2012年广东高考英语试卷及答案解析详细

1、.2012 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）a英语i语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节完形填空（共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115 各题所给的a 、 b 、c 和 d 项中，选出最佳选项。we all know that some things are obviously right. for example, it is right to be _1_ to other people. it is also right to look after the environment. some things are _2_ wron

2、g, too. for instance, we should not hurt or bully( 欺负 ) others, nor should we litter. rules often tell us what is right or wrong.rules can help the public make the right _3_, and remain safe. car divers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crash

3、es. cyclists who give signals before turning or stoppinghelp prevent _4_.if people follow rules without taking other matters into consideration, it will be _5_ for them to formwhat is sometimes called a“ black and white” view. for example, they may believe that people should always tellthe truth, an

4、d that lying is _6_ acceptable. such people always stick to their views, even if it means that they may get into _7_.sometimes it may not be so easy to know _8_ what is right or wrong. some people choose not to eatmeat because they believe that it is _9_ to eat animals, but other argue that they can

5、 eat meat and _10_be kind to animals; some insist that stealing is always wrong, but others think that one does not need to feel so _11_ when stealing some food to eat, if he lives in a really poor area and he is _12_.rules help us live together in harmony, because they show us the right way to _13_

6、 others. however, some people argue that rules may be _14_, having observed that rules change all the time, and that some schools have some regulations and others have different ones so who is to _15_ what is right ?1.a. kindb .sensitivec. faird. generous2.a. equallyb. slightlyc. clearlyd. increasin

7、gly3.a. suggestionsb. conclusionsc. turnsd. choices4.a. accidentsb mistakesc. fallsd. deaths5.a. interestingb. vitalc. easyd. valuable6 .a. seldomb. rarelyc. merelyd. never7.a. troubleb. powerc. prisond. exactly9.a. awfulb. cruelc. unhealthyd. unnecessary10.a. stillb. evenc. laterd. somehow11.a. ner

8、vousb. anxiousc. afraidd. guilty12.a. beggingb. stavingc. growingd. wandering13.a. followb. instructc. treatd. protect14.a. disgustingb. confusingc. unsafed. unimportant15.a. predictb. explainc. decided. consider第二节语法填空（共 10 小题 ，每小题1.5 分 ，满分15 分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用口号中词语的正确形式填空

9、，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625 的相应位置上。;.mary will never forget the first time she saw him. he suddenly appeared in class one day, _16_ (wear)sun glasses. he walked in as if he _17_ (buy) the school. and the word quickly got around that he was from new york city.for some reason he sat beside mary. mary felt _18_

10、 (please), because there were many empty seats inthe room. but she quickly realized that it wasns probablyther,theitfactwa that she sat in _19_ last row._20_ he thought he cloud escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. it might have made it alittle _21_ (hard) for everybody because it

11、meant they had to turn around, but that didn t stop the kids in theclass. of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at mary, _22_ made her feel like astar.“ do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. the new boy shook his head.appreciate it if you didn t

12、 wear them in class. i like to look at your eyes when i m speaking tolooked at the teacher _23_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered _24_ the boy would do.then he took _25_ off, gave a big s mile and said“ that is cool”.阅读理解（共两节，满分50 分）第一节阅读理解（共20 小题；每小题2 分，满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a 、 b、 c

13、、 d 和 d 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。a“ have a nice day!” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless. when my friend maxie saysday ” with a smile, i know she s incerely cares about what happens to me. i feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.“ have a nice day. next!” t

14、his version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who isrushing me and my groceries out the door. the words come out in the same tone ( 腔调 ) with a fixed procedure.they are spoken at me, not to me . obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else s is the managemeattempt

15、to increase business.the expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. sometimes it indicatesthe end of a meeting. as soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. sometimes the expression savesus when we don t know what to say“ oh, you may have a tooth o

16、ut? i m terribly sorry, but have a nice dathe expression can be pleasant. if a stranger says“ have a nice day” to you, you-warmmayfindg it heartbecause someone you don t know has tried to be nice to you.althoughthe use of the expression isan insincere,meaningless social custom at times, there is not

17、hingwrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting. the salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all thecountless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. but in a strange and comfortableway, it s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care whe

18、n they really don t care all that mexpression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. the point is that people say it all the time when theylike.26. how does the author understand maxie? s wordsa. maxie shows her anxiety to the author.b. maxie really wishes the author a good day.c. maxie enco

19、urages the author to stay happyd. maxie really worries about the author s security.27. what does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?a. the salesgirl is rude.b. the salesgirl is bored.c. the salesgirl cares about me.d. the salesgirl says the words as a routine.28. by saying“ have a nice day,

20、” a stranger may _.;.a. try to be polite to youb. express respect to youc. give his blessing to youd. share his pleasure with you29. according to the last paragraph, people say“ have a nice day” _.a. sincerelyb. as thanksc. as a habitd. encouragingly30. what is the best title of the passage?a. have

21、a nice day a social custom.b. have a nice day a pleasant gesture.c. have a nice day a heart-warming greeting.d. have a nice day a polite ending of a conversation.bi have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly. as a doctor, mother and scientist in childdevelopment i believe there is no

22、thing to recommend it, from the baby s point of view.mothers, doctors and nurse alike have no idea of where a baby s blood sugar level lies. all we know islow level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed. in this state, the baby is difficult tocalm down and sleep is impossib

23、le. the baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth.it is not just unkind but also dangerous to say a four-hourly feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied. thefirst of the experts to advocate a strict clock-watching schedule was dr frederic trubyking, who was againstfe

24、eding in the night. i ve never heard anything so ridiculous. baby feeding shouldn t follow a timmum. what is important is feeding a baby in the best way, though it may cause some inconvenience in the first few weeks.well, at last we have copper-bottomed research that supports demand feeding and poin

25、ts out the weaknessesof strictly timed feeding. the research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5, 7, 11 and 14, than babies fed according to the clock. by the age of 8, their iq （智商） scores are four to five percenthigher than babies fed by a rigid timetable. this

26、 research comes from oxford and essex university using a sample（样本） of 10,419 children born in the early 1990s, taking account of parental education, family income, achild s sex and age, the mother s health and feeling style. these results don t surprise me. feedschedule runs the risk of harming the

27、 rapidly growing brain by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels.i hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeding practices.31. according to paragraph 2, one reason why a baby cries is that it feels_.a. sickb. upsetc. sleepyd . hungry32. what does the author th

28、ink about dr king?a. he is strict.b. he is unkind.c. he has the wrong idea.d. he sets a timetable for mothers.33. the wordcopper“-bottomed ” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _.a. basicb. reliablec. surprisingd. interesting34. what does the research tell us about feeding a baby on demand?a. th

29、e baby will sleep well.b. the baby will have its brain harmed.c. the baby will have a low blood sugar level.d. the baby will grow to be wiser by the age of 8.35. the author supports deeding the baby_.a. in the nightb. every four hoursc. whenever it wants foodd. according to its blood sugar levelci w

30、as blind, but i was ashamed of it if it was known. i refused to use a white stick and hated asking for help.after all, i was a teenage r girl, and i couldn t bear people to look at me and think i was not like them. i must have;.been a terrible danger on the roads, coming across me wandering through

31、the traffic; motorists probably would have to step rapidly on their brakes. apart from that, there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work.one evening, i got off the bus about halfway home where i had to change buses, and as usual i ran intosomething.“ i m awfully

32、sorry,” i said and stepped forward onlyintotoit runagain. when it happened a thirdtime, i realized i had been apologizing to a lamppost. this was just one of the stupid things that constantlyhappened to me. so i carried on and found the bus stop, which was a request stop, where the bus wouldnstopunl

33、ess passengers wanted to get on or off. no one else was there and i had to try to guess if the bus had arrived.generally in this situation, because i hated showing i was blind by asking for help, i tried to guess at thesound. sometimes i would stop a big lorry and stand there feeling stupid as it dr

34、ew away. in the end, i usually managed to swallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for help.but on this particular evening no one joined me at the stop; it seemed that everyone had suddenly decided notto travel by bus. of course i heard plenty of buses pass, or i thought i did. but because i had

35、 given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself, i let them all go by. i stood there alone for half an hour without stopping one. then i gave up. i decided to walk on to the next stop.36.the girl refused to ask for help because she thought_.a. she might be recognizedb. asking for help lo

36、oked sillyc. she was normal and independentd. being found blind was embarrassing37.after the girl got off the bus that evening, she_.a. began to runb. hit a person as usualc. hit a lamppost by accidentd. was caught by something38.at the request stop that evening, the girl_.a. stopped a big lorryb. s

37、topped the wrong busc. made no attempt to stop the busd. was not noticed by other people39.what was the problem with guessing at the sound to stop a bus?a. other vehicles also stopped there.b. it was unreliable for making judgments.c. more lorries than buses responded to the girl. d. it took too muc

38、h time for the girl to catch the bus.40.finally the girl decided to walk to the next stop, hoping_.a. to find people thereb. to find more buses therec. to find the bus by herself thered. to find people more helpful theredsports accounts for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial

39、time by television companies. many television companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public, and then they have soled audiences to advertisers.an attraction of sports programs for the major u.s. media companies is that events are often held on saturday

40、and sunday afternoons the slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing. sports events are the most popular weekend programs, especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other times during the week. this means the television networks are able to sell advertis

41、ing time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if television stations did not report certain sports. the people in the advertising departm

42、ents of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers. they also realize that most business travelers are men that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and life insurance.;.golf and tennis are special cases for television programming. these sports attract

43、few viewers, and the ratings （收视率） are unusually low. however, the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertises. it is made up of people from the highest incomes groups in the united states, including many lawyers and business managers. this is why television reporting of golf and t

44、ennis if sponsors by companies selling high-priced cars, business and personal computers, and holiday trips. this is also why the networks continue to carry these programs regardless of low ratings. advertisers are willing to pay high fees to reach high-income consumers andthose managers who make de

45、cisions to buy thousands of “ company cars ” and computers. with such viewers programs don t need high ratings toystaon the air.41. television sport programs on weekend afternoons .a. result in more sport events.b. get more viewers to play sports.c. make more people interested in television.d. bring

46、 more money to the television networks.42. why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport programs?a. because there would be few viewers.b. because the advertises would be off work.c. because television programs would go slowly.d. because viewers would pay less for watching television.4

47、3.in many families, men make decisions on .a. holiday tripsb. sports viewingc. televisions shoppingd. expensive purchasers44.the ratings are not important for golf and tennis programs, because .a. their advertisers are carmakers.b. their viewers are attracted by sports.c. their advertisers target at

48、 rich people.d. their viewers can afford expensive cars.45. what is the passage mainly about?a. television ratings are determined by male viewers.b. rich viewers contribute most to television companies.c. sports are gaining importance in advertising on television.d. commercial advertisers are the ma

49、jor sponsors of sport events.第二节信息匹配（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。首先阅读下列某实习编辑从一组读者来信中整理出来的关键备忘信息。;.ahobbies : reading, listening to music and watching birdspurpose :asking for spare copies of textbooks, teaching materials or journalsbhobbies : reading, singing and

50、travelingpurpose : learning about ideas of teaching professionals in the worldc.dhobbies : reading and exchanging fancy gifts and ideas about local customs and conventionspurpose :exchanging ideas on teaching methodsehobbies : listening to western pop music, exchanging gifts and collecting thingspur

51、pose : making friends with both fellow teachers and students of english around the worldfhobbies : role-playing, listening to music and collecting nice thingspurpose : communicate with new friends among english teachers from the uk and the usa46.hobbies : swimming, cycling and raising cats and dogsp

52、urpose : finding pen friends all over the world and communicate in englishdear editor,i am a secondary school teacher of english. i would liketo have pen friends all over the world for my students.they are aged 15-19 and good at swimming,cyclingand raising cats and dogs. if students in your countrya

53、re interested in corresponding with turkish students inenglish, please tell them to write to my address, so thati can distribute their letters to my students who arewilling to have friends and are in need of practice.ms. imbat81030, istanbulturkey;.47dear editor,i am interested in corresponding with

54、 other teflteachers and researchers about issues of professionaldevelopment. i would like to share ideas with fellowteachers from english-speaking countries throughoutthe world. my hobbies are reading, listening to musicand watching birds. since i live in a rather isolated area,i would appreciate any spare copies if text books,teaching materials or journals that other teachers woul