2016新课标三维人教英语 选修七 unit 5 section

1、Section_Learning_about_Language_&_Using_Language原文呈现 读文清障PeruPeru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America. It has three main geographical areas: a narrow coastal belt; the Andes Mountains running parallel to the coast; and high, flat plains in the southeast. In the high plains area is Lak

2、e Titicaca， the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel. Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle.Once the centre of the powerful and extremely wealthy Inca Empire， much of South America was governed by Spain from the sixteenth century onwards. Peru finally g

3、ained its independence from Spain in 1821. The capital of Peru is Lima, which is in the north on the coast. The ancient Inca capital, Cuzco, is found high in the Andes. It is a popular tourist destinationas it is close to the famous Inca ruins of the city of Machu Picchu. Cuzco is a lively city with

4、 many hotels and inns， where both Indian and Spanish culture and art can be seen. 1Why is Cuzco popular with tourists?2What is special about Lake Titicaca?3What do you think the two official languages of Peru are？on the coast of 在的海岸线上the Andes /ndiz/ Mountains安第斯山脉parallel /prlel/ adj.平行的；相同的；类似的La

5、ke Titicaca /tItIkk/ 的的喀喀湖In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca是倒装句。还原后是Lake Titicaca is in the high plains area。 the highest lake in the world是Lake Titicaca的同位语，on which引导非限制性定语从句。abundant /bndnt/ adj.丰富的；充裕的Inca /Ik/ Empire印加帝国govern /vn/ vt. & vi.统治；支配；管理onwards /nwdz/ adv.向前地；前进地gain ones ind

6、ependence 获得独立which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Lima。destination /destIneIn/ n目的地ruin n废墟；崩溃；垮掉 v毁坏，断送Machu Picchu /mtupiktu/马丘比丘(秘鲁)inn /In/ n客栈where both Indian and Spanish .是非限制性定语从句，定语从句与先行词隔开，该定语从句叫分隔式定语从句。秘鲁秘鲁是南美洲临太平洋海岸的一个国家。秘鲁有三大主要地理地区：狭长的海岸带，与海岸平行的安第斯山脉以及东南部地势较高的平原地区。在高原地区有的的喀喀湖，这是世界上海拔最高的湖，在湖上可以行船。秘鲁有着多种多样

7、的植物，从沙漠中的草到大片的热带丛林。秘鲁曾经是强盛而极为富裕的印加帝国的中心，从16世纪起，南美洲许多地区都是由西班牙统治的。秘鲁最终于1821年脱离西班牙而独立。秘鲁的首都是利马，位于北部的临海地区。在安第斯的高山之上发现了古印加帝国的首都库斯科。这儿是旅游的热点，因为它离马丘比丘城著名的印加遗址很近。库斯科有很多旅店和小酒店，是一座富有活力的城市，在那儿你可以看到印第安和西班牙的文化艺术。1为什么库斯科受旅游人士的欢迎？2.的的喀喀湖有什么特别之处？3.你认为秘鲁有哪两种官方语言？PERUPeru offers a variety of experiences from ancient

8、ruins and centuriesold Spanish villages to thick forests, high mountains and desert coastline. TRAVEL PERU offers tours for all ages and tastes. The following tours are based at Cuzco， the site of the ancient capital of the Inca civilization.Tour 1Experience the jungle and its diverse wildlife close

9、 up. During this fourday walking tour， you will be amazed by mountain scenery and the ancient ruins we pass on our hike. On the last day, we arrive at the ruins of Machu Picchu in time to see the sunrise over the Andes. Spend the day visiting the ruins of this ancient Inca city before catching the t

10、rain back to Cuzco.Peru /pru/ n秘鲁(南美国家)a variety of许多的；各种各样的centuriesold adj.有几百年历史的taste n口味；爱好，喜好Cuzco /ksk/ n库斯科(秘鲁南部城市)civilization n文明diverse adj.种类不同的close up靠近，接近fourday walking tour 4天的徒步旅行，fourday是合成形容词，作定语，此时day不用复数形式。动名词walking作定语，修饰tour。be amazed by/at 对叹为观止，对惊叹scenery nU风景，风光we pass on

11、our hike是省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词the ancient ruins。hike /haIk/ vi.& n远足；徒步旅行in time to see . 及时看到秘鲁秘鲁提供各种各样的旅游经历，从古代的遗址、具有数百年历史的西班牙式的村庄，到茂密的森林、耸立的高山和临海的沙漠。“秘鲁之旅”为各个年龄段不同品位的人提供旅游服务。下列旅游项目都是从库斯科出发，库斯科是印加文化的古都所在地。旅游路线1体验丛林，近距离观赏种类繁多的野生生物。在四天的徒步旅游中，山区的风景和步行途经的古代遗址将会令你叹为观止。最后一天到达马丘比丘遗址，正好能及时看到安第斯山上的日出。白天参观古印加城

12、的遗址，然后乘火车返回库斯科。Tour 2A fullday trip by road from Cuzco to Puno with fantastic views of the highlandcountryside. From Puno, we travel by boat across Lake Titicaca, stopping on the way at thefloating islands of the Uros people. These floating islands and the Uros Indians housesare made of the water pl

13、ants that grow in the lake. A fullday stay with a local familygives you an opportunity to learn more about their life. Return to Puno on the fourth dayfor your flight back to Lima. Tour 3Spend four days high in the Andes at Cuzco. Learn about its history and visit the museums. Admire the Spanish arc

14、hitecture， enjoy some excellent Spanish cuisine and take some time to bargain for some souvenirs at the colourful markets. Take the train up to Machu Picchu for a guided tour of the ruins and the royal tomb of the Inca king.Tour 4A short flight from Cuzco takes you from the Andes into the lowlands o

15、f the Amazon Jungle. From here youll travel by boat to your accommodation in a forest reserve， which holds the record for the most bird sightings in one area. From the guesthouse you can explore the jungle in the company of a local guide.Puno /pun/ n普诺(秘鲁)fantastic adj.极好的；奇异的；难以置信的现在分词短语“stopping o

16、n the way .”作状语，表补充说明。the Uros people乌罗族人动名词“floating”作定语，修饰islands。be made of由制成(从制成品能看出原材料)that引导定语从句，修饰the water plants，that在从句中作主语。opportunity n机会Lima /lim/ n利马(秘鲁首都)admire vt.羡慕；钦佩architecture n建筑cuisine n菜肴bargain v讨价还价 n便宜货souvenir n纪念品guided adj.有指导的tomb /tum/ n坟墓accommodation n住所；住宿reserve

17、n此处作“保护区”讲，还可作“保护；保留”讲hold a record保持纪录which holds the record .是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰a forest pany n陪伴旅游路线2全日乘车旅游，从库斯科到普诺，观赏高原乡村的秀丽景色。我们从普诺乘船穿过的的喀喀湖，半途停歇在乌罗族人的浮岛上。这些浮岛和乌罗印第安人的房子都是用种在湖里的水草做成的。有一整天的时间待在当地居民的家里，这样你会有机会更多地了解他们的生活。第四天返回普诺，再乘飞机返回利马。旅游路线3在库斯科的安第斯高山上玩四天。 了解它的历史，参观博物馆。观赏西班牙式的建筑，品尝西班

18、牙美味，在五颜六色的市场上花些时间讨价还价买点纪念品。乘火车去马丘比丘，由导游陪同去参观遗址和印加国王的皇家墓地。旅游路线4从库斯科乘飞机作一次短途飞行，从安第斯山到亚马孙河丛林的低地。从这里可以乘船到森林保护区的接待站，这个护林区保持着一项观鸟纪录，即在一个地区可以看到最多的鸟类。你还可以在当地导游的陪同下，从接待站出发去丛林探险。Read the text and choose the best answers.1On which tours can you visit the famous Inca ruins of the city of Machu Picchu?ATour 1 an

19、d Tour 2.BTour 2 and Tour 3.CTour 1 and Tour 3.DTour 3 and Tour 4.2Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?APeru has the highest lake in the world.BPeru is short of wildlife.CPeru has only one official language.DPeru mainly has four geographical areas.3Which is not mention

20、ed in the passage?APeru lies on the Pacific coast.BBoats can travel on Lake Titicaca.CPeru has two official languages.DLima is the capital of Peru.4From the second paragraph, we can find out that_played an important role in the Inca civilization.ASpainBRussiaCChina DAmerica5Why is Cuzco popular with

21、 tourists?ABecause it is the capital of Peru.BBecause it is close to the famous ruins of the city of Machu Picchu.CBecause it is a lively city.DBecause it is the ancient Inca capital.6If you want to get an opportunity to learn about the Uros Indians life, you can choose_.ATour 1 BTour 2CTour 3 DTour

22、 4答案：16CACABB一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.routine n 常规；日常事务adj. 通常的；例行的2.cage n. 鸟笼；兽槛3.drill vi. & vt. 钻(孔)n. 钻；钻机4.oilfield_ n. 油田5.parallel adj. 平行的；相同的；类似的6.destination n. 目的地.拓展词汇1.apology n道歉；谢罪apologize v道歉；谢罪2.optional adj.可选择的；随意的option n选择3.agent n代理人；经纪人agency n代理机构4.abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的abun

23、dance n. 丰富5.govern vt. & vi.统治；支配；管理government n. 政府governor n统治者；主管；州长1.routine n常规；日常事务adj.通常的；例行的词块break the routine打破常规 daily routine 例行公事2.optional adj.可选择的；随意的反义compulsory adj. 强制的，强迫的词块optional/compulsory subjects 选修/必修课3.与“旅游”相关的高频词汇集锦destination n. 目的地tourist attraction 旅游景点a place of inte

24、rest 风景；名胜schedule n. 时刻表accommodation n. 住处；膳宿guide n. 向导；导游route n. 路线travel agency 旅行社二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.make_an_apology道歉2day_in_and_day_out 日复一日3out_of_the_question 不可能；不允许；不值得讨论4search_for 寻找；搜寻5a_variety_of 种种；各种各样的6settle_in (迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来1.run parallel to the coast与海岸平行2abundant plants

25、多种多样的植物3a popular tourist destination 旅游热点4all ages and tastes 各种年龄和品位的人5walking tour 徒步旅游6a guided tour 导游陪同一起旅游三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel. 在高原地区有的的喀喀湖，这是世界上海拔最高的湖，在湖上可以行船。地点状语放于句首，句子使用全部倒装句式。In_the_front_of_t

26、he_lecture_hall_sat the speaker. 演讲者坐在演讲厅前面。2.From here youll travel by boat to your accommodation in a forest reserve, which holds the record for the most bird sightings in one area. 从这里可以乘船到森林保护区的接待站，这个护林区保持着一项观鸟纪录，即在一个地区可以看到最多的鸟类。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词a forest reserve并在从句中作主语。He told me a story ye

27、sterday, which_I_think_is_very_interesting. 他昨天给我讲了一个故事，我认为这个故事很有趣。1(教材P40)Sara acknowledged her mistake and made an apology immediately.莎拉承认了错误并且立刻道歉。apology n道歉；谢罪(1)make an apology to sb. for .因向某人道歉owe sb. an apology 应该向某人道歉accept an apology 接受道歉demand an apology 要求道歉(2)apologize vi. 道歉apologize

28、 to sb. for sth./doing sth. 因某事向某人道歉You should make an apology to her for your carelessness.你应该为你的粗心大意向她赔礼道歉。Im afraid I was rather badtempered yesterday. I think I owe_you_an_apology.恐怕我昨天的脾气不怎么好，我认为应该向你道歉。Harry apologized to his teacher for coming to school late. 哈利为上学迟到向老师认错。2(教材P40)Day in and da

29、y out I follow almost the same routine. I fit in quite well.日复一日地，我遵循几乎同样的惯例。我适应得相当好。day in and day out 日复一日day after day日复一日(强调动作)day by day 一天天(强调变化)day and night 日日夜夜He plays tennis day in and day out.他日复一日地打网球。Day_in_and_day_out,_no matter what the weather is like, she walks ten miles.不管天气如何，她每天

30、步行十英里。He often went to see the tree he planted and found it taller and taller day by day.他常去看他栽的那棵树，发现它一天天地长高了。Youve spoiled your eyes by watching the computer screen day_after_day.你日复一日地盯着电脑屏幕，已经损害了眼睛。3(教材P43)Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle.秘鲁有着多种多样的植物，从沙漠中的草到大片

31、的热带丛林。abundant adj. 丰富的；充裕的(1)be abundant in富有；很丰富(2)abundance n. 丰富；充裕in abundance 大量；充裕an abundance of 大量的The district is abundant in fruit. 这地区水果丰富。There is firewood in abundance in the forest.森林里有很多的木柴。There is a great abundance (abundant) of sunshine here.这里阳光充足。4(教材P43)Its out of the question.

32、那是不可能的。out of the question 不可能的；不值得讨论的out of question没有问题；毫无疑问beyond/without question 毫无疑问We cannot go out in this weather, it is out of the question.天气这么糟，我们不能出去，这是不可能的。Out of/Beyond/Without question, it is his handwriting.毫无疑问，这是他的字迹。 名师点津有无the不一样的介词短语集锦：5settle in (迁入新居；更换工作后)安顿下来settle down安下心来；

33、定居settle (oneself) down to sth. 安下心来做某事settle on 决定settle up 付清；还清欠款We settled in our new home.我们住进了新房。After working here and there for several years, he wants to settle down to a permanent job.在这儿那儿工作了几年之后，他想安下心来找份永久性的工作。He needed ten yuan to settle up this bill.他需要十块钱来付清这一账单。In the high plains are

34、a is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel.在高原地区有的的喀喀湖，这是世界上海拔最高的湖，在湖上可以行船。句中主句in the high plains . 实际上是一个倒装句，主语是 Lake Titicaca, in the high plains area 作表语，the highest lake . 是 Lake Titicaca 的同位语。(1)当表示地点的介词短语，如on a hill, in the valley，round the corner等位于句首，动词为be,

35、come, go, lie, stand, walk等时，句子常用完全倒装，即将整个谓语部分放在主语前面。Round the corner of the street is a flower shop.在街道拐角处有一家花店。On a hill in front of them stood_a_great_castle.在他们面前的山上矗立着一座巨大的城堡。(2)将下列词置于句首，主语不是代词，且谓语为 be, go, come 等不及物动词时，句子要用完全倒装。Here is the money I promised you.这是我答应给你的钱。First, a man cried for

36、help. Then_followed a shot of gun.先是一个男人喊救命，接着是一声枪响。(3)作表语的形容词、过去分词等较短，而主语相对较长，为了保持句子平衡而将表语前置构成完全倒装。Gone_are_the_days when we had nothing to eat.我们没有东西吃的日子已经过去了。.单句语法填空1I made an apology to him for stepping on his foot.2At the feast there was an abundance of food and drink. Its obvious that people l

37、ive in abundance (abundant)3Since he has just had a major operation, he knows that a trip to Tibet this summer is out of the question.4Every time he had a chance, he would talk about the great difficulty he had settling (settle) in the new country.5On the highest plateau in the world lies (lie) the

38、Potala Palace, one of the famous ancient Chinese buildings.6He sits at his desk working, day in and day out.补全句子1The river is_abundant_in all kinds of fish. 这条河盛产各种鱼类。2He is_without/beyond/out_of_question the brightest student in the school.毫无疑问，他是学校里最聪明的学生。3I havent yet settled_in_my_new_school. 我还

39、未在我的新学校安顿下来。4On the top of the mountain lies_a_big_lake. 在这座山的山顶有一个大湖。5We should apologize_to all of you for the late departure of this flight.We should make_an_apology_to all of you for the late departure of this flight. 我们应该因航班的延误向你们所有人道歉。一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高本课语言点针对练习.单词拼写1They hired a maid (佣人) through

40、 an agency (代理机构). 2The railway is parallel (平行的) with the highway.3There is an abundance (丰富) of wildlife in the jungle. 4It is said that the government (政府) here will take some measures to improve peoples living conditions.5After a days walk, they reached their destination (目的地) finally.6Its just

41、a routine (例行的) medical examination, nothing to get worried about.单句改错1. Im sorry for my rude behavior, I owe you apology.apology前加an2He cant seem to settle up a steady job because he often moves to new places.upin3My experience in selling is parallel yours.parallel后加to4The abundantly natural resour

42、ces and stable policy provide the country with the advantages of developing its businesses.abundantlyabundant5The country finally gained independence after being govern by the British for so many erngoverned.选词填空be parallel to， gain ones independence， out of the question， a variety of， day

43、in and day out， settle in1His country had fought hard for many years, and finally gained_its_independence.2In this area, the road is_parallel_to the railway but beyond the hill there is a cross.3The boss is mean, so it is out_of_the_question for him to get a pay rise. 4.The naughty boy always has a_

44、variety_of reasons to explain why he is always late for class.5The old man repeated the same words day_in_and_day_out;_obviously, he was mad.6Even though he has accepted his new job for one month, he still seems not to settle_in it.本单元语言点温故练习.句型转换(用非限制性定语从句连接句子)1Mrs. White has two daughters. They bo

45、th married rich men.Mrs. White has two daughters, who both married rich men.2He visited the Great Wall again. He went there two years ago.He visited the Great Wall again, where he went two years ago.3He failed in the examination. It made him a bit discouraged.He failed in the examination, which made

46、 him a bit discouraged.4He must be from Africa. It can be seen from his skin.He must be from Africa, which/as can be seen from his skin.5He has organized a team of workers. All of them are hardworking.He has organized a team of workers, all_of_whom are hardworking.6He is a man of great experience. M

47、uch can be learned from him.He is a man of great experience, from_whom much can be learned.7They have many books. Many of them are on chemistry.They have many books, many_of_which are on chemistry.8Lets think of a situation. In this situation this sentence can be used.Lets think of a situation, in_w

48、hich_situation this sentence can be used.9The boy studies very hard. His father is an engineer.The boy, whose_father is an engineer, studies very hard.10The engineer is about 50 years old. My father works with him.The engineer, with_whom my father works, is about 50 years old.补全句子1If you want to hav

49、e a journal in space, you should_adjust_to weightlessness first. 如果你想去太空旅行，首先应该适应失重。2Although he is outgoing, he is still not sure whether he will_fit_in_with his new colleagues. 尽管他性格开朗，但是他仍然对是否能和新同事相处融洽没有把握。3After months of hard work, they almost couldnt_keep_it_up. 数月的艰苦工作之后，他们几乎不能坚持下去了。4They are

50、 making_preparations_for the coming examination. 他们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。5To_live_in_comfort when he is old, he is trying hard to earn more money now. 为了晚年生活舒适，现在他正在努力地挣更多的钱。6Since she left university, she has_been_occupied_with endless work.大学毕业以来，她一直忙于无休止的工作。7As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_your plan is very go

51、od.就我个人而言，你的计划很好。8We will treat you to a dinner to_acknowledge_your_timely_help.为了感谢你及时的帮助，我们请你吃饭。9Since he had to drive, he substituted_water_for_wine to wish his friends wedding. 因为他要开车，他以水代酒来祝福朋友的婚礼。10He recommended his_friend_to_visit Peru to experience the jungle and its diverse wildlife.他建议他的朋

52、友去秘鲁旅游以体验丛林和种类繁多的野生生物。二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.阅读理解A “talk show” is a show organized mainly around talk. Television talk shows have been around since the dawn of radio. Thus, the start of talk shows golden age can be considered as 1948, even though television wasnt common in American homes until the 1950s. F

53、rom 1949 to 1973, nearly half of all daytime programming was talk.Why are there so many talk shows? A talk show can cost less than $100,000 per episode (一集) to produce whereas many of todays TV series cost more than $1 million an episode. Thus, if successful, it can produce handsome profits. Still,

54、it takes a lot of work. Since 1948, hundreds of talk shows have come and gone, with only a few having true staying power.There are several types of talk shows, but while the styles might vary, the format (形式) is limited.What were most used to is the informal guesthost format, in which shows hosts we

55、lcome famous people or other talkworthy persons for an informal discussion.The second most common format is the public issues show, in which hosts interview people in the news or experts in a given field. Shows that follow this format include both morning news programs and “issue” talk shows.The Museum of Broadcast Communications Bernard M. Timberg notes two governing principles of all successful talk shows：The host is everything: The host has a high degree of control