高中英语 Book5 Unit5 First aid语法省略学案新人教版必修5

1、高二年级英语 必修五第五单元学案省略Ellipsis【目标解读】Teaching goals:学生掌握在不同句式中的省略 【自主阅读学习】The definition of Ellipsis 观察总结省略的定义：_ -Where did you see her? -In the supermarket. -Whos on duty today? -I am.Different kinds fo Ellipsis一. 省略名词He had a good time at the Smiths _ She had her hair cut at a barbers_二. 省略介词spend/ was

2、te time_ doing sth. have trouble/ difficulty _ doing sth. be busy_ doing sth. Theres no sense / point_ doing sth. prevent sb._ doing sth. see_ _ that everyone is here on time.三. 省略连词 Look at the man_ you spoke of last night. I believe _ you will succeed. Now _ you mention it, I do remember. I suppos

3、e_ he is clever and _ he works hard.四. 虚拟语气中的省略, 即：省if虚拟倒装If he had been more careful, the accident wouldnt have happened._If I were you, I would do it better. _If there should be a flood, what should we do? _高考链接1. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were

4、 B. Should C. Would D. Will 2. _ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A. If it is not B. Were C. Had it not been D. If they were not 五.句子成分省略1）省主语 ( ) Beg your parden! ( ) sounds a good idea!2）省谓语 who ( ) next! She did all she could ( ) to help him.3) 省表语 He looks young

5、er than he ( )4) 省定语 He spent part of the money, and the rest ( ) he set aside.5) 省状语 He was not hurt. ( ) strange! How ( ) I miss you!6) 同时省去若干成分 What exciting news ( )!六. 状语从句中的省略1）由when, while, as, once，whenever引导的时间状语从句；或由if，unless引导的条件状语从句；由though，although，even if ，even though引导的让步状语从句；由as thou

6、gh，as if，as引导的方式状语从句；由wherever引导的地点状语从句，若从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be. (1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be, 这时从句中可出现如下结构:连词(as, as if, once+名词) Once (he was) a teacher, he now works in a government office.连词(though, whether, when)+形容词 Work hard when (you are) young ,or youll regret.连

7、词(when, while, though)+现在分词 While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.连词(when, if ,even if, unless, once, until, than, as)+过去分词连词(as if, as though)+不定式 He opened his mouth as if (he were ) to speak.高考链接： 1. When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. int

8、roducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 2. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing B. hav

9、ing seen C. to have seen D. to see 4. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken 5. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having i

10、nvited 6. When _ , the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 7. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in 8. The research is so designed that once _ nothing ca

11、n be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 2）当从句主语是 It, 谓语动词有含有系动词be时,可以把 it系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词（ if /unless/when/whenever+形容词）的结构。如：Unless（it is ）necessary, youd better not refer to the dictionary. 用心记住： If/unless/when/where + possible/necessary另外,我们还可以用so或not代替上文内容,此时可有 if

12、 + so/not。Get up early tomorrow. If not ( you dont get up early), you will miss the early bus.He may not be at home then, if so (he is not at home), leave him a note. 3）在than或asas引导的从句中,常含有一些成分在上下文清楚的情况下被省略。He has made greater progress than (he did) before/ever. He came home earlier than (he was) ex

13、pected.She works as hard as young people.七. 在限定性定语从句中 作宾语的关系代词that，which, whom可以省略；在以the same. as和such. as引导的定语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分；the way后面的定语从句中，可以省略that，in which；在含被动语态的定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，可以省略关系代词和be,省略之后,变成过去分词短语作定语。 高考链接： 1. -You re always working. Come on, lets go shopping. - _ you ever want to do is

14、 going shopping. A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That 2. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C.

15、in the way D. the way which 4. It is easy to do the repair. _ you need is a hammer and some nails. A. Something B. All C. Both D. Everything 5. Thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _ hes done for you. A. something B. anything C. all D. that 八. 宾语从句中的省略1）由which, when, where, how和w

16、hy 引导的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去,只保留引导词。Please pass me one of these books, I dont care which (you pass me).2) 在Im afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等开头的作答句中，后面跟so 与 not 分别用于肯定或否定宾语是,宾语从句可省去。I think/believe/hope/guess so/not=I dont think/believe so-Do you think it will rain? -I hope not (that it will not

17、 rain). 注：不可用I dont hope so.3）及物动词后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。They said (that) she was a beautiful girl and that she was clever. 九. 不定式的省略, 不定式符号to的去留1）在expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish, afford等后面 I asked him to see the film，but he didnt want

18、to.2）在have, need, ought, be going, used等后面。3) 在某些形容词pleased, glad, happy，eager，ready，willing等后面。-Will you join the game? -Id be glad to.4) 否定形式的省略用not to.如果不定式中含有be, have, have been, 通常保留to be, to have 和to have been. -He hasnt finished yet. -Well, he ought to have. -Are you an engineer? -No, but I w

19、ant to be. - He hasnt finished the task yet. - Well, he ought to have.5) 在see, watch, hear, feel, observe, notice, listen to等感官动词或短语及make, have, let等使役动词之后6) cant/couldnt help but do sth. 只好做某事 7）情态动词后接不带to的不定式had better would rather=would sooner may as well ought to used toYou might as well go with

20、out her. No one could do rather than wait here8) 不定式结构作but, except, besides等介词宾语且but, except, besides前面有动词do的不同的谓语形式，不定式省to eg.I could do other things besides _(play) football after school.I have no choice but _(accept) the fact.He has nothing to do except _（sleep）9) 含有do的名词性从句作主语，表语是不定式，to可以省去What

21、they wanted to do was _(win) the games.All I can do is _(help) you finish the work on time.高考链接1. As youve never been there before, Ill have someone _ you the way. A. to show B. show C. showing D. showed 2. -Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? -Not at all, _ . A. I h

22、ave no time B. Id rather not C. Id like it D. Id be happy to 3. -Does your brother intend to study German? -Yes, he intends _ . A. / B. to C. so D. that 4.-Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight? - _ . A. Yes, Id like to go to the Grand Theatre B. No, I wontC. Id like to, but I ha

23、ve an exam tomorrow D. Thats right 5. -You should have thanked her before you left. -I meant _ , but when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere. A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing to 十.在否定结构中 由nor，neither等引导的连续否定的句子也是一种省略句，这种句子在意思上与前面的句子是相同的，而且主谓用倒装。 高考链接： 1. I didnt know what was on his mind at t

24、he time, nor did _ . A. anyone B. anyone else C. no one D. no one else 2. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither _ any end to their influence on mans lives. A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there 3. -I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! - _ . A.

25、 Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I 十一. 背记固定省略句型 what? What if its raining? Why not try again? So what?What about having a game of chess? Guess what? How come they left you alone here.固定省略 No parking ! Of course not No problem! Congratulations!十二. If ever = if (sb. have) ever (do

26、ne sth.) if any = if (there is) any () if not/so 即时操练 1. -Are there any English story books for us students in the library? -There are only a few, _. A. if have B. if any C. if some D. if ever 2. -Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? A. if ever B. if bus-Yes, _, Im going to visi

27、t some homes for the old in the city. C. if anything D. if possible 3. -I heard Tom was badly injured in the football match. -_, lets go and see him. A. If so B. In that case C. If necessary D. When possible巩固练习 1._,Iwillhelpyouwithyourwork.A.IfIampossibleB.IfitpossibleC.Ifpossible D.Possible2.Doyou

28、followme?Yes,_.A.itisgood B.Iwill C.perfectly D.verygood3.-Howareyougettingonwithyourwork?-Oh,Imsorry.Thingsarentgoingsowellas_.A.plans B.planning C.planned D.toplan4.Areyouateacher?No,butI_.Iworkedinamiddleschoolforthreeyears.A.am B.will C.do D.was5.Howmanypoorcountieswilltherebeinourprovinceby2010

29、?Therewillbeonlyafew,if_.A.much B.some C.any D.many6.WhydidntyoucometoMikesbirthdaypartyyesterday?Well,I_,butIforgotit.A.shouldB.mustC.shouldhave D.musthave7.Doctorshavesaidthatasmanyas50%ofpatientsdonttakemedicine_.A.likedirectedB.tobedirectedC.asdirectedD.sothatdirected8. The killer insisted that

30、she was defending herself when _.A. attacking B. attacked C. to attack D. having attacked9. -I reminded you not to forget to turn off the lights when you left the classroom. -_. A So did I B. So you did C. So do you D. I do so10. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by t

31、he police _.A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not11 There are some health problems that, when _ in time, can become bigger ones later on.A. not treated B. not being treated C. not to be treated D. not have been treated12 Anyone, once _ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government. A. to be tested B. being tested C. tested D. to test13 Before you quit your job, _ how you