动语态;“演奏”与“听”应同时发生,所以填being performed。16.Raised分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词作状语,he和raise之间是被动关系,故用过去分词。17.using分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;use与其逻辑主语birds之间为主动关系,故填using。18.to t

28、hankgo on to do sth意为“继续做(另一件事)”。19.taken此处考查非谓语动词作宾补,mother和take good care of之间是被动关系,故用过去分词。20.AbsorbedAbsorbed in painting是原因状语从句Because he was absorbed in painting的省略。21.Having worked分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; work与其逻辑主语Steve之间为主谓关系,故要用现在分词; work发生在 managed to finish之前,故填Having worked。22.Ignoring此处是动名词短

29、语作主语。23.To learn此处用动词不定式作目的状语。24.combining分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; combine与其逻辑主语word之间是主动关系,故填combining。25.Having spent分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;spend与其逻辑主语Linda之间是主动关系,且发生在appears之前,故填Having spent。26.staring分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; stare的逻辑主语与lying on的主语相同(都是I),且表伴随,故填staring。考点一非谓语动词作定语Tip 1不定式作定语1.不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定

30、式动作的地点、工具时,不定式后面需有相应的介词。The Browns have a comfortable house . 布朗一家有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。但是,当不定式所修饰的名词是time,place或way时,不定式后面的介词习惯上会省去。2.用不定式作定语的几种情况:(1)不定式表将来。(2016四川)For 25 days,she never left her baby, not even to find something ! 25天以来,她从来没离开过她的孩子,甚至都不去找些吃的。(2)用来修饰被序数词、形容词最高级或no,all,any等限定的中心词,且与中心词为逻辑上的主谓

31、关系。She was the first woman the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。(3)有些与名词同形的后跟不定式的动词,它们用作名词时也常跟不定式作定语,常见的有promise,plan,attempt,offer,等。I dont trust his promise for a visit. 我不相信他来访的诺言。(比较:He promised to come for a visit. )【答案】to live into eatto winto comeTip 2分词作定语1.作定语的及物动词的分词形式为:现

32、在分词,being+过去分词和过去分词。当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词为主动关系时,用现在分词;当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词为被动关系且表正在进行时,用being+过去分词;当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词为被动关系且表已经完成时,用过去分词。The houses are for the teachers. 正在建的那些房子是为老师们建的。(被动,正在进行)(2016浙江)To return to the problem of water pollution,Id like you to look at a study in Australia in 2012.为了再讨论一下水污染的问题,我想让大家看一项

33、2012年在澳大利亚进行的研究。(被动,已经完成)2.作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为:现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行,过去分词表示动作已经完成。boilingwater沸腾的水(正在进行)boiledwater开水(已经完成)fallingleaves正在下落的叶子(正在进行)fallenleaves已经落下的叶子(已经完成)developingcountries发展中国家(正在进行)developedcountries发达国家(已经完成)3.to be done,done和being done作定语的区别to be done表被动和将来,done表被动和完成,being don

34、e表被动和正在进行。Have you read the novel written by Dickens?你读过狄更斯写的这部小说吗?(表被动和完成)Listen!The song is very popular with the students. 听!正在播放的这首歌非常受学生们的欢迎。(表被动和正在进行)The question at tomorrows meeting is very important. 明天在会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。(表被动和将来)【答案】being builtconductedbeing playedto be discussedTip 3动名词作定语动名词作

35、定语时主要用来说明被修饰词的用途。a fishing net 渔网(=a net for fishing)a swimming pool 游泳池(=a pool for swimming)考点二非谓语动词作状语Tip 1不定式作状语1.不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语时,如果强调目的性,不定式前还可加in order或so as,构成in order to do结构或so as to do结构。in order to do结构作目的状语时,可以放在句首也可放在句中;so as to do结构只能放在句中。in order to do结构和so as to do结构置于句中时,不能用逗号隔开。H

36、er mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year (so as / in order) to visit her. 她母亲计划每年至少四次乘飞机到北京来看她。Every day we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things . 我们每一天都受到那些我们遇到的、做着不平凡的事情去改善这个世界的人的鼓舞。2.不定式作结果状语不定式作结果状语常用在下列结构中:so.as to, such.as to, .enough to, only to(常表

37、示意外的或事与愿违的结果), too.to,等。Im not so stupid it down. 我不至于愚蠢到会把它写下来。Jane hurried back that her mother had left. 简匆忙赶回来却发现她的母亲已经离开了。Im too tired to stay up longer. 我太累了,不能再熬夜了。注意:only too.to意为“非常”。常用于此结构的形容词有pleased,ready,willing,glad,happy,等。Im have passed the exam. 考试及格了,我非常高兴。3.不定式作原因状语形容词作表语时,后面可接不定式

38、作原因状语,说明产生这种情绪的原因。常见的用于这类结构中的形容词有:happy,glad,sorry,anxious,proud,disappointed,angry,surprised,ready,delighted,pleased,等。You will never know how happy I was her yesterday. 你永远不会知道昨天看到她时,我有多么高兴。4.在“主语+系动词+表语(形容词)+to do”结构中,句子的主语与不定式有逻辑上的被动关系,且形容词表示主语的特征或性质,这时,需用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。常用于该结构的形容词有:easy,hard,dif

39、ficult,important, impossible,interesting,pleasant,nice,comfortable,safe,dangerous,等。This question is easy . 这个问题容易回答。【答案】to improve the worldas to writeonly to findonly too glad toto seeto answerTip 2分词作状语1.分词作状语时其形式的选择形式意义doing与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系,与句子谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,或基本上同时发生having done与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系,先于谓语动

40、词所表示的动作发生done与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系,表完成being done与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系,且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生having been done与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系,且先于谓语动词所表示的动作发生2.分词作状语的句法功能分词作状语时,可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。为了强调,还可与while,when,once,if,unless等连词连用。(2017全国)Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked. 科学家们发

41、现,所有植物在受到攻击时都会散发出挥发性有机物。(表时间)Generally speaking, according to the directions,the drug has no side effect. 一般来说,如果按照说明服用,这种药没有副作用。(表条件)He glanced over at her, noting that though she was tiny,she seemed very well. 他不经意地看了她一下,注意到她虽然很瘦弱,但看起来非常健康。(表结果)(2016天津)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom wi

42、ndows, air conditioning unnecessary. 凉爽的风穿过我们卧室的窗户,使空调不再必要。(表结果) many times,he still repeated the same mistake. 虽然被告诉过好多次了,但他仍然重复犯同样的错误。(表让步)The teacher came into the lab,followed by some students. 老师进了实验室,后面跟着一些学生。(表伴随)【答案】if takenmakingHaving been toldTip 3独立成分作状语有些分词或不定式短语作状语,其形式的选择不受上下文的影响,它们称作独

43、立成分。常见的有:generally speaking一般来说, frankly speaking坦白地说, judging from/by. . . 根据来判断, considering. / taking. . . into consideration考虑到, to tell you the truth说实话, compared to/with与相比。 his accent,he is from Hong Kong. 从口音判断,他是香港人。Considering your health,youd better have a rest. 考虑到你的健康(状况),你最好休息一下。,I am

44、a little tired. 说实话,我有点累。【答案】Judging fromTo tell the truthTip 4独立主格结构非谓语动词作状语时,它的逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语,在句子中作状语,我们称之为“独立主格结构(The Nominative Absolute Construction)”。独立主格结构的特点:(1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。(2)独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词或不定式是逻辑上的主动或被动关系。(3)独立主格结构与句子之间一般有逗号。独立主格结构的构成:(1)名词/代词+分词;(

45、2)名词/代词+不定式;(3)with / without+名词/代词+分词/不定式。(=When the test was finished),we began our holiday. 考试结束后,我们就开始放假了。(=If weather permits),we are going to visit you tomorrow. 如果天气允许,我们明天去看你。【答案】The test finishedWeather permitting考点三非谓语动词作主语、宾语、表语等Tip 1非谓语动词作宾语非谓语动词中能作宾语的有动名词和不定式。(1)只能用动名词作宾语的动词和短语:suggest,

46、imagine,mind,admit,practice,allow,advise,risk,keep,keep on,avoid,escape,enjoy,consider,finish,miss,insist on,look forward to,feel like,get down to,object to,等。she admitted the car without insurance. 她供认驾驶了这辆没有保险的轿车。(2)只能用不定式作宾语的动词和短语:wish,hope,decide,refuse,promise,pretend,manage,plan,fail,choose,wo

47、uld like,等。If I fail by 7 oclock,I will not be coming at all. 如果七点前我不能来,我就不会来了。(3)既可用动名词作宾语,又可用不定式作宾语的动词和短语:remember,forget,regret,stop,go on,need,start,begin,try,等。forgettodosth忘记要去做某事(此事未做)forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生)stoptodosth停止、中断做某事(目的是去做另一件事)stopdoingsth停止正在做或经常做的事remembertodosth记住去做某事(未做)

48、rememberdoingsth记得做过某事(已做)regrettodosth对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)regretdoingsth对做过的事后悔(已做)trytodosth努力做某事trydoingsth尝试做某事meantodo打算做meandoing意味着goontodo继而(去做另外一件事情)goondoing继续(原先没有做完的事情)Remember to turn off the lights before you go to bed. 睡觉前记得关灯。I remember about the earthquake in the newspaper. 我记得在报纸上看过关于这次地震

49、的报道。(4)it作形式宾语,代替真正作宾语的动词不定式或动名词。I think it important to learn English well. 我认为学好英语很重要。【答案】having drivento appearreadingTip 2非谓语动词作宾补(1)感官动词(see,watch,observe,notice,look at,hear,listen to,feel,等)后面的宾语补足语常见的有三种非谓语动词形式(do / doing / done,其中do是省略了to的不定式)。do表主动和完成(被动句中to还原),doing表主动或正在进行,done表被动或完成。The

50、 missing boy was last seen near the river. 失踪的男孩最后被看到时正在河边玩。(2)动词let,make,have,get,leave,keep,find后接非谓语动词形式作补足语。Paul doesnt have to be made . He always works hard. 保罗不必被迫去学习。他总是努力学习。(3)固定短语,如advise / allow / encourage / request / warn sb to do sth等。The patient was warned oily food. 病人被警告不要吃油腻的食物。(4)

51、with复合结构常用形式:withsb/sthdoing(表主动且进行,或表特征)sthdone(表被动且完成,或表状态)sthtodo(表示将来)John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work finished,he gladly accepted it. 约翰收到了晚餐邀请。由于他的工作完成了,他欣然接受了邀请。With a lot of difficult problems ,the newly elected president is having a hard time. 由于有许多困难的问题要解决,新当选的总统处境艰难

52、。With the little boy the way,we had no difficulty finding the village. 有那个小男孩带路,我们毫不费力地找到了那个村庄。注意作补足语的三种非谓语动词形式(to do,doing,done)之间的区别,把握动作是主动还是被动,是正在发生还是已经发生。具体分析作宾语补足语的动词与逻辑主语(即句子宾语)之间的逻辑关系,再结合动作发生的时间(未发生、正在发生或已经发生)来选择合适的形式。【答案】playingto learnnot to eatto settleleadingTip 3非谓语动词作主语、表语或其他1.非谓语动词中能作

53、主语的有动名词和不定式。(1)动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性动作,不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。(2017全国)My next work was a nest and anchor it in a tree. 我下一步的工作是建一个巢,并把它固定在一棵树上。(2)it作形式主语,代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动名词。常见句型有:It is / was no use / good+doing sth;It is / was not any use / good+doing sth;It is / was of little use / good+doing sth;It

54、is / was useless doing;Its a waste of time doing sth;等。2.非谓语动词中能作表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和不定式。注意现在分词作表语时意为“令人的”,而过去分词作表语时意为“感到的”。The news was and we were the whole night. 这个消息令人兴奋,我们整个晚上都非常兴奋。3.do / have+sth+but(to)do sth中的不定式用法,此结构要遵循前有实义动词do,but后则无to,反之则有to的原则。He did nothing but the child without hesitat

55、ion. 他除了毫不犹豫地救了孩子以外,什么也没做。【答案】to constructexcitingexcitedsave1.对非谓语动词类考题,考生在解题时首先要通过句子结构判断是否要填非谓语动词:若句中有连词,则需用谓语动词形式,若句中没有连词,则考虑用非谓语动词形式。再通过分析句子成分判断应使用哪种非谓语动词。例如:作主语、宾语用动名词或动词不定式,作状语常用分词,目的状语常用动词不定式,伴随状语则常用现在分词,等。典例1 (2015全国,64)In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition