虚拟语气(senior_two)subjective_mood.ppt

1、,Revision 1. wish 希望 2. would rather 宁愿 3. as if/though 似乎，好像 4. It is (about/high) time that 是时候该做某事 5. If only 要是. 就好了,The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气,不要太多翻译 结合作文 点学生 多读，加强记忆。,一、虚拟语气特殊句型:,1. wish 的宾语从句,现在: 过去时(were) 过去: 过去完成时(had done) 未来: would/could/might +V.(原) should,I wish every day were my birthday

2、.,我多希望这次考试我们班的学生都及格了呀,我希望每天都是我生日。,How I wish all the students in our class had passed the exam.,2. would rather that,现在:过去时 过去:过去完成时 未来:过去时, I would rather you_(not tell) me the news yesterday. It made me so sad. I am very curious about the news. I would rather you_ (tell) me now.,hadnt told,told,3.

3、 as if /though + 从句,现在：过去时 过去：过去完成时, He tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe as if it_ (be)the finest steak. I remember the whole thing as if it _(happen )yesterday.,were,had happened,4. Its (about/high) time +that,过去时(were) should(不省) +V.,是我们为环保做些事情的时候了。,Its high time that you did /shou

4、ld do something to protect the environment.,5. 虚拟语气用于If only 引导的感叹句中，“要是就好了” If only,现在： 过去时 过去：过去完成时,我要是一只鸟就好了 If only I were a bird! 要是我看过那部电影就好了！ If only I had seen the film!,Types,1.wish，as if, would rather, Its time that , if only ） 2. If 型 3.should +V型,虚拟语气,虚拟语气,If 型 If 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气,If 从句的谓语形式

5、,主句的谓语形式,现在,did（be-were）,would/could/ should/might +do,与现在事实相反虚拟,I always wish I were a bird. If I were a bird ,I would have two wings; If I had two wings, I could fly high in the sky; If I flew high in the sky, I should feel freer; If I felt freer , I might be happier.,If I _(be) a child, I_(be) ha

6、ppier. If I _ (have) a lot of money, I _ (donate) some to the Hope Project.,were,would be,had,would donate,与过去事实相反虚拟：,If Jack hadnt been on board the Titanic, he wouldnt have met Rose.,If Jack _ ( not meet) Rose, they _ (not fall) in love with each other.,hadnt met,wouldnt have fallen,与过去事实相反虚拟：,If

7、从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,过去,had(not) done,would/could/should /might +have done,与过去事实相反虚拟：,If jack hadnt been on board the Titanic, he wouldnt have met Rose. If Jack hadnt met Rose, they wouldnt have fallen in love with each other.,If Titanic _ ( not hit) an iceberg, the unsinkable ship _ (not sink) into the

8、ocean.,hadnt hit,wouldnt have sunk,与过去事实相反虚拟：,与过去事实相反虚拟：,If the ship _( not sink ) into the ocean, Jack _(not die) .,hadnt sunk,wouldnt have died,What would have happened if the farmer hadnt seen the snake?,If the famer _(not see) the snake, he _ (not put) it under his coat; if he _ (not put)it unde

9、r his coat ,the snake _ (not bite)him;if the snake_ (not bite)him,he _(not die).,hadnt seen,wouldnt have put,hadnt put,wouldnt have bitten,hadnt bitten,wouldnt have died.,(农夫与蛇),与过去事实相反虚拟,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,将来,1.did（were）,would/could/ should/might +do,2.should+do 3. were to do,与将来事实相反虚拟：,If we had/

10、should have/were to have 7 days off next week, we should be very happy. 如果下星期我们放五天假，我们会很高兴。,过去式 (were),had done,would/could/should/might +V. (原),would/could/should/might +have done,1.过去式(be-were) 2. should+ V.(原) 3. were to do,would/could/should/might +V. (原),虚拟语气,1. If 型虚拟用法小结,practice If I _( not

11、come) to this school, I _ ( not meet) you. If I _ (not become) your teacher ,I _(not make) friends with you. If you all _(admit) to the key universities, I _ (be) very happy. So if I _ you ,I _（study）harder .,hadnt come,wouldnt have met,hadnt become,couldnt have made,were admitted,would be,were,woul

12、d study,虚拟语气,定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同,If you had listened carefully, you could do it easily now.,与过去相反,与现在相反,各自为准,If型特例1：错综时间条件句：,Practice: If you had listened to the doctor, you _ all right now. A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been If you had taken my advice , you _in trouble now. wouldnt have b

13、een wouldnt be were not are not,虚拟语气,If型特例2：省略 if 的条件从句：,省略if，把从句中有 were, had 或 should 提前到句首。,3. If you had not helped me，I should have failed.,2. If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again.,1. If I were you, I would not do that.,Were I you, I would not do that.,Should he fail

14、 in the experiment this time, he would try again.,Had you not helped me, I should have failed.,虚拟语气应试对策,判断是否虚拟,2. 判断虚拟类型,3. 判断虚拟时间,Pass!,Play a game If I were a ., I would . With your partner take turns to imagine what you would do if you could be somebody or do anything .make your sentences as inte

15、resting and imaginative as you can.,动词填空,1.were 2 was ；should have 3.had 4.were 5. had followed ; would be 6. had happened 7.would have stopped 8.would start 9.Were ; would seize 10.Had 8. were,Translation,1.如果我是你，我会更加努力地学习。 2.如果兔子不那么骄傲，它就不会输给乌龟。 3.如果这次失败了，我会再尝试。 4. 如果你有听取他的建议，现在会很轻松。,5. 每个人都掌握一些急救知

16、识是很重要的。 6. 老师建议我们抓住任何机会去讲英语。 7. 是我们采取行动保护环境的时候了。 8. 我多么希望世界上没有饥饿和战争。 9. 要是时间可以倒流就好了。 10.他苍白的脸色说明他并病了，他父母建议他去看医生。,1.If I were you, I would study harder. Were I you, I would study harder. 2. If the Rabbit hadnt been so proud, it would have been defeated by the Turtle. Had the Rabbit not been proud, it

17、 would have been defeated by the Turtle. 3. If I should fail /failed /were to fail this time, I would try again. Should I fail this time, I would try again. 4. If you had taken his advice, you would be fine now. Had you taken his advice, you would be fine now.,5.The couple treat him as if he were th

18、eir own son. 6.The teacher suggested that we (should) seize every chance to speak English. 7.It is time that we should take /took action to protect the environment. 8.How I wish there were no hunger or war in the world. 9.If only time went back. 10 His pale face suggested that he was ill and his par

19、ents suggested that (should) go to see a doctor.,Writing 假如你是李华, 你班很多同学经常在课余时间网上购物, 浪费了许多宝贵时间。你在一次主题班会上发言, 用自己的亲身经历劝告同学慎重网购。以下是发言内容： 上周你在淘宝买了一部mp4但是三天后它就坏了.结果你建议卖家给你换一个新的或者退款,他拒绝了。你想：如果在买之前没有相信他说的话该多好。令你生气的是, 他把这部mp4吹捧 (brag about) 得不得了, 所以你毫不犹豫买下了。现在该是我们意识到网络购物的弊端的时候了. 如果我是你们，我会认真考虑网购。,Dear classma

20、tes, I bought an mp4 at taobao last week but it stopped working three days later. As a result, I suggested that the seller (should) change it with a new one or give me a refund but it is strange that he should refuse. I thought if only I hadnt believed what he said before I bought the mp4. To my ang

21、er, he bragged about his mp4 as if it were universal, so I bought it without hesitation. Now it is high time we realized the disadvantages of online shopping. So if I were you, I would consider shopping online carefully .,三建议,四要求,insist,order, command,advise, suggest, propose,demand, require, reques

22、t, ask,其后的宾语从句及其同根名词suggestion / proposal / order / advice / request / demand 引导的主语，表语，同位语从句中。,虚拟语气,二命令,一坚持,1.这种用法的词有：,二 .should + v 型,TIPS,insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气 Insist 表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即 should + do; Insist 表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。 suggest 表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。 suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。,虚拟语气,1)

23、The guard at gate insisted that everybody _ (obey) the rules. 2) He insisted that she _ (be)seriously ill and that she_ (send) to hospital at once.,obey,was,be sent,3) He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once. 4) His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill.,have,was,He insisted that I had read

24、 his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信。 He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信 He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建议我们留下吃饭。 What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他说的话表明他是个骗子。,We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _. A. should put off B. was put off C. should be put off

25、D. is to put off,My suggestion is that you _ English as much as you can . A. speak B. can speak C. must speak D. speaking,3.It is requested that every student in our school _ uniform every day. A. must wear B. wears C. wear D. wearing It is suggested / ordered / requested / proposed / demanded that从

26、句,2. Its necessary/strange/natural/ important / a pity / a shame + that 从句 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+ 动词原形,我们掌握一门外语是非常重要的。 It is important that we (should) master a foreign language.,很奇怪她竟然拒绝来参加聚会。 It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. 很遗憾他竟然没通过考试。 Its a pity that he not pass the exam.,类似 i

27、f 型（4）,虚拟语气,but for +n(要不是), without +n, otherwise(否则)， in that case，,一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句（if）, 其后的句子与虚拟条件主句用法一致。,+句子,would/could/should/might +V. (原),would/could/should/might +have done,现在/将来,过去,1. But for your help, we (make) such rapid progress.,没有你的帮助，我们是不会取得这么快的进展的。,would not have made,虚拟语气,类似 if 型,2.

28、 Without air, there _ (be) no living things. 如果没有空气，就不会有生物,would be,3. Thanks to the brave young man, otherwise, the boy _(die).,would have died,Subjective mood,If 型 Should +v型 类似if型,。 。 。,混杂条件句(各自为准) Were, had ,should提前，省略if,1. 一个坚持，两个命令， 三个建议，四个要求。,2. It is（necessary，strange）+that,wish/as if Would

29、 rather/ if only It is (high) time that,1.过去式 2.过去完成 3.could、would、might +v,1.过去式 2.过去完成,Should（不省） +v/ 过去式,insist suggest,动词填空 1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _ (be) broken. 2. Janes pale face suggested that she _ (be) ill, and her parents suggested that she _(have

30、) a medical examination. 3. If I _(have) a million dollars, I would first donate some of the money to poor children in remote mountainous areas.,(should) have,were,was,had,4.If I _ (be) you, I would do it in a different way. 5. If you _ (follow) my advice just now, you _(be) fine now. 混合虚拟，从句于过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。,were,would be,had followed,6. It is very important that you _ _(have ) a knowledge of first aid. 7. Engli