新视野大学英语book3unit2textA.ppt

1、UNIT 2 Section A Iron and the Effects of Exercise,Second Edition,Objectives,Understanding the text and learning language points. 2. Grammar review: appositive + absolute structure. 3. Writing a passage organized in cause-and effect way. 4. Conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing

2、 activities related to the theme of the unit,Time allotment,Teaching Plan,Lead-in questions ( oral work ) Text analysis ( discourse analysis approach ) Language study ( functional approach ),Teaching methods,Teaching steps,Pre-reading tasks: 1) lead-in questions - answers 2) background information W

3、hile-reading tasks: 1) text analysis 2) language focus 3) writing skill Post-reading tasks: exercises and assignments,Teaching Plan,Lead In,Text analysis,Language Focus,Exercises,Assignments,Contents,Lead in,Why is iron important to our health? What will happen if you dont have enough iron? How to p

4、revent iron deficiency anemia? What foods are rich in iron? What do you know about the relation between exercise and health?,Why is iron important to our health?,Iron is a mineral that helps build red blood cells. Most importantly, iron helps your blood cells carry the oxygen that is needed for ener

5、gy. Getting the right amount of iron can improve your performance in sports and in school.,Lead in,You will become !,What will happen if you dont have enough iron?,anemic,Lead in,Lead in,How to prevent iron deficiency anemia?,Nutrition Tips: Choose breads and cereals that say “enriched” or “iron- fo

6、rtified” on the label. These foods have extra iron that can really boost your intake. Foods high in vitamin C help your body absorb iron. Eat iron-rich foods along with foods that are high in vitamin C. Dont take an iron supplement with caffeinated drink such as cola or coffee. Caffeine can interfer

7、e with iron absorption.,Lead in,What foods are rich in iron?,Good sources of iron include red meat, eggs, poultry (禽肉), fish, beans, and fortified cereals. It is important to know that your body absorbs iron from animal sources more easily than it absorbs iron from plant sources.,Lead in,What do you

8、 know about the relation between exercise and health?,Regular exercise is a critical part of staying healthy. People who are active live longer and feel better. Exercise can help you maintain a healthy weight. It can delay or prevent diabetes, some cancers and heart problems.,Text Analysis,Writing p

9、attern: Exposition An analysis of the whole text structure Paragraph writing technique,Text Analysis,Introducing the main topic p1: A new study found that exercise, even moderate exercise, may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women. p2-3: Direct quotations from Roseanne M. Lyle, the researcher o

10、f the study, to support p1.,Para 1-3:,Text Analysis,Iron deficiency is very common among women and various causes. p4: Causes: Ignoring the amount of iron take-in; monthly bleeding; rejecting red-meat;not consuming enough iron-rich food. p5: Cause: Iron loss from exercise. p6: Cause: Exercise can re

11、sult in iron loss through a variety of mechanism.,Para 4-6:,Text Analysis,Three stages of iron deficiency Stage 1: No symptoms Stage 2: Fatigue and poor performance Stage 3: People often feel weak, tired, and out of breath- and exercise performance is severely compromised.,Para 7-8:,Text Analysis,Us

12、e a better method to check the amount of iron stored in the blood and its advisable for both women and men to have a yearly blood test to check blood iron reserves.,Para 9:,Text Analysis,Advice on correcting iron deficiency p10: Modifying your diet or taking supplements p11: Selecting iron-fortified

13、 food; Cooking in iron pans; Avoiding drinking coffee or tea with meals. p12: Being careful about food choices and paying attention to warning signs.,Para10-12:,Text Analysis,Paragraph writing technique Writing a cause-and-effect paragraph. Para 4 can serve as an example. (See also SB p45),Language

14、Focus,Words and phrases Chinese to English Sentence structure,Words and Phrases,观察鸟类行为 遵守风俗 遵守纪律 遵守法律 遵守规章 庆祝生日 过圣诞节 过复活节 过感恩节,observe the behaviour of birds observe the customs observe the discipline observe the laws observe the rules observe ones birthday observe Christmas observe Easter observe T

15、hanksgiving,observe: vt. vi. 观察；遵守；注意到；评论说; 庆祝,observe:,他总是仔细观察,很少说话。 Heobservescarefully but says little. 你注意到她的话里有什么奇怪的地方没有? Have youobservedanything strange in her words? 每位公民都应该遵守交通规则。 All citizens shouldobservetraffic rules. 他说荣誉并非总是为应得的人所得。 He observed that honours did not always go to those w

16、ho deserved them.,moderate: adj.,适度运动对你有益。 Moderateexercise will be of benefit to you. 他的意见稳健不偏激。 He holdsmoderateopinions.,neither very big nor very small; not extreme; 适度的；温和的；稳健的；中等的,evidence:,没有充分的证据能证明他有罪。 There wasnt enoughevidenceto prove his guilt. 证词很不利于被告。 Evidenceweighted against the defe

17、ndant.,UC证词; 证据; 迹象sth, such as a fact, sign, or object that gives proof or reasons to believe or agree with sth,consume: vt.,Each year Americansconsumea high percentage of the worlds energy. 每年美国人都消耗掉世界能源的很大比例 Im sure that Chinese peopleconsumethe largest amount of rice in the world. 我敢肯定,世界上中国人吃掉的

18、大米最多。,vt. 消耗; 消费; 耗尽 use up vt. 大吃,大喝 eat or drink, especially eagerly or in large amounts,bounce back,He was pretty ill with the flu, but he bounced back nicely. 他患重流感，但康复得很好。 Although he was disappointed about not getting the job, Jack soon bounced back. 虽然杰克没找到工作很失望，但他很快就重新振作起来了。 Share prices bou

19、nced back today. 股票价格今天回升了。,v. feel better or become successful after experiencing something bad.,note: vt.,The report noted a complete disregard for the safety regulations. 报告特别提到人们对安全规定的漠视。 I failed to note that he had left. 我没有注意到他已经走了。,vt. 特别提到，指出 mention sth because its important or interesting

20、 vt. 注意 notice; vt. 记录 write down to remember,respectively: adv.,John and Peter work and studyrespectively. 约翰和彼得一个工作,一个学习。 The first, second and third prizes went to James, Lytton and Tomrespectively. 一等奖、二等奖、三等奖分别为詹姆斯、利顿和汤姆所得。,adv. 各自地, 各个地, 分别地 each separately in the order mentioned,up to,He is n

21、ot up to his work. 他不胜任工作。 The new stadium can hold up to 5000 spectators. 新体育场可容纳5000名观众。 This is up to you! 这取决于你。,多达; 胜任; 取决于,plus：,Two plus five is seven. 二加五等于七。 The temperature isplus four degrees. 温度为零上四度。 He seems to have mistaken a plus for a minus. 他似乎把正号误作负号了。 Their strengthplustheir spir

22、it makes them formidable. 他们的力量再加上勇气使得他们难于战胜。,prep.加；加上adj.正的；超过的 n.正数；加号；优势conj.并且, in addition,Health-conscious adj.,Some nouns and adjectives can be joined by a hyphen “-” to form adjectives. noun. + adj. adj. e.g. iron-richhealth-consciouswater-proofwaist-deepice-coldsnow-whiteworld-famouscarefr

23、ee tax-freefire-proof,restrict vt.,He feels this new law will restrict his freedom. 他觉得这一新法律会限制他的自由。 He restricted himself to five cigarettes a day. 他约束自己每天只抽五支烟。 The reports are restricted to descriptions and give no opinions about the facts. 那些报道只限于记录事实,而未加以任何评论。,vt. 限制; 约束 limit; keep within limi

24、ts,be restricted in ones movements 行动受约束be restricted to 限于,局限于be restricted within narrow limits 限于狭窄范围,be liable to/ for :,(to sth./ do sth.) likely to do sth bad or unpleasant 可能，倾向 We are all liable to make mistakes when were tired. 我们疲劳的时候都容易出错。 Children are liable to catch cold.小孩易患感冒 This are

25、a is liable to flooding. 该地区易遭受水灾。 People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars. 在草地上走会被罚款五美元。 (for) 有法律责任的,有义务的 responsible by law If you have an accident, Ill be liable. 小心!你要是出事,我是要负责的。 He is liable for his fathers debts. 他对父亲的债务负有偿还责任。,tip sb. over the edge :,tip: vi. 口语疯狂，精神错乱

26、,Stress is pushing him over the edge. 压力正在将他推向崩溃的边缘 Not being able to cope with everyday life, they were tipped over the edge into breakdown. 因为不能应付日常生活，他们处于崩溃的边缘。,variety :,n. 多样；种类；杂耍；变化，多样化,The hotel offers its guests a wide variety of amusements. 这个旅馆为住客提供了各种各样的娱乐活动。 We all need variety in our d

27、iet. 我们都需要饮食多样化.,give variety to 使丰富多彩 variety shop/store杂货店；百货行 improved variety 改良的品种 variety dish 杂烩 variety theatre 杂耍剧场 for a variety of reasons 由于种种原因 in a variety of ways 用种种方法 a great / wide variety of多种多样的,词汇搭配：,typical:,adj.特有的；典型的；有代表性的 = usual, characteristic,His father was atypicalnovel

28、ist of his time. 他的父亲是那个时代的有代表性的小说家。 It wastypicalof him to be so rude. 他一向是非常粗暴无礼。 That sarcastic reply istypicalof him. 只有他才会那样挖苦地回答。,typically:,adv.典型地；代表性地；通常，一般；不出所料地 = usually,Typically, he would come in late and then say that he had to go early. 他一向是来得很晚，然后又总说他得早走。 Women in developing countri

29、es typically have their first child when they are very young. 在发展中国家,妇女通常在非常年轻的时候就孕育她们第一个孩子。,compromise: vt.,n. 让步 vt. 连累, 危害, 损害,The spokesman made it clear that no compromise was yet in sight. 发言人表明,目前还不会妥协 They found it wiser to compromise with her. 他们觉得与她妥协更明智。 Such conduct will compromise your

30、reputation. 这些举动将会损害你的名誉。,advisable: adj.,明智的; 可取的 = sensible; wise,It is advisable for you to apply for the teaching position. 你申请那个教师职位是明智的。 I do not think it advisable to park our car here. 我认为将我们的小汽车停放在此处是不妥当的。 It is advisable that we (should) stay at home instead of going to the movies. 我们还是不去看

31、电影,而呆在家里好,modify: vt. obtain; originate derive (sth.) from sth.,We derive our food from the land. 我们从土地获取食物。 We can derive great pleasure from our studies. 我们可以从读书研究中获得极大的乐趣。 The word derives from French. 这个词来自法语。,striking: adj.,显著的,突出的 which draws the attention 引人注目的,容貌出众的 attractive, beautiful,The

32、re is a striking difference between Jane and Mary. 简和玛丽之间有显著的差异。 She always wears striking clothes. 她总是穿着引人注目的衣服。 She is a very striking young woman. 她是一位非常引人注目的年轻女子。,interfere: vi.,vi. (in) 干预; 调停 push oneself into a matter which does not concern one vi. (with) 妨碍 get in the way of another,I never

33、interfere in his affairs. 我从不干涉他的事。 Constant interruptions interfere with my work. 一次又一次的干扰妨碍我的工作。 As he is always interfering, I told him to mind his own business. 因为他常来指手画脚,所以我让他少管闲事,Chinese to English,耐力运动员 缺铁性贫血 中等强度的锻炼 服用补铁剂 恢复健康 育龄妇女 保健意识强的女性 限制饮食 由于未知的原因,endurance athletes iron deficiency ane

34、mia moderate exercise take iron supplements bounce back women of childbearing age health-conscious women restrict ones diet for unknown reasons,Chinese to English,铁质储量低 推荐的日摄取量 通过多种机制 铁质储量低 疲倦和力不从心 大打折扣；受损 长跑运动员 调整饮食,low iron reserve recommended daily allowance through a variety of mechanisms low ir

35、on reserve fatigue and poor performance be severely compromised long distance runners modify ones diet,Sentence structure,I. Please observe how a pair of sentences can be combined using an appositive. e.g. The first and most common is having low iron reserves. Its a condition that typically has no s

36、ymptoms. The first and most common is having low iron reserves, a condition that typically has no symptoms.,Sentence structure,Combine the following groups of sentences using an appositive. Mr. Howe is my favorite professor. He has received a Distinguished Teacher Award. Mr. Howe, my favorite profes

37、sor, has received a Distinguished Teacher Award.,Sentence structure,2. Yesterday I went fishing. This is something I hadnt done in years. Yesterday I went fishing, something I hadnt done in years.,3. Some women are normally inactive but then all of a sudden start a program of intense exercise. This

38、action breaks the laws of sports science. Some women are normally inactive but then all of a sudden start a program of intense exercise, an action that breaks the laws of sports science.,Sentence structure,II. Please observe how a pair of sentences can be combined using an absolute structure.,e.g. T

39、he iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a striking increase. The level went up nearly 30 times. The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a striking increase, the level going up nearly 30 times.,Sentence structure,Combine the f

40、ollowing groups of sentences using an absolute structure. 1. His homework was done. His composition was written. Larry decided to go and see the film. His homework done, his composition written, Larry decided to go and see the film.,Sentence structure,2. The manager sat quietly in the office. His ey

41、es were closed. He waited for the telephone to ring. The manager sat quietly in the office, (his) eyes closed, waiting for the telephone to ring.,3. The room was a mess. Empty bottles and beer cans were everywhere. The room was a mess, (with) empty bottles and beer cans (being) everywhere.,Exercises

42、: Vocabulary: EX: III, P. 36,Vocabulary III. 1. moderate 2. consume 3. advisable 4. modified 5. evidence 6. restricted 7. calculate 8. remedy 9. impact 10. sufficient,Exercises: Vocabulary: EX: IV, P. 37,Vocabulary IV. 1. bounce back 2. summed up 3. Up to 4. at risk 5. went to zero 6. goes up 7. int

43、erfere with 8. derived from 9. In general 10 take in,Exercises: Vocabulary: EX: V, VI P. 38,Vocabulary V. 1. G 2. K 3. O 4. N 5. J 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. F 10. I Collocation VI. 1. cost 2. pollution 3. potential 4. quality 5. chance 6. crime 7. interest 8. efficiency 9. strength 10. creativity,Exercises:

44、 Word Building : EX: VI-VII P. 40,VII. 1. appearance 2. utterances 3. attendance 4. hindrance 5. maintenance 6. resistance 7. performance 8. existence 9. occurrence 10. acceptance VIII. 1. world-famous 2. ice-cold 3. snow-white 4. waterproof 5. waist-deep 6. carefree,Exercises: Word Building : EX: V

45、I-VII P. 40,VII. 1. appearance 2. utterances 3. attendance 4. hindrance 5. maintenance 6. resistance 7. performance 8. existence 9. occurrence 10. acceptance VIII. 1. world-famous 2. ice-cold 3. snow-white 4. waterproof 5. waist-deep 6. carefree,Exercises: Sentence Structure: EX: IX,IX. Mr. Howe, my

46、 favorite professor, has received a Distinguished Teacher Award. Yesterday I went fishing, something I hadnt done in years. Some women are normally inactive but then all of a sudden start a program of intense exercise, an action that breaks the laws of sports science. Even a brief visit to Greece, a modern country with ancient civilization, gives you a deep sense of its culture. The ancient Chinese, a people of inventors, discoverers, phil