夫妻关系与婚姻治疗.ppt

1、Therapies for psychological disorders,Contents,humanistic hju:mnistik 人本主义的，人道主义的 bewilderingbiwildri 令人迷惑的，令人产生混乱的 retreat ritri:t 撤退，后退，逃避 client-centered therapy 以人为中心疗法 self-actualize ktulaiz 自我实现 Incongruence inkruns 不一致；不协调 gestalt t:lt therapy 格式塔疗法 existentialist ezistenlist approaches 存在主义疗

2、法,authentic :entik 真正的；真实的；可信的 group therapies 团体疗法 couples counseling 夫妻咨询 family therapy 家庭疗法 support groups 支持小组 restateri:steit 重申；复述,Humanistic therapies,Core concept:a whole person in the continual process of changing and of becoming. origin :freedom to choose&resonsibility Hitory :existential

3、ist apporches Majorbranches : Client-centered therapy& Gestalt therapy,Client-centered therapy,Representative Men: Carl Rogers Assumption All people share the basic tendency to self-actualizeto relaize their potential Task Help remove barriers that limit the expression of this natural positive tende

4、ncy,Strategy positive relationship Recognize,accept and clarify a clients feeling supportive&restate Sincerity &Trustworthiness Unconditional positive regard Nondirective &unconditionalacceptance Experience the clients feelings,Gestalt therapy,Representative Men: Fritz Pritz& Laura Ponsner Perls Ass

5、umption Figures&backgroud Task express pent-up feelings recognize unfinished business from past conflicts,Key terms Gestalt Field theory Process of forming figures Self-regulation of the organism Right here&Right now unfinished business contact energy,Strages Empty-chair Making the rounds Reversal t

6、echnique Rehearsal exercise Exaggeration exercise Staying with the feeling Gestalt approach to dream Work,Group therapies,1. Family therapy,2. Marital therapy,3. Support groups,Family therapy,Definition: a branch of psychotherapy that works with families and couples in intimate relationships to nurt

7、ure change and deve- lopment. Focus family relationships Psychological spaces Interpersonal dynamics,开往春天的地铁,我们相识在一个有着灿烂阳光的午后，弥漫着芬芳的夏日香气，一如我们的欢快幸福,记得当时恋情浓，你爱谈天我爱笑，即使偶尔分开，也会诉说对彼此无尽的思念,今天，我要嫁给你，因为有你，我成为了最美的新娘,婚后的我们，一如既往的幸福着，在咖啡中品味生活的芬芳,那时的我们，彼此就是对方的全部,突然有一天，什么都变了，我们不再那么无话不谈，甚至睡觉的时候也会习惯性的背对背,我们开始变得无法相处

8、，终于,哭过、闹过之后，却依旧如此，也许，我们不适合吧？可是我还爱他/她，我该怎么办？,没那么糟糕，婚姻疗法为您带来曙光， 让我们爱情的地铁继续前进， 原来最适合我的人还是你,婚姻疗法,Marital therapy,Definition: Marital therapy is a treatment designed to help improve a marriage by increasing communication and understanding between married partners. Target :help married couples through any

9、 situation that comes up in a marriage. Infidelity, boredom, lack of desire, abuse, or problems with children couples in crisis & happy couples,Marital therapy,Basic Principles Active principles Balance principle Neutral principle Adjustment principle Not arranged principle,Method Review the facts G

10、eneral method Mutual relations Psychological analysis Behavior therapy,Support groups,Traumas,Physical& mental disorders,Addictive behavior,Life transition,AA-alcoholics anonymous,Basic categories,Less expensive,Small help more,Social support,power,advantages,Group therapies,The power of the group s

11、etting,Less threatening situation Use group processes to influence individual Observe&practice personal skills An anlogue of the primary family group Dipel pluralistic ignorance,Biomedical therapies,Psycho- surgery,ECT,Drug therapy,psychosurgerypsaikus:dri精神外科学（外科手术） lithiumliim salts 锂盐 antianxiety

12、ntizaiti drugs 抗焦虑药物 GABAb -氨基丁酸 prefrontanl lobotomylubtmi 额叶切断术 antipsychoticntisaiktikdrugs 抗精神病药物 clozapine kluzipain氯氮平 electroconvulsiveilektruknvlsiv therapy 电刺激（点痉挛）疗法,tardivet:div dyskinesiadiskaini:zi 迟发性运动障碍 psychopharmacologypsaikuf:mkldi 心理药理学 antidepressantntidipresnt drugs 抗抑郁药物 proza

13、cpruzk 百忧解 meta-analysismetnlisis 元分析 barbiturateb:bitjurt 巴比妥酸盐,placeboplsi:bu therapy 安慰剂疗法 reuptakeri:pteik 再摄取；再吸收 valiumveilim 安定 MAOmau inhibitorsinhibit单胺氧化酶抑制剂 spontaneous-remission effect 心理障碍自动消除效应 paradigmprdim 范式；范例 teriary teriri 第三的,Psychosurgery,Psychosurgery is the general term for s

14、urgical procedures performed on brain tissue to alleviate psychological disorders Corpus callosumepilepsy Amygdalotomymediate limbic system Prefrontal lobotomy,Egas Moniz,schizophrenia、compulsive、anxiety-ridden,ECT,ECT(electroconvulsive therapy)is the use of electric shock applied to treat psychiatr

15、ic disor-ders such as schizophrenia,mania , and,most often,depression.,Procdure: barbituate and muscle relaxant weak electric current in temples convulsion,Advantages: works quickly(three or four days) Disadvantages: lack of how it works side effects temporary disorientation&memory deficits,Unilater

16、al ECT rTMS ：Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(ECT alternative to ),Drug therapy,Begin in 1953 Psychopharmacology The branch of psychology that investigates the effects of drugs on behavior Profound effects Three main categories,GAD,Treatment evaluation,Evaluating therapeutic effectivenes

17、s Hans Eysencks furor Control groups Placebo therapy meta-analysis (treats the experiments like paticipants),Now How it works Whether any one treatment is most effective for any paticular problem and for certain types of patients,Prevention strategies,Primary prevention prevent a condition before it

18、 begins Secondary prevention limit the duration and severity of a disorder when it has begun Tertiary prevention limit the long-term impact of a psychological disorder by seeking to prevent a relapse,Preventing a problem is the best solution,Paradigm shifts,Suppliment prevention shift medical model public health model Focusing on situations and ecolgies Looking for precipitating factors,Humanistic therapies,Repres-entative,Target& relations,strategy,Repres-entative,Target& relations,strategy,client-centered therapy,gestalt therapy,Definit