广东2017年中考英语语法精讲精练-十-非谓语动词.ppt

1、第十节 非谓语动词,第一部分 语法精讲精练,目录,contents,考点突破,考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四,课堂小测,中考模拟演练,考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四,中考导航,目录,contents,目录,contents,考情分析： 从近五年考查情况来看，非谓语动词是每年必考的，每年均考查1题，近几年考查的均是动词不定式。2017年备考时要熟练掌握动词不定式的各种用法。,目录,contents,考点预测: 1.allow/ask sb. to do 2.decide/regret /hope to do,考点突破,考点一 动词不定式 考点二 动名词,目录,contents,动词不定式的形式及

2、特点 动词不定式一般由不定式符号“to+动词原形构成， 有的不定式不带to。不定式的否定形式是“not to(do)”。如： He asked me to play chess with him. 他让我和他一起下棋。(带to) I saw a boy go across the road just now. 我看见有个男孩刚才过了马路。(不带to) The teacher told me not to be late again. 老师告诉我不要再迟到。(否定形式),2.动词不定式的用法 动词不定式在句子中不能作谓语,但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和同位语。虽然不作谓语，

3、但它可以有自己的宾语或状语。 (1)不定式作宾语 不定式作宾语的情况比较多，但是一般情况下，不定式只作部分动词的宾语。经常接不定式作宾语(即动词+to do sth.结构)的动词有：,begin(开始) care(愿意) ask(要求) hope(希望) learn(学会) expect(期望) want(想要) wish(希望) forget(忘记) like(喜欢) decide(决定) try(尝试) continue(继续) prefer(比较喜欢) pretend(假装)等。 如：I hope to see the famous scientist.(to see做hope的宾语)我

4、希望看见那位著名的科学家。,不定式也可以用来作某些形容词的宾语。常见的这类形容词有：ready(准备好)，anxious(急于)，able(能够)，sure(一定)，glad(高兴)，sorry(难过)，afraid(害怕)，pleased(高兴)，willing(愿意)等。如： Im glad to meet you.(to meet做glad的宾语)见到你很高兴。 不定式和疑问词连用作宾语。 例如：when to do(什么时候做)；how to do(怎样做)；what to do(做什么)；why to do(为什么做)；where to do(在哪儿做)；which to do(做哪

5、一个)等等。如：,I dont know what to buy for my mother.(what to buy做know的宾语) 我不知道给妈妈买什么。 (2)不定式用作宾语补足语 不定式用作宾语补足语，也是在一些特定的动词之后。常接“宾语+宾补”(即动词+ sb. +to do sth.结构)的动词有：ask(请)，force(强迫)，allow(允许)，expect(期望，盼望)，invite(邀请)，want(要)，tell(告诉)，advise(建议)，help(帮助)，persuade(说服)，permit(准许)等。如： Joan asked Mary to speak f

6、irst.(Mary在句中作宾语，to speak补充说明Mary要做的事)琼请玛丽先说。,(3)不定式作状语 不定式作状语，修饰动词，用于表示行为的目的、结果或原因等，一般放在动词后面。如： We ran over to welcome the new friends from the USA.(to welcome作目的状语) 我们跑过去欢迎来自美国的新朋友。 (4)不定式作主语(可用it来作形式主语，将真正主语置后) To learn maths is very important.=It is very important to learn maths.学数学很重要。,3.省to的不定

7、式 使役动词和感官动词，后带宾语，再接不定式作宾补时，主动语态时不定式要省to，被动语态时要补to。常考的有： make sb. do sth.使某人做某事 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 have sb. do sth使某人做某事 watch sb. do (doing) sth.注视某人(正在)做某事 notice sb. do (doing) sth.注意某人(正在)做某事 see sb. do (doing) sth.看见某人(正在)做某事 hear sb. do(doing) sth.听见某人(正在)做某事,如：I often see him run on the roa

8、d.(省略to)我经常看见他在马路上跑步。 4.不带to的常用句型 Why dont you do sth.?为什么不做某事？ Why not do sth.?为什么不做某事？ Would /Could you please do sth.？你愿意做某事吗？ Would /Could you please not do sth.？请你不要做某事，好吗？ had better(not) do sth.最好(不)要做某事,would rather do sth than do sth.宁愿做某事，也不愿做某事 prefer to do sthrather than do sth.宁愿做某事，也不愿

9、做某事,动词不定式用法口诀 不定式有标记，to与动原连一起。 没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。 主宾定状表补语，惟独作谓不可以。 not加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。 疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。,A,C,B,D,A,C,B,C,B,B,D,C,B,D,A,B,(说明：本考点内容虽然考纲中并未要求掌握，但也属于重要知识点，故也需要了解。) 1.动名词的基本形式和性质 (1)动名词是由“动词原形加-ing”构成，形式与动词的现在分词相同。如： No smoking here.这里禁止吸烟。 (2)动名词兼有动词和名词的性质。动词的性质是可以带宾语和状语，组成动名词短语；名词的性质是在句子中可以

10、充当主语、表语、宾语、介词宾语。如：,She is fond of collecting stamps.她喜欢集邮。(作宾语) Traveling abroad can be very exciting. 出国旅行会是很激动人心的。(作主语) The main thing is getting there in time.首要的事是及时到达那里。(作表语) 2.常见的可接动名词的动词短语有： insist on(坚持) think of(想到) dream of(梦想) object to(反对) hear of(听说) look forward to(期望),feel like(想要) de

11、vote.to(致力于) getbe used to(习惯于) be fond of(喜欢) be afraid of(害怕) be tired of(厌烦) succeed in(成功) stop.from(阻止做) keep.from(阻止) prevent.from(阻止做) depend on(依靠) spend.in(在花费) be interested in(对感兴趣) be proud of以为骄傲/自豪,课堂小测,目录,contents,考点一 动词不定式 考点二 动名词,目录,contents,( ) 1.(导学号 44372535)(2016湖北黄石)Mount Xiaol

12、ei is not far away from here, but it will still take us a few hours _ there by bike. A.getting B.to get C.got D.get ( ) 2.(导学号 44372536)(2016山东济宁)The show was so funny that it made everyone _ again and again. A.laugh B.laughed C.laughing D.to laugh,B,A,目录,contents,( ) 3.(导学号 44372537)(2016重庆)You sho

13、uld ask Bob _ his own clothes.He is ten years old now. A.wash B.washes C.washing D.to wash ( ) 4.(导学号 44372538)(2016贵州黔东南)Im new here. Dont worry.Ill do what I can _ you. A.to help B.help C.helping D.helped,D,A,目录,contents,( ) 5.(2016广东梅州)Annies parents encouraged her _ when she was very young. A.to

14、 dance B.dancing C.dance D.danced ( ) 6.(导学号 44372539)(2016山东)We have worked so long.Shall we stop _a rest? A.have B.to having C.having D.to have,A,D,目录,contents,( ) 7.(导学号 44372540)(2016河南)The boss asked Tim to go and_ out if there was anyone else absent. A.find B.finding C.to find D.found ( ) 8.(导

15、学号 44372541)(2016四川雅安)Our teacher often asks us_ time. A.not waste B.dont waste C.not to waste D.doesnt waste,A,C,目录,contents,( ) 9.（2016黑龙江）We advise parents _ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A.not to leave B.not leave C.not leaving ( ) 10.(导学号 44372542)(2016四川绵

16、阳)How kind you are! You always do what you can _ others. A.help B.helping C.helps D.to help,A,D,目录,contents,( ) 11.(导学号 44372543)(2016湖北咸宁)What does the sign mean? It tells us _in publi C. A.didnt smoke B.dont smoke C.not to smoke D.not smoke ( ) 12.(导学号 44372544)(2016江苏镇江)Our country encourages mor

17、e students _ football.Now many football clubs have been set up in schools. A.play B.playing C.to play D.will play,C,C,目录,contents,( ) 13.(导学号 44372545)(2016江苏南通)The couple will be away for a while and they need someone _ the baby. A.look after B.looking after C.looked after D.to look after ( ) 14.(导

18、学号 44372546)(2016江苏徐州)David said that the glass was broken and warned me _ it. A.dont touch B.to not touch C.not to touch D.no touching,D,C,目录,contents,( ) 15.(导学号 44372547)(2016天津)I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered _ me to watch an opera. A.took B.takes C.to take D.taking ( ) 16

19、.(导学号 44372548)(2016重庆) WTBXTaiji is my favorite and I often play it _ healthy. A.to keep B.keeps C.keeping D.kept,C,A,目录,contents,( ) 17.(导学号 44372549)(2016辽宁丹东)You never miss one minute in class. You know, we must listen to the teacher carefully _. A.take notes B.taking notes C.to take notes D.tak

20、es notes ( ) 18.(导学号 44372550)(2016吉林长春)I bought a big box _ books for kids in poor areas. A.Collects B.to collect C.collect D.collected,C,B,目录,contents,( ) 19.(2016山东济宁)The show was so funny that it made everyone _ again and again. A.laugh B.laughed C.laughing D.to laugh ( ) 20.(导学号 44372551)(2016江

21、苏南通)It is necessary for us students _ the listening ability. A.to improve B.improving C.improve D.improves,A,A,中考模拟演练,目录,contents,目录,contents,( ) 1.(导学号 44372552)Mr.Smith told his son _ the football match because of the exam. A.not to watch B.to not watch C.not watching D.doesnt watch ( ) 2.(导学号 443

22、72553)My parents didnt allow me _ to the party. A.go B.to go C.goes D.went,A,B,目录,contents,( ) 3.(导学号 44372554)Why not _ your friends for help when you are in trouble? A.ask B.to ask C.asks D.asking ( ) 4.(导学号 44372555)When you leave, please turn off the lights _ energy. A.save B.to save C.saving D.

23、saved ( ) 5.(导学号 44372556)I was tired out, so I stopped the car _ a short rest. A.have B.having C.to have D.had,A,B,C,目录,contents,( ) 6.(导学号 44372557)For our coming vacation, why _ going abroad and seeing the outside world? A.not consider B.to consider C.dont think D.not think ( ) 7.(导学号 44372558)Th

24、e joke was so funny that it made him _ again and again. A.laugh B.to laugh C.laughed D.laughs,A,A,目录,contents,( ) 8.(导学号 44372559)People who wont work should be made _. A.work B.to work C.working D.worked ( ) 9.(导学号 44372560)I still like those good old songs I often listened to _myself in my spare t

25、ime. A.enjoy B.enjoying C.to enjoy D.enjoyed,B,C,目录,contents,( ) 10.(导学号 44372561)What should we take when going birdwatching? We should take a pair of binoculars _ the birds clearly. A.see B.seeing C.to see D.sees ( ) 11.(导学号 44372562)Its necessary for us _English well. A.to learn B.learning C.lear

26、n D.learns,C,A,目录,contents,( ) 12.(导学号 44372563)We stopped _, but there was not any sound. A.to listen B.listens C.listen D.listening ( ) 13.(导学号 44372564)I found _not very easy _to ride a bike. A.that;learn B.it;to learn C.that;to learn D.it;learn,A,B,目录,contents,( ) 14.(导学号 44372565)The girl was m

27、ade_her brothers clothes. A.to wash B.wash C.washing D.washed ( ) 15.(导学号 44372566)Our teacher tells us _ on the street because its too dangerous. A.not play soccer B.not to play soccer C.to not play soccer D.not playing soccer,A,B,目录,contents,( ) 16.(导学号 44372567)Lisa is a little poor at Chinese.I

28、think she needs_it every day. A.practise to speak B.to practise speaking C.practise speaking D.to practise speak ( ) 17.(导学号 44372568)Mike went to the library _ some books yesterday. A.borrow B.to borrow C.borrows D.borrowed,B,B,目录,contents,( ) 18.(导学号 44372569)You look tired.Youd better _ a good re

29、st. A.stop to have B.stop having C.to stop to have D.to stop having ( ) 19.(导学号 44372570)When you leave, please turn off the light _ energy. A.save B.saving C.saved D.to save,A,D,目录,contents,( ) 20.(导学号 44372571)What did Mr.Green say to his son? He told him _. A.didnt smoke B.dont smoke C.not to smo

30、ke D.not smoke ( ) 21.(导学号 44372572)Toms mother told him _ eating too much meat. A.stopping B.to stop C.stops D.stopped,C,B,目录,contents,( ) 22.(导学号 44372573)Dont forget _ thanks when other people help you. A.accept B.to accept C.say D.to say ( ) 23.(导学号 44372574)Why not_ to the park now? Good idea! Lets go. A.go B.to go C.goes D.going,D,A,目录,contents,( ) 24.(导学号 44372575)The driver wanted_his car near