LearningaboutLanguage (6).ppt

1、Unit 3 Under the sea Learning about language,动词ing形式的被动语态 动词ing形式包括现在分词和动名词两种形式，因而其被动结构也有这两种形式。从时态上讲，动词ing形式的被动语态有一般时和完成时两种，即being done和having been done。动名词的被动形式在句中可作主语和宾语；现在分词的被动形式在句中可作补语、定语和状语。,一、意义 1一般时表示一个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。 That building being repaired is our library. 正在维修的那座大楼是我们的图书馆。 S

2、he insisted on being given the hardest work. 她坚持被派给最艰苦的工作。,2完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 Having been invited, Mr.Li went there to make a speech though he was busy. 被邀请后，李先生尽管很忙，还是去了那儿做了演讲。 I appreciated having been given the chance to study abroad two years ago. 我非常感谢两年前获得了去国外学习的机会。,功能 主语 Being laughed

3、at in public is a terrible experience. 在公共场合被嘲笑是一次非常不愉快的经历。 Being exposed to the sunlight is harmful to health. 暴晒在太阳下对健康有害。,二、,1,宾语 You cant eat anything before being operated on. 在动手术之前你不能吃任何东西。 I forget once being taken to the sea when I was young. 我忘了小时候曾被带到海边。,2,【温馨提示】,The house wants cleaning.

4、 这房屋需要打扫了！ His method is worth trying. 他的方法值得一试。,want(需要)，need，require用动名词的主动式表示被动时，也可改为用不定式的被动式表达同样的意义。 This sentence needs improving. This sentence needs to be improved. 这个句子需要改。 My hair wants cutting. My hair wants to be cut.我的头发需要理了。,定语 The meeting being held now is very important. 现在正在召开的会议非常重要

5、。 【温馨提示】动词ing形式的被动形式表示一个被动的动作正在进行；过去分词表示一个被动的动作已经发生；不定式的被动式表示将来的一个被动的动作。 a meeting being held now现在正在举行的会议 a meeting held yesterday昨天举行的一个会议 a meeting to be held tomorrow 明天将会举行的会议,3,4宾补 He often watched the boats being unloaded. 他常常看到轮船卸货。 5状语 Being asked to give a performance, she couldnt very wel

6、l refuse. 有人请她表演一个节目，她不好拒绝。 Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistakes. 被告知多次了，他仍然犯同样的错误。,否定形式 动词ing形式被动式的否定形式，是在其前面加not。 He was unhappy for not having been invited to the party. 没有被邀请参加聚会，他感到很不高兴。,三、,四、动词ing形式被动式的复合结构 当动词ing形式被动式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动词ing形式之前加上物主代词或名词所有格(整个复合结构不作

7、主语时，可用人称代词宾格代替物主代词，名词普通格代替名词所有格)，其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语，动词ing形式是逻辑上的谓语。,I am very pleased at you/your having been honored with a medal. 很高兴你能获得一枚奖牌。 The decision having been made, the next problem was how to make a good plan. 决定已经做出，下一个问题就是如何制定一个好的规划了。,【感悟高考】 1China recently tightened its waters contr

8、ols near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from_in the South China Sea.(2012福建，28) AattackingBhaving attacked Cbeing attackedDhaving been attacked 解析句意：最近， 中国加强对黄岩岛附近水域的管控，以防止中国渔船在南海受到攻击。本题考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语Chinese fishing boats与非谓语动词之间为被动关系，所以排除A和B；根据句意可知，加强管控的目的是为了防止受到攻击而不是防止已经被攻击，所以排

9、除D。故答案为C项。 答案C,2_to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film.(2012重庆，23) AHaving been askedBTo ask CHaving askedDTo be asked 解析句意：那天晚上我因被要求加班错过了一场好看的电影。考查非谓语动词作原因状语的用法。非谓语动词与主语I之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故排除B、C两项；不定式短语置于句首时通常表目的，故排除D项；having been asked在本句中作原因状语，故答案为A项。 答案A,用所给动词的适当形式填空 _(hold) his head

10、 high, he walked past the pole and the soldiers as if they didnt exist. Do you mind Jams _(leave) alone at home? _ (cheat) many times, she now believes in nobody. Im sorry for _(finish) my task on time. She could not bear _(make) fun of like that.,being made,Holding,being left,Having been cheated,no

11、t finishing,【单项填空】 Rainforests_and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. Acut Bare cut Care being cut Dhad been cut 解析考查被动语态的应用。根据题意，首先排除A项，因为本题中此处需用动词的被动语态形式；由从句的内容they will disappear from the earth in the near future可以判断，此处要用现在进行时的被动语态，表示现在正在发生着的动作对将来可能

12、造成的影响；B项是一般现在时，它常用来表示一个通常的情况，不强调时间性，故不符合该处语境；,D项是过去完成时，与将来没有任何联系，故不可能作为最佳答案。句意：雨林正在以那么快的速度被砍伐和焚烧以至于在不久的将来它们会消失掉。 由于分不清一般现在时被动语态和现在进行时被动语态的区别会误选。 答案C,I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _ the cloth _ well. Ahave told；washes Bhave been told；washes Cwas told；washed Dhave been told；is washed 解析考查

13、动词时态和语态。动词wash，lock，sell，wear，write，read，open，shut，clean等动词的主语是物，且又表示主语的特征或状态，要用主动形式表示被动意义，前一个空根据题意需用被动，故选B项。 答案B,I still remember_ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. Ato take Bto be taken Ctaking Dbeing taken 解析考查动词remember后作宾语的非谓语动词用法。句意：我仍然记得我被带去了法门寺，对于在那里的所见我仍然记忆犹新。remember to do sth记得要去做

14、某事；remember doing sth记得已经做过某事。根据句中“what I saw there”可知用动名词作宾语，又因I与take之间为被动关系，故用动名词的被动形式，选D。 答案D,Please stop to have a rest. You_ the washing machine the whole morning. Ahave repaired Bwere repairing Chave been repaired Dhave been repairing 解析句意：请停下来歇会吧。这台洗衣机你已经修了整整一上午了。说话者表示“从早晨到现在一直修理洗衣机，并强调此刻还在修理”，故用现在完成进行时。 答案D,Why havent you ac