高考英语完形填空之解题技巧02318.ppt

1、完形填空,解题技巧,完型填空 之能力训练目标： 词语辨析能力 语法结构分析能力 语篇理解能力 逻辑推理能力 文化背景透析能力 作者意图剖析能力 生活常识综合运用能力,题材常为说明文或夹叙夹议的文章. 内容完整,逻辑性强,语言结构严谨. 考察近义词语细微差别的辨析. 考察重点多为实词:名/代/动词/形容/副词等. 关注语境背景知识,侧重上下关联,暗示判断能力. 侧重于篇章,体现语用判断和内在逻辑.,完型填空特点:,完形填空总体要求,完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。 解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识

2、等进行解题。,解题方法：,总的原则: “先完意，后完形”。,八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。,三步曲：读填读,三步答题,Step1 Skip(跳读) the passage to get the general idea and pay attention to the first sentence.,In the cloze test, there is no blank in the first sentence (首句). It helps us to know the topic of the whole passage. (完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）,Step2 Reread

3、and choose the best answer for each blank by using some methods. (在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案),Four methods(四种常用的方法)：,1、context (上下文语境) 2、word distinctions or collocations (词语辨析和固定搭配) 3、information given in the passage (利用文章中的信息-原词复现、近义词和反义词等) 4、cultural background and common sense (文化背景和常识),Step3

4、Read the passage again and check the answers. （将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查）,Tips: 1. the tense and the voice，the accord between subject and predicate (时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致) 2. grammar and collocations (语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否一致) 3. the connection between sentences and paragraphs (段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯) 4. the meaning of the

5、 whole passage (整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理),完形填空之 九大解题技巧,利用首句来解题,I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was 36 and when I was 14, he said, “Youre never going to be 37(anything) but a failure. ” 36.A. brightB. useless C. simple D. hopeful,2. 根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题,Our father was a struggling

6、36(lawyer) , but I always knew he was 37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best. 37.A. strictB. honest C. special D. learned 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise,Practice His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 a

7、bout that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight. 43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked 44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker,常见的标志性的词语有以下几种: 结构层次:firstly, secondly, thirdly； 逻辑关系：thus, therefore, so； 递进关系：besides, whats more, further; 转折关系：but, while, however等。,3. 利用语篇的标志性的

8、词语解题,She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) _1_vacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed. 1.A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. important,_,and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms ha

9、d a very strange_37_quite pleasant taste. 37. A. besides B. but C. and D. or,4. 根据逻辑推理解题,Students generally appreciate these special 50 opportunities. They are almost always fun and interesting, and professors 51 them too because students learn so much in just a few short months. 50. A. working B. l

10、iving C. teaching D. learning 51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover,Practice,The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert. Adry Bdistant Cdeserted Dwild,5. 根据常识和文化

11、背景的角度来选择,I went into a caf and asked for a coffee. 21 I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed 22 (loneliness). ABefore BSince CAlthough DWhile,6.从语法角度来解题,1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming_1_.So he shouldnt have gone into that

12、 place. 1.A.after all B.in all C.at all D. for all 2) So I tried hard with my writing and went to college . My first novel 45 while I was at college. 45. A. came on B. came in C. came out D. came back,7.从词汇辨析和固定搭配方面来解题,8.利用词汇的复现解题,How does a tooth go bad? The 51 begins in a little crack in the ename

13、l (珐琅）covering of the tooth. This happens after germs and bits of food have collected there. Then the decay slowly spreads inside the tooth. In the end, poison goes into blood, and we may feel quite ill. 51. A. destruction B. decay C. fault D. hurt,上文中讲蛀牙如何产生。 空51和红体单词在意义上是一致的， 属于同义词复现现象。,.I raised

14、the pistol and fired. The animal fell backwards with an angry cry. Father took the _38_ smoking pistol from my hand , and fired another shot, which killed the gorilla. 38. A. still B. yet C. even D. already,9.利用语气副词的情景解题,完形填空之 实战训练,Are dreams of any use to the dreamer or to anybody else? We may reme

15、mber the traveler who _1_ the ship Waratah at Durban because of his terrible _2_. The Waratah later disappeared entirely, with everyone on _3_. The travelers dreams helped him and saved him from _4_, but they didnt help the other people. Why was this man treated _5_ from everyone else?,1. A. leftB.

16、got C. droveD. enter 2. A. ideas B. suggestions C. dreamsD. words 3. A. boardB. ship C. seaD. deck 4. A. lifeB. death C. illnessD. disease 5. A. similarly B. differently C. strangely D. unfortunately,left,board,death,differently,dreams,Another man _6_ had a dream about the Black Forest in Germany. I

17、n his dream he was walking in the forest _7_ two men ran out and tried to throw him to the _8_. He ran off as fast as he could, but they followed. He reached a place _9_ he saw two _10_ roads in front of him, one to the right and the other to the left. Which road ought he to _11_ ?,6. A. aloneB. onc

18、e C. stillD. even 7. A. whileB. as C. beforeD. when 8. A. floorB. earth C. soilD. ground 9. A. whichB. that C. whereD. who 10. A. sameB. separate C. dividedD. crossed 11. A. takeB. bring C. carryD. go,句型,下文有暗示,宾语,separate,where,ground,when,once,take,He heard the two men _12_ him, getting nearer and

19、at the same time he heard a voice in his ear. It told him to go to the _13_ , and he did so. He ran on and soon came to a small hotel. He was _14_ here kindly and given a room, and so he was _15_ from the two men. That was the dream.,12. A. next to B. in front of C. besideD. behind 13. A. houseB. hotel C. leftD. right 14. A. accepted B. received C. refusedD. closed 15. A. killed B. murdered C. savedD. robbed,behind,right,下文有暗示,re