介词及介词短语.ppt

1、高三复习 介词与介词短语,1.in addition，in addition to，apart from，besides，except，except for与but的用法。,(1)in addition相当于副词besides，表示“另外”。 (2)in addition to相当于介词besides，表示“除以外还 (3)apart from可表示besides，except for，without的意思。 (4)except从所提到的人或事物中除去，即从整体中除去一部分。 (5)except for表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，起部分修正主体的作用。 (6)but在意思上相当于e

2、xcept，但常用在不定代词或疑问代词的后面。,In addition/Besides，you need to know how long you should stay，and when you have to leave. 另外，你要知道该待多长时间，以及该在何时离开。 In addition to/Besides these arrangements，extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight. 除了这些安排以外，另增救护车值班至午夜。 His composition is good，except for/apart from some

3、 spelling mistakes. 他的这篇作文写得很好，只是有几处拼写错误。,Apart from/Besides the cost，I havent time to go. 除了付不起费用之外，我也没时间去。 He answered all the questions except the last one. 除了最后一题外，他回答了所有的问题。 I know nothing about the young lady except that she is from Beijing.(上海高考) 除了知道她来自北京以外，我对这位年轻的女士一无所知。 The seaside town is

4、 beautiful except when it is windy. 这座海滨小镇很美，除了刮风时。,2past，over，across，through的用法。,The Great Wall winds its way from west to east，across deserts，over mountains，through valleys，till at last it reaches the sea. 长城从西向东越过沙漠，跨过高山，穿过深谷，蜿蜒而行， 最后直抵大海。 The crowd of people walked past the City Hall to the Cent

5、er Square. 一群人经过市政厅走到了中心广场。,3above，over，under，below，on，beneath的用法。,Be careful，there is a heavy box over your head. 小心，你头上方有个很重的箱子。 The sun is above the mountain in the east. 太阳就在东方，那座山的上方。 There are some stamps on the desk. 桌子上有一些邮票。 The position he pointed to was below the sea level. 他所指的那个位置低于海平面。

6、 The little mouse is under the table，so it is not easy to find it. 那只小老鼠在桌子底下，因此很不容易找到它。,4beyond，within的用法。,(1)beyond(表示位置)在的那边；(表示范围、限度)超出，非所及。 (2)within在范围以内，不超过。,Science is developing so fast that it is beyond our imagination. 科学发展速度之快超出我们的想象。 It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a

7、 lot within easy reach.(2009山东高考) 在厨房里把你常用的东西放在容易够着的地方会节省时间。,1(2011青岛模拟)We should talk about the things _ the childrens understanding in a simple way. AoverBbeyond Cabove Dunder,解析：考查介词辨析。句意：我们应当用一种简单的方式谈论超出儿童理解能力的事物。D项不符合句意；above和over一般描述位置；beyond“超过，非所能及”，符合句意。,答案：B,2(2010北京高考)Would you mind not p

8、icking the flowers in the garden? They are _ everyones enjoyment. Ain Bat Cfor Dto,解析：此题考查介词辨析。句意：你能不摘花园里的花吗？他们是让所有人都欣赏的。“为了”应用for， to表示“对于”。,答案：C,1.“名词介词”构成的短语。,attention to对的注意；devotion to 对的奉献；a visit to 对的访问；interest in对的兴趣；comments on对的评论；application for 对的申请；an influence on对的影响；confidence in对的

9、信心；contact with 与取得联系,He should be admired for his devotion to improving education. 他对改善教育作出的贡献应该得到赞扬。,2“介词名词”构成的短语。,in case以防，万一；in trouble处于困境；by chance偶然地；in fact实际上；in time及时；in danger处于危险之中；in vain徒劳地；in return作为的回报,His efforts to raise money for his program were in vain because no one showed a

10、ny intention to take a cent out of their pockets.(2009湖北高考) 他为自己的项目筹钱的努力是徒劳的，因为没有人愿意拿出哪怕是一分钱。,3“介词名词介词”构成的短语。,at the cost of以为代价；in honor of为纪念；in place of代替；for fear of以免；in harmony with与协调一致；on behalf of代表；in terms of就而言；in response to作为对的回应,In terms of customer satisfaction，the policy cannot be c

11、riticized.说到顾客的满意情况，这个政策无可挑剔。,4动词与介词搭配的短语。,dream of梦想；insist on坚持；depend on依靠；belong to 属于；lead to导致；deal with 处理；argue about 争论；call on 拜访；refer to 提到,The man insisted on finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. 即使我告诉他我住在附近，这个人坚决主张给我找一辆出租车。,5形容词与介词搭配的短语。,anxious about 对感到忧虑；far

12、from远离，决非；nervous about 因不安；successful in 在方面很成功；dependent on依赖于；responsible for 对负责；absent from 缺席；proud of因自豪；famous for 因闻名；ashamed of对感到愧疚；loyal to 忠诚于；harmful to 对有害；popular with 受欢迎,The art show was far from being a failure；it was a great success.(2009天津高考) 艺术展览根本谈不上失败，而是十分成功的。,6to与情感名词连用，表示“某

13、种行动后产生的感觉”， 意为“使某人的是”。,Much to my surprise，he refused to accept such a good job. 使我非常吃惊的是，他拒绝接受这么好的一份工作。,1(2010江西高考)We give dogs time，space and love we can spare，and _ ，dogs give us their all. Ain all Bin fact Cin short Din return,解析：考查介词短语。句意：我们抽出时间、空间和爱给予狗，而狗回报给我们的则是它们的全部。in all总共；in fact实际上；in sh

14、ort简而言之；in return作为报答。故D项符合句意。,答案：D,2(2010天津高考)My father warned me _ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists. Aby Bon Cfor Dagainst,解析：此题考查介词。warn sb. against doing sth.warn sb. not to do sth.“警告某人不要做某事”，为固定搭配。故选D项。,答案：D,3(2010辽宁高考)I agree to his suggestion _ the condition that

15、he drops all charges. Aby Bin Con Dto,解析：考查固定用法。句意：我同意接受他的提议，条件是他撤销全部的诉讼。on the condition that与连词if同义，表示“在条件下”，后接条件状语从句。根据句意选C项。,答案：C,4(2010江苏高考)So far we have done a lot to build a low carbon economy，but it is _ ideal. We have to work still harder. Anext to Bfar from Cout of Ddue to,解析：本题考查介词短语。句意：

16、为了发展低碳经济，到目前为止我们已经做了很多，但还远未达到理想程度。我们必须要更加努力。next to紧邻；far from远未，差得多；out of在之外；due to由于。根据句意可知答案为B项。,答案：B,1(2010福建高考)More and more high rise buildings have been built in big cities _ space. Ain search of Bin place of Cfor lack of Dfor fear of,解析：考查介词短语。in search of为了寻找，in place of取代，代替，for lack of由于

17、缺乏；for fear of由于担心。根据句意，可知C项正确。,答案：C,2(2010浙江高考)I guess weve already talked about this before but Ill ask you again just _. Aby nature Bin return Cin case Dby chance,解析：考查短语辨析。句意：我猜我们以前谈过这个问题，但以防万一，我还是要再问问你。in case表示“以防，万一”；by nature表示“天生，生性”；in return表示“作为的回报”；by chance则表示“偶然，意外地”。根据句意，这里选C项。,答案：C,

18、3(2011济南模拟)Going to work today，Brenda? No. Its my day _ today. Aout Bin Caway Doff,解析：考查介词辨析。its my day off“今天我休息”，是常用表达。,答案：D,4(2011哈尔滨调研)Ballet is not popular _ our city because most people think it is too expensive to take the classes. Ain Bwith Camong Don,解析：考查介词。句意为“芭蕾在我们市不太流行”，in 表示“在地方”。此题考生易

19、误选B项和C项，be popular with/among sb.表示“受某人欢迎”，介词后面接人。,答案：A,5(2011浙江金华联考)Many of the scientists and engineers are judged _ how great their achievements are. Ain spite of Bin charge of Cin favor of Din terms of,解析：考查介词短语。in spite of“尽管”；in charge of“负责，管理”；in favor of“支持，赞同”；in terms of“根据，就而言”。根据题干内容可知，

20、D项符合语境，即依据他们所取得的成就来评定。,答案：D,6(2011景德镇模拟)After the quarrel，I tried all my best to clear up the misunderstanding between us，but all my efforts seemed _. Ain trouble Bin case Cin time Din vain,解析：考查介词短语。根据语境可知此处表示“我所有的努力都白费了”，故用in vain“徒劳无益，枉费心机”。in trouble有麻烦，处于困境；in case以防万一；in time及时。,答案：D,7(2011南昌模

21、拟) Im sure that_ qualification，ability and experience，you are suited to the position. Aon account of Bin terms of Con the basis of Din the light of,解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：我确信就学历、能力和经验而言，你适合这个职位。in terms of就而言，从方面来说。 in the light of鉴于， 由于， 按照;比照;依;本着,答案：B,8(2011郑州调研)Parents are advised to keep pressure _ the

22、ir children and give them some encouragement before an exam. Aoff Bover Cfrom Dto,解析：考查介词辨析。本句所要表达的意思是让孩子摆脱压力，此处off表示“离开、去除”。over“在上面 ”，from表示“从”，to“向，对着”，都不符合语境。,答案：A,9(2011南通一模)People in Los Angels have no idea of distance on the map，so they measure distance_ time not miles. Aby way of Bby means o

23、f Cfor lack of Don account of,解析：本题考查短语。by way of经由，当作；by means of依靠，通过；for lack of因缺乏，因缺少；on account of由于，因为。根据句意“是通过时间而不是里来计算距离”，故选B。,答案：B,10(2011长沙二模)Being exposed for a long time _ strong sunlight might seriously damage your skin. Ain Bunder Cto Dover,解析：考查介词的固定搭配。be exposed to sth.为固定搭配，意思是“暴露于，遭受”。去掉干扰成分for a long time即可迅速找出答案。,答案：C,11(2011苏锡常镇四市教学调查)I can tell you nothing else about the new film _ what youve already known. Arather than Bas well as Cin spite of Dapart from,解析：考查短语辨析。apart from意思是“除了”。句意：关于那部新电影，除了你