2014届情景交际专题.ppt.ppt

1、2014届高考英语二轮复习 情景交际专项,目录,专题导读 体会 考点梳理 精讲 要点知识 点拨 误区警示 透析, 专题导读,情景交际类题目在语法填空中所占的比例很大，情景交际主要从以下三个角度命题： (1) 特定语境中的问与答； (2)中、英语言习惯差异和文化背景差异；(3)语言知识寓于交际语境中。在具体的解题中要注意“四忌”：,专题 专题导读,一忌上词下用。上词下用指的是答句部分沿用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，按表层意思似乎合情合理，但往往为错误的“虚像”，需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。典型的例子如用“I dont”应答“Dont forget to come to my birthda

2、y party tomorrow”，用“Dont be sorry”回答“Im sorry I broke your mirror”，以及用“No thanks”回答“Thank you so much for your help.”避免“上词下用”的误区，一是确认题目涉及的交际功能项目； 二是确认句子上下文语境； 三是确认正确的话语方式。,Test 1:,-Would you mind my coming and having a look at your new garden？My little sons curious about roses you grow。 -_。Youre wel

3、come。 A. Yes, I do B. Never mind C. Yes, please D. Not at all,()9. 2010辽宁 Ill do the washingup. Jack, would you please do the floors? _. AYes, please BNo, I dont CYes, sure DNo, not at all,专题 十四 专题导读,二忌中文思维。与上词下用比较，这一误区更具迷惑力，因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考虑，都非常符合中国学生的习惯。显然，掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处，对于准确解题至关重要。学生解题失误

4、之一是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语，去选答案，这属于语言知识的“负迁移”。,1.(2010高考英语天津卷,2)Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me? Sure. _ ? A. What help B. What is this C. What is it D. What do you want 2.-How do you find your visit to the museum, Jone? A. By taking No.3 bus B. Oh, wonderful indeed C. I went there alone D.A classmat

5、e of mine showed me the way,专题导读,三忌直接回绝。这主要是指在对方要求得到帮助，提出请求或邀请时，回答过于直接，不够委婉，尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的，但不符合英语国家的交际习惯。“请求”方面的问话有May I？/Can I？/I wonder if I could/Do you mind if I？等；“邀请”方面 的问话有Will you？/Would you like to？/Id like to invite you to等。在作否定回答时，为了表示礼貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉词，如but，Im afraid, Im sorry, thanks, plea

6、se, had better等。,()1. 2010全国 Is it all right if I keep this photo? ANo, you dont BNo, it shouldnt CIm afraid not. DDont keep it.,()2. 2010全国 Can I help you? Are you looking for anything in particular today? _. Were just looking. AYes, please BNo, thank you CYes, you can DNo, you neednt,专题导读,四忌答非所问。应

7、该说答非所问的错误比较容易察觉，如果问话与答话的内容风马牛不相及的话，学生可以迅速排除。但有时双方会话内容有所关联，但仔细推敲发现其实答语并不切题。最典型的例子是With pleasure和Its a pleasure。,典型题例,1. Could you be so kind as to close the window? -_. A. With pleasure B. Go ahead C. Yes, please D. Thats Ok. 2.Its very kind of you to have carried the luggage for me. -_ A. Id love to

8、 B. My duty C. My pleasure D. All right,考点梳理 精讲,【考点诠释】 在高考英语试题中，交际用语的考查点相对集中。主要考查社会交往中的一些日常交际用语。考查的方式以应答为主，提问为辅；以跨文化交际中差异明显的交际项目为重点考查对象。,考点1 习惯应答类 许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语；感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。对于这类题目，我们要遵循他们的习惯进行回答。如： 1常用于感谢的应答用语有：You are welcome/Dont mention it/It i

9、s my pleasure(My pleasure)/Not at a11/Thats all right/Im glad(happy)that/Im glad you like(enjoy)it 2常用于道歉的应答用语有：Never mind/It doesnt matter/Not at a11/Thats all right/ok/That is nothingForget it 3常见的祝愿和祝贺用语有：Good luck!/Best wishes to you/Have a nice time/Wish you a pleasant journey/Congratulations!/

10、Merry Christmas!/Happy birthday to you而应答用语有：Thank you/The same to you/You too,4接受请求和邀请的应答用语有：With pleasure/Id be happy (glad)to/ No problem/Good idea/Sounds good/Why not?/ By all means!拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有：Sorry，but/Id rather you/Thank you，but/No way!/Forget it。 5其他场景习惯应答用语考生也应注意。问候的应答用语 有：How do you do/F

11、ine，thank you介绍的应答用语有：Very glad(pleased)to see you接电话的习惯用语有：This is Li Ming speaking道别的习惯用语有：Bye/So long/See you later服务人员的应答用语有：Yes，Sir/Yes，Madame/Take your time,考点2 破交际定势类 汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处，但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。我们要力求用英语思维，避免母语交际定势的干扰，要根据英语的文化交际习惯来应答。如：当中国人听到对方夸奖或赞美自己时，习惯上要说些表示谦虚的话；而英美人则不同，他们总

12、是先接受夸奖，再表达谢意。 一Youve given us a wonderful Chinese dinner，MrsWang王太太，您给我们提供了一顿极好的中式晚餐。 Im glad you enjoyed it我很高兴你们喜欢。,典例：Thank you very much for the gifts you sent me. _. A. No thanks B. Im glad you like it C. Please dont say so D. No, its not so good,考点3 语言结构类 这类题要求考生根据对话情景和所掌握的正确语言结构来做出选择。以习惯用法和变异

13、句(如省略句)居多。如当说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时，可以说：Yes，I think(suppose，believe)SO/Yes，Imafraid SO对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度，则说：No，I dont think(suppose) so/No，I dont believe so/No，I believe(suppose)not/No，I hope not/No，I am afraid not“Do you mind?”常用于表示请求对方允许。如果同意，则用“No，go ahead/No，of course not/No，not at a11”等来回答；如果不同意，可用“

14、Im sorry I do”来回答。,考点4 情景用语类 根据不同的交际情景，说话者会采用不同的交际用语来表达自己的态度和情感。如表示不肯定或没把握，人们会说：I am afraid that/It depends表示不耐烦和催促的用语有： Well，well/Come on/Hurry up!表示惊奇和有把握的用语有：No wonder/No doubt如： E.g.一What do you want to do next?We have half an hour until the basketball game接下来你准备做什么?在篮球赛之前我们还有半小时。 一Its up to you

15、Whatever you want to do is fine with me这取决于你。你想做什么我都同意。,要点知识 点拨,一、“没关系；不要紧；没问题；别提了”类, Never mind意为“没关系；不要紧；不用费事”，常用于以下几种场合： 1）当别人向你致歉时； 2）请对方放心或安慰对方时 注意：由于受字面意思的影响，很多学生把Never mind用于对DoWould you mind的否定回答。 对DoWould you mind表示“不介意”时常用No, not at all；of course not；certainly not；No, please；No，go ahead等；表

16、示“介意”的回答为You had better not；Youd rather not；Im afraidnot；Im sorry，but等。,Forget it 意为“没关系；不要紧；别提了”，通常用于以下场合： 1）当别人向你致歉时或认为某事不重要时 2）不同意对方要求，“休想，不可能” 3）住嘴 4）， 别提了（不想重复所说过的话） No problem意为“没问题；成”。通常用于对别人的请求表示同意。类似的表达还有：All right；OK。 It doesnt matter相当于No matter，意为“没关系；不要紧”，通常用于对别人道歉的答语。,高考链接：,1. -I dont

17、have any change with me。Will you pay the fare for me？-_。 A. Thats fine B. Nothing serious C. Never mind D. No problem 2.-Im terrible sorry。I broke your glass. -_ AThats right BBad luck CSorry DYou can forget it 3.-Im sorry I broke your mirror。 -Oh, really ？_。 AIts OK with me BIt doesnt matter CDont

18、be sorry DI dont care,二、pleasure类,Its a pleasure to do 意为“很高兴做”，相当于PleasedNiceGlad to do。 Its a pleasure=A pleasure=My pleasure，意为“不用谢；没关系；这是我乐意做的”，通常是对thank you 的回答。 With pleasure=YesCertainly，意为“当然可以；愿意效劳”。类似的答语还有：All right；OK；No problem；Id like to等，主要用于对别人的请求表示乐意去做的场合。,高考链接：,1-Could you do me a f

19、avor and take these books to my office？ -Yes，_ A for pleasure BI could Cmy pleasure Dwith pleasure 2-Its been a wonderful evening。Thank you very much。 -_！ AMy pleasure BIm glad to hear that CNo, thanks DIts OK。,三、all right 类,Thats all right意为“不用谢；没关系”，主要用于对感谢或歉意的礼貌回答。 That right意为“对了；正确”，表示对对方的意见、看法

20、或行为肯定的答复。相反说法为Thats wrong。 All right=OK，意为“行；可以”，通常用于对对方的建议或请求表示同意。 4. sb.sth. be all rightOK表示“身体好；一切正常” 5.感谢的礼貌回答有Thats all right；Thats OK；Not at all；Youre welcome；Dont mention it；It is a pleasureA pleasureMy pleasure；Im glad you enjoy等； 6. 对歉意的礼貌回答有：Thats all right；It doesnt matter；Never mind；For

21、get it ；ThatsIts nothing等。,高考链接,-James，Im sorry I used your computer when you were away this morning。 -_。 AThats all right BIts a pleasure CYou are welcome DDont mention it,四、“祝愿；祝贺”类,当听到令人高兴的事时，通常用Im glad to hear that来应答；否则用Im sorry to hear that来应答。 当对方向你表示祝愿时，常用The same to you 或You，too来回答。但对Happy

22、birthday to you的回答常用Thank you。 当对方在某项活动，如考试、比赛时，向对方表示祝福用Good luck。 当对方在某方面取得成就或成功时，常用Congratulations 来表示。,高考链接：, Tom：Mike，our team will play against the Rocket this weekend。Im sure we will win 。 Mike：_。 ACongratulations BCheers CBest wishes DGood luck -I had a really good weekend at my uncles。 -_。 A

23、Oh，thats very mice of you BCongratulation B Its a pleasure DOh，Im glad to hear that -Have a nice weekend！ -_。 AThe same to you BYou do too CYou have it too DThe same as you -I came out first in the English Listening and Speaking Competition -_。 ACongratulations BGood luck CGood for you DIm glad to,五

24、、Go ahead，Help yourself，Herebe类,Go ahead表示鼓励对方做某事，意为“请吧；请说吧；请开始吧；请尽管用”。注意：在回答May I use或I wonder if I can use时，如借用的东西可以拿走，就用Here you are，反之用Go ahead。 Help yourself可表示“请随便吃、喝”外，还可表示“请自己动手做或拿”。 3.Here it is表示“给你；在这儿”特指提到的单数名词。 Here they are表示“给你；在这儿；他们来了”特指上 文提到的是复数名词。 Here you are表示“给你；在这儿；你们来到了”，特指上文

25、提到的是单数或复数名词，也可以指另外提供的事物。 Here we are表示“这儿有我们所需要的；我们到了”。,高考链接：,-Could I ask you a rather personal question？ -_。 A. Yes，dont worry BOf course，go ahead C. Yes，help yourself DOf course，why not -Do you think I could borrow your dictionary？ -_。 AYes，you may borrow BYes，you could CYes，go on DYes，help yours

26、elf,误区警示 透析,英汉差异易错点 May I ask a question after class,Sir? ,but not during my lunch break. A.Im sorryB.Anytime C.CertainlyD.Go ahead,2. Do you mind if I record your lecture? .Go ahead. A.Never mindB.No way C.Not at allD.No.Youd better not, 交往类用语的易错点 Would you take this along to the office for me? . A

27、.With pleasureB.Thats rightC.Never mindD.Dont mention it,(2010郑州一模) Mr.Jones!Sam has broken the glass! Such things happen. A.What a pity! B.Doesnt matter. C.What is the matter? D.How come? 解析 情景交际题。根据“Such things happen.” 中的一般现在时可知第二个说话人认为这种情况是经常发生的，不足为奇，所以不要紧。故选B。,B,2.(2010济南一次质检) Lets do something

28、 different. How about tennis? A.So what? B.All right. C.Who cares? D.It depends. 解析 该题考查交际用语。Lets do something different意为“让我们做些不同的事情吧”。后文 提出了建议，故可知此处表示说话人同意对方的提 议，故选B项。,B,3. (2010潍坊市一次质检) Shall I lock the lab before I go home? .Ill check it myself later. A.Go aheadB.No problem C.No hurryD.Dont both

29、er 解析 该题考查交际用语。Dont bother.意为“不 麻烦了”。,D,(2010青岛市二次质检) I hear Alice was badly injured in the accident and sent to hospital. ,we should go and see her immediately. A.If so B.When necessary C.On condition that D.Believe it or not 解析 考查情景对话。句意为：我听说Alice在 事故中受伤严重，并且被送进了医院。如果是那样的话，我们应该马上去看她。If so表示“如果这（那）

30、样的话”；when Necessary 表示“有必要时”；on condition that表示“如果”；believe it or not表示“信不信 由你”。根据句意可知选A项。,A,5. (2010青岛市一次质检) When will you be through with your work? ?My boss usually finds something for me to do at the last minute. A.Who knows B.Would you help me C.I beg your pardon D.Anything the matter 解析 该题考查交

31、际用语。be through with 意为“完成”。句意为：你什么时候能完成工 作？谁知道呢？我老板总是在最后时刻给我 安排一些事情。,A,6. (2010日照二次调研) Why didnt you pay the accommodation rent? The rent? A.It all depends. B.Its up to you. C.You are crazy! D.That isnt due yet. 解析 考查情景交际。句意为：你为什么还 不交房租呢？房租？还没有到期呢。根据句 意选D项。,D,7. (2010烟台二模) Mom,may I play the compute

32、r games for a while? !Dad is in the study. A.Help yourself B.Its up to you C.Behave yourself D.Go ahead 解析 考查交际用语。behave yourself的意思是 “行为规矩点”。根据题意可知，因为Dad正在书房 里（工作或者学习），Mom告诉孩子“行为规矩 点”，以免影响到Dad,因此C项符合语境。help yourself意思是“请自便”；its up to you意思是 “由你决定”；go ahead表示同意，意思是“做吧， 干吧”。,C,8. (2010济南市模拟) at the n

33、ew school? Fine,Ive got used to the life there and Ive made some friends. A.How are you B.How are you doing C.How do you do D.Are you getting on well 解析 考查情景对话。how are you doing相当于 how are you getting on,意思是“你的情况怎么 样”。这句话的意思是“你在新学校里情况怎么样 啊？”。其他选项不合题意。,B,-Give me a bottle of German dark beer and one

34、Scotch beef。 -Just a moment，sir。_。Ten dollars and fifty-five cent，please AHere it is BHere you are C. Here we are DGive you this -Can I have a look at your new car？ -Certainly，_。 Aplease look BIts too dear Cits very beautiful Dgo ahead -Quick！The train is leaving。 -_。We still have ten minutes left。

35、ANever mind BMy pleasure CAll right DGo ahead,专项练习,4.-Could you make the booking in her name？ -_。 ANo problem BIts all right CFine DI hope so 5.-Could you get the butter out of the fridge？ -_？Its so noisy that I cant hear。 A. Do you want the moneyB What will you want to do C. How much DYou what 6.-L

36、ets go shopping first and then go fishing tomorrow。 -But how will you get there？ -_。I wont have the car，will I？ AWell，come on BYou go yourself CThats a good point DIm afraid I dont agree,“说得对（没想到这一点）；所言极是”,7-_ -Drop in if you have time. -Sure. Bye ! AWell，I really must be going now. BI wonder if you

37、 could let me go now. CDo you mind if I leave now？ DWhat a shame that I want to go now! 8.-Its too expensive. I need more discount. -1，500，but thats my last offer. -OK，its a _. Acost Bprice Creward Ddeal,“一言为定；成交”,9.-Next Monday is my birthday. -Is that so ?_ -Thank you AI dont believe so. BIm so gl

38、ad CWhat presents do you need? DMany happy returns of the day! 10.-Will you please explain this paragraph for me? -_ ANo，thanks BIts OK CWith pleasure DIm glad to hear that 11.-I really didnt know how to thank you enough. -_ ANo problem BThink nothing of it CNot at all D.It doesnt matter,“祝您长寿；祝您生日快

39、乐”,相当于Dont mention it，表示“不用客气”,12.-Merry Christmas and happy New Year！ -_。 AThe same to you BGlad to hear that CHave a good time DYou arent sorry 13.-Thanks for the lovely and delicious food。 -_。 ANo，thanks BNever mind CAll right DMy pleasure 14.-_？ -No，please go ahead。 ACould you please give me a h

40、and？ B Shall we go home now CWould you like to see a film with me DDo you mind if I use your computer for a while,15.-Shall we go out for a walk after supper？ -_. AHelp yourself BGo ahead，please B Thats right DAll right 16.-May I have another cake ？ -Yes，of course。_ APlease taste quickly BHave more，

41、please C Help yourself DEat slowly while it is hot 17.-Would you mind if I smoked here？ -_。Go forwardyeah，at the corner。Yeah，right there ASorry，not here BYes，I do CNever mind DOf course not,18.-Im sorry，I I broke your vase，sir。 -_ AWhy ？ BOh, its so precious C No matter DIm sorry too 19.-Betty was f

42、eeling pretty blue for a while，but shes better now。 -_。 A. Oh，thats kind of you BCongratulations C. Its my pleasure D. Oh，Im glad to hear that 20.-_？ -No，thanks。Im just looking around。Ill let you know if I want anything。 AHave you made up your mind what you want BWhat do you want CCan I help you DDo

43、 you like it,21.-_。 -Its nothing to worry about。I never liked it anyway。 AI lost my walkman this morning BI feel awful. Ive got a cold. CI feel terrible，but Ive left your tape somewhere DIm sorry，but we dont have that medicine 22.-Whats happened to my library books？ -_。 AIve no idea. BYou borrowed them from the library CYou bought them DTheyre abou