建筑及结构常用词汇表

1、精品 料推荐ARCHITECTURAL & STRUCTURAL EVERYDAY VOCABULARY SCHEDULE 建筑及结构常用词汇表中国天辰化学工程公司1精品 料推荐TABLE OF CONTENTS目录1. ARCHITECTURE建筑专业a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据b. DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段c. CLIMATE CONDITION气象条件d. GENERAL ROOM NAME常用房间名称e. ROOFING & CEILING屋面及天棚f. WALL(CLADDING)墙体 (外墙板 )g. FLOOR & TRENCH 地面及地沟h. DOORS

2、、 GLASS、WINDOWS &IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件I. STAIRCASE 、LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES建筑材料词汇及短语【 Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦】【 Lime, Sand and Stone灰、砂和石】【 Cement, Mortar and Concrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【 Facing And Plastering Materials饰面及粉刷材料】【 Asphalt (Bitumen) and As

3、bestos沥青和石棉】【 Timber 木材】【 Metallic Materials 金属材料】【 Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属】【 Anti-Corrosion Materials防腐蚀材料】【 Building Hardware 建筑五金】【 Paint 油漆】k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语【 Discipline 专业】【 Conventional Terms一般通用名词】【 Architectural Physics 建筑物理】【 Name Of Professional role职务名称】【 Drafting 制图】2. S

4、TRUCTURE 结构专业a. LOAD 荷载b. GROUND BASE AND FOUNDATION 地基及基础c. REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE STRUCTURE 钢筋混凝土结构d. STEEL STRUCTURE 钢结构2精品 料推荐e. DESIGN FOR ANTISEISMIC抗震设计f. GENERAL WORDS FOR DESIGN设计常用词汇g. GENERAL WORDS FOR CONSTRUCTION 施工常用词汇1. ARCHITECTURE建筑专业a.DESIGN BASIS设计依据方案 scheme, draft草图 sketch会谈纪要 s

5、ummary of discussion 谈判 negotiation可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary designc. CLIMATE CONDITION日照 sunshine风玫瑰 wind rose主导风向 prevailing wind direction 最大 (平均 )风速maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载 wind load最大 (平均 )降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall 雷击及闪电 thunder and lightning 飓风 hurricane台风 typhoon旋风 cyclon

6、e降雨强度 rainfall intensity年降雨量annual rainfall湿球温度wet bulb temperature计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书design order标准规范 standards and codes条件图 information drawing设计基础资料 basic data for design 工艺流程图 process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological data 原始资料 original data设计进度schedule of designb. STAGE OF DESIGN设计

7、阶段基础设计basic design详细设计detail design询价图 enquiry drawing施工图working drawing,construction drawing竣工图 as built drawing气象条件干球温度dry bulb temperature冰冻期 frost period冰冻线 frost line 冰冻区 frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature采暖地区region with heating provision不采暖地区region without heating provision绝对大气压ab

8、solute atmospheric pressure 相对湿度 relative humidityd. GENERAL ROOM NAME常用房间名称办公室 office工作间 workshop服务用房service room电气开关室switchroom换班室 shift room走廊 corridor休息室 rest room (break room)档案室 archive起居室 living room电梯机房lift motor room浴室 bathroom车库 garage淋浴间 shower清洁间 cleaning room更衣室 locker room会议室 (正式 ) con

9、ference room厕所 lavatory会议室 meeting room门厅 lobby衣柜间 ward robe诊室 clinic暖风间 H.V.A.C room3精品 料推荐饭店 restaurant餐厅 canteen, dining room厨房 kitchen入口 entrance接待处 reception area会计室 accountant room秘书室 secretary room电气室 electrical room控制室 control room工长室 foreman office开关柜室switch gear前室 antecabinet (Ante.)生产区 pr

10、oduction area马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utility room化验室 laboratory room经理室 manager room披 屋 (阁楼 ) penthouse警卫室 guard housee. ROOFING AND CEILING屋面及天棚女儿墙 parapet雨蓬 canopy屋脊 roof ridge坡度 slope坡跨比 pitch分水线 water-shed二毡三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic 附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt檐口 eave挑檐 overhanging eave檐沟 eav

11、e gutter平屋面 flat roof坡屋面 pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积catchment area泛水 flashing内排水 interior drainage外排水 exterior drainage滴水 drip屋面排水roof drainage找平层 leveling course卷材屋面built-up roofing天棚 ceiling檩条 purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling board防水层 water-proof course检查孔 inspection ho

12、le人孔 manhole吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling 檐板 (窗帘盒 ) cornicef. WALL (CLADDING)砖墙 brick wall砌块墙 block wall清水砖墙 brick wall without plastering 抹灰墙 rendered wall石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board 空心砖墙 hollow brick wall 承重墙 bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙 longitudinal wall横墙 transverse wall外墙 exter

13、nal (exterior) wall内墙 internal (interior) wall填充墙 filler wall防火墙 fire wall窗间墙 wall between window空心墙 cavity wall压顶 copingg. FLOOR AND TRENCH墙体 (外墙板 )圈梁 gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断glazed wall防潮层 damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板 sunshade阳台 balcony伸缩缝 expansion joint沉降缝 settlement joint抗震缝 seismic joint复合夹心板sand

14、wich board压型单板 corrugated single steel plate 外墙板 cladding panel 复合板 composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿 bracket砖烟囱 brick chimney勒脚 (基座 ) plinth地面及地沟4精品 料推荐地坪 grade地面和楼面ground and floor素土夯实rammed earth炉渣夯实tamped cinder填土 filled earth回填土夯实tamped backfill垫层 bedding course, blinding面层 covering,

15、finish结合层 bonding (binding) course 找平层 leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course 混凝土地面 concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor 水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring马赛克地面mosaic flooring瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring预制水磨 石地面 precast terrazzo flooring 硬木花地面 har

16、d-wood parquet flooring 搁栅 joist硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面 tongued and grooved flooring 防酸地面 acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo 地面做 2坡 floor with 2% slope 集水沟 gully集水口 gulley排水沟 drainage trench沟盖板 trench cover活动盖板

17、removable cover plate集水坑 sump pit孔翻边 hole up stand电缆沟 cable trenchh. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)木 (钢 )门 wooden (steel) door 镶板门 panelled door夹板门 plywood door铝合金门aluminum alloy door卷帘门 roller shutter door弹簧门 swing door推拉门 sliding door平开门 side-hung door折叠门 folding door旋转门 revolving doo

18、r玻璃门 glazed door密闭门 air-Tight door保温门 thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door 防火门 fire door( 大门上的 )小门 wicket门框 door frame门扇 door leaf门洞 door opening结构开洞structural opening单扇门 single door双扇门 double door疏散门 emergency door纱门 screen door门槛 door sill门过梁 door lintel上冒头 top rail门、玻璃、窗及五

19、金件下冒头 bottom rail门边木 stile门樘侧料side jumb槽口 notch木窗 wooden window钢窗 steel window铝合金窗aluminum alloy window百叶窗 (通风为主 )sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind)塑钢窗 plastic steel window空腹钢窗hollow steel window固定窗 fixed window平开窗 side-hung window推拉窗 sliding window气窗 transom上悬窗 top-hung window中悬窗 center-pivo

20、ted window下悬窗 hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗 skylight老虎窗 dormer window密封双层玻璃 sealed double glazing 钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇 casement sash窗台 window sill窗台板 window board精品 料推荐窗中梃 mullion窗横木 mutin窗边木 stile压缝条 cover mould窗帘盒 curtain box合页 (铰链 ) hinge (butts)

21、转轴 pivot长脚铰链parliament hinge闭门器 door closer地弹簧 floor closer插销 bolt门锁 door lock拉手 pull链条 chain门钩 door hanger碰球 ball latch窗钩 window catch暗插销 insert bolt电动开关器electric opener平板玻璃plate glass夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃 (磨砂玻璃 )ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass石英玻璃quartz glass吸热玻璃heat

22、absorbing glass磨光玻璃polished glass着色玻璃pigmented glass玻璃瓦 glass tile玻璃砖 glass block有机玻璃organic glassI. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR)楼梯 stair楼梯间 staircase疏散梯 emergency stair旋转梯 spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯 crane ladder直爬梯 vertical ladder踏步 step扇形踏步winder (wheel step)踏步板 tread档步板 riser踏步宽度tre

23、ad width防滑条 non-slip insert (strips)栏杆 railing (balustrade)平台栏杆platform railing吊装孔栏杆 railing around mounting hole 扶手 handrail楼梯、休息平台及电梯梯段高度height of flight防护梯笼protecting cage (safety cage)平台 landing (platform)操作平台operating platform装卸平台platform for loading & unloading 楼梯平台 stair landing客梯 passenger l

24、ift货梯 goods lift客 /货两用梯 goods/passenger lift液压电梯hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observation elevator电梯机房lift mortar room电梯坑 lift pit电梯井道lift shaftj. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS? Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦AND PHRASES建筑材料词汇及短语红砖 red brick马赛克 mosaic粘土砖 clay brick陶粒混凝土 ceramsite concrete瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic ti

25、le)琉璃瓦 glazed tile防火砖 fire brick脊瓦 ridge tile空心砖 hollow brick石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle)面砖 facing brick波形石棉水泥瓦地板砖 flooring tilecorrugated asbestos cement sheet缸砖 clinkery brick? Lime, Sand and Stone灰、砂和石石膏 gypsum大理石 marble6精品 料推荐汉白玉 white marble水磨石 terrazzo花岗岩 granite卵石 cobble碎石 crushed stone砾石 grav

26、el毛石 rubble粗砂 course sand蛭石 vermiculite中砂 medium sand珍珠岩 pearlite细砂 fine sand?Cement, Mortar and Concrete波特兰水泥 (普通硅酸盐水泥)Portland cement硅酸盐水泥silicate cement火山灰水泥pozzolana cement白水泥 white cement水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆 )cement-lime mortar保温砂浆thermal mortar防水砂浆water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆a

27、cid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar水泥、砂浆和混凝土沥青砂浆bituminous mortar纸筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar 麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar 灰缝 mortar joint素混凝土plain concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete轻质混凝土lightweight concrete细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土foamed concrete炉渣混凝土cinder

28、 concrete?Facing And Plastering Materials水刷石 granitic plaster斩假石 artificial stone刷浆 lime wash可赛银 casein大白浆 white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base饰面及粉刷材料喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned 板条抹灰 lath and plaster? Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos沥青和石棉沥青卷材 asphalt f

29、elt沥青玛啼脂 asphaltic mastic沥青填料 asphalt filler沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum沥青胶泥 asphalt grout石棉板 asbestos sheet冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer石棉纤维 asbestos fiber? Timber 木材裂缝 crack白松 white pine透裂 split落叶松 deciduous pine环裂 shake云杉 spruce干缩 shrinkage柏木 cypress翘曲 warping白杨 white poplar原木 log桦木 birch圆木 round timber冷

30、杉 fir方木 square timber栎木 oak板材 plank榴木 willow木条 batten榆木 elm板条 lath杉木 cedar木板 board柚木 teak红松 red pine樟木 camphor wood7精品 料推荐防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber 胶合板 plywood三 (五 )合板 3(5)-plywood企口板 tongued and grooved board 层夹板 laminated plank胶合层夹木材 glue-laminated lumber 黑色金属 ferrous metal圆钢 steelbBar方钢

31、square steel扁钢 steel atrap型钢 steel section (shape)槽钢 channel角钢 angle steel等边角钢equal-leg angle不等边角钢unequal-leg angle工字钢 I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wide flange I-beam丁 ( 之 )字钢 T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape 热轧 hot-rolled冷轧 cold-rolled冷拉 cold-drawn冷压 cold-pressed合金钢 alloy steel钛合金 titanium all

32、oy不锈钢 stainless steel竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar纤维板 fiber-board竹子 bamboo? Metallic Materials 金属材料变形钢筋deformed bar光圆钢筋plain round bar钢板 steel plate薄钢板 thin steel plate低碳钢 low carbon steel冷弯 cold bending钢管 steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管seamless steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe黑铁管 iron pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe

33、铸铁 cast iron生铁 pig iron熟铁 wrought iron镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire钢丝网 steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded metal锰钢 managanese steel高强度合金钢high strength alloy steel?Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金 gold白金 platinum铜 copper 黄铜 brass青铜 bronze?Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylen

34、e 尼龙 nylon聚氯乙烯PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin乙烯基酯vinyl ester橡胶内衬rubber lining氯丁橡胶neoprene银 silver铝 aluminum铅 lead沥青漆 bitumen paint环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer防锈漆 anti-rust paint耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint耐碱漆 alkali-resistant paint水玻璃 sodium sil

35、icate树脂砂浆resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂epoxy resin?Building Hardware 建筑五金钉子 nails螺纹屋面钉 spiral-threaded roofing nail8精品 料推荐环纹石膏板钉高强螺栓 high strength boltannular-ring gypsum board nail预埋螺栓 insert bolt螺丝 screws胀锚螺栓 cinch bolt平头螺丝 flat-head screw垫片 washer螺栓 bolt普通螺栓 commercial bolt?Paint 油漆底漆 primer防锈底漆rust-inh

36、ibitive primer防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint调和漆 mixed paint无光漆 flat paint透明漆 varnish银粉漆 aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint干性油 drying oil稀释剂 thinner焦油 tar沥青漆 asphalt paint桐油 tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹 red lead铅油 lead oil腻子 puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语建筑 architecture土木 civil给排水 water supply and dra

37、inage 总图 plot plan采暖通风 H.V.A.C (heating 、 ventilation and air conditioning)电力供应 electric power supply 电气照明 electric lighting?Conventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architectural style民用建筑civil architecture城市建筑urban architecture农村建筑rural architecture农业建筑farm building工业建筑industrial building重工业

38、的heavy industrial轻工业的light industrial古代建筑ancient architecture现代建筑modern architecture标准化建筑 standardized buildings 附属建筑 auxiliary buildings 城市规划 city planning厂区内 within site厂区外 offsite封闭式 closed type开敞式 open type半开敞式semi-open type模数制 modular system?Architectural Physics 建筑物理? Discipline 专业电讯 telecommu

39、nication仪表 instrument热力供应heat power supply动力 mechanical power工艺 process technology管道 piping单位造价unit cost概算 preliminary estimate承包商 constructor, contractor现场 site扩建 extension改建 reconstruction防火 fire-prevention防震 aseismatic, quake-proof防腐 anti-corrosion防潮 dump-proof防水 water-proof防尘 dust-proof防锈 rust-p

40、roof车流量 traffic volume货流量 freight traffic volume人流量 pedestrian volume透视图 perspective drawing建筑模型building model9精品 料推荐照明 illumination对流 convection照度 degree of illumination传导 conduction亮度 brightness遮阳 sun-shade日照 sunshine保温 thermal insulation天然采光natural lighting恒温 constant temperature光强 light intensit

41、y恒湿 constant humidity侧光 side light噪音 noise顶光 top light隔音 sound-proof眩光 glaze吸音 sound absorption方位角 azimuth露点 dew point辐射 radiation隔汽 vapor-proof? Name Of Professional role职务名称项目经理 project manager (PM)机械工程师 mechanical engineer设计经理 design manager计划工程师 planning engineer首席建筑师 principal architect助理工程师 as

42、sistant engineer总工程师 chief engineer实习生 probationer土木工程师 civil engineer专家 specialist, expert工艺工程师 process engineer制图员 draftsman电气工程师 electrical engineer技术员 technician?Drafting 制图总说明 general specification工程说明project specification采用标准规范目录 list of standards and specification adopted图纸目录list of drawings平

43、面图 plan局部放大图 detail with enlarged scale 平面示意图 schematic plan of. 平剖面图 sectional plan of.留孔平面图 plan of provision of holes 剖面 section纵剖面 longitudinal section横剖面 cross (transverse) section 立面 elevation正立面 front elevation透视图 perspective drawing侧立面 side elevation背立面 back elevation详图 detail drawings典型节点ty

44、pical detail节点号 detail No.首页 front page图纸目录及说明list of contents and description 图例 legend示意图 diagram草图 sketch荷载简图load diagram流程示意图flow diagram标准图 standard drawing布置图layout of .地形图 topographical map土方工程图earth-work drawing展开图 developed drawing模板图 formwork drawing配筋 arrangement of reinforcement 表格 table

45、s工程进度表working schedule技术经济指标technical and economical index 建、构筑物一览表list of buildings and structures 编号 coding序列号 serial No.行和栏 rows and columns备注 remarks等级 grade直线 straight Line曲线 curves曲折线 zigzag line虚线 dotted line实线 solid line影线 hatching line点划线 dot and dash line轴线 axis等高线 contour Line中心线 center Line双曲线 hyperbola精品 料推荐抛物线 parabola展开尺寸 developed dimension切线 tangent Line内径 inside diameter尺寸线 dimension Line外径 outside diameter园形 round净重 net weight环形 annular毛重 gross weight方形 square数量 quantity矩形 rectangle百分比 percentage平行四边形 parallelogram净空 clearance三角形 triangle净高 headroom五角形