世纪商务英语__Companies.ppt

1、,Unit 1 Companies,世纪商务英语综合教程 III,返回,大连理工大学电子音像出版社,Companies,A company is often made up of three groups of people: the owners (or shareholders), the management and the workforce. The leader of the company, the general director, is responsible for the running of the whole company and is assisted by a

2、vice director. The company usually has some or all of the following departments: Marketing, Finance, Information Technology or IT, Human Resources or Personnel, Production, Public Relations or PR, Research and Development or R development of the company; environment in which the company operates.,Co

3、mpany culture should support a positive and productive environment.,Text A,Reading,Comprehension,Vocabulary,Translation,Supplementary Reading,Part 1,Part 2,Part 3,Part 4,Part 5,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,Text A Reading,Read the passage about IBM and answer the followi

4、ng questions.,1. How did the IT services become the single largest source of sales revenue in IBM? 2. What did IBM benefit from the agreement with Eastman Kodak Company? 3. What do people mean in the services business? 4. What are the six lessons IBM has learned? 5. How do you understand “co-opetiti

5、on”?,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,Text A Reading,New Words And Expressions,encompass v. 包含, 包括derive v. (from) 获得；起源于 maintenance n. 维修，保养non0maintenance service n. 非维护服务 generate v. 引起，产生revenue n. 收入 converge v. 会聚，聚合trace v. 追溯，探索 exploit v. 利用；开发capacity n. 能力；容量 ou

6、tage n. (机器等)运行中断；(水电等的)中断供应 strategy n. 策略；战略evolution n. 发展，进化 align v. 使一致 distract v. 分散（某人的）注意力 mania n. 狂热，热衷browser n. 浏览器；浏览者 leverage v. 再分配（资源）alliance n. 同盟，联盟 innovate v. 革新，创新rigorous a. 严密的；精确的；严酷的 relic n. 遗物；遗迹,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,Text A Reading

7、,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,that不是连词，而是代词。including是现在分词引导的状语，后面的几个动名词都是做它的宾语。 encompass vt. include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as ones sphere or territory; The festival is to encompass everything from music, theatre and ballet to literature,

8、 cinema and the visual arts. The general arts course at the university encompasses a wide range of subjects.,What are “services”? In the IT world, that broad term has encompassed dozens of offerings and meanings, including consulting, custom programming, designing, building and installing complex in

9、formation systems, etc.,Text A Reading,IBM Global Services: Overview,Background,1 In 1991, IBM was a $64.8 billion company, of which less than $6 billion was from non- services. Ten short years later, the business of information technology (IT) services alone more than 40% percent of IBMs $86 billio

10、n in sales and had become the single largest source of in IBMs portfolio.,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,derive (from) vt. to get or obtain something from something else The institute derives all its money from foreign investments. She derives great pleasure/satisfaction

11、from playing the violin. be derived from Thousands of English words are derived from Latin.,derived,maintenance n. 1) activity involved in maintaining something in good working order Maintenance of PC is in my element. A maintenance manual gives diagrams and instructions for repairing your car. 2) m

12、eans of maintenance of a family or group He had to work hard for the maintenance of his family.,maintenance,generate vt. bring into existence It also allow you to log event and generate report on web activity. This hatred was generated by racial prejudice.,generated,revenue n. 1) the entire amount o

13、f income before any deductions are made Oil revenue have rise with the rise in the dollar. 2) government income due to taxation The governments revenue is made up chiefly of the money we pay in taxes.,revenue,Text A Reading,IBM Global Services: Overview,3 But most importantly, the success of IBM Glo

14、bal Services came from something very simple a clear understanding of customers needs. IBM saw that technology and business were experience in both areas to help its customers bring them together most effectively.,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,converge vi. be adjacent or

15、 come together The roads converge just before the station. 100,000 people are expected to converge on the town for the festival.,converging,2 How did that happen? It was partly the result of old-fashioned hard work and serious commitment: growing customer by customer; building disciplined management

16、 and financial systems; and investing to hire and train experts in everything from IT consulting to systems architecture and web services.,Text A Reading,IBM Global Services: Overview,4 The beginning of IBMs involvement in IT services can be back at least to 1989 when Eastman Kodak Company and IBM c

17、ompleted an agreement by which IBM designed, built and managed a new data center for Kodak in Rochester, N.Y.,Origins,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,trace vt. 1) to go back over again The family can trace its history to the 17th century. trace (back) to: Her fear of water

18、 can be traced back to a childhood accident. He traces his descent back to an old Norman family. 2) to discover the cause or origin of something by examining the way in which it has developed The outbreak of food poisoning was traced to some contaminated shellfish. The practice of giving eggs at Eas

19、ter can be traced back to festivals in ancient China.,traced,state of the art a. very modern and using the most recent ideas and methods a state of the art computer The control panel uses all the newest technology and is considered state of the art.,state-of-the-art,Text A Reading,IBM Global Service

20、s: Overview,That experience which was beneficial for both companies encouraged IBM to provide additional services by the excess in its own data centers.,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,exploit vt. 1) to use something for advantage We need to make sure that we exploit our r

21、esources as fully as possible. People should read the related regulations before they exploit natural resources. 2) to use someone or something unfairly for your own advantage Laws exist to stop companies exploiting their employees.,exploiting,capacity n. 1) ability to perform or produce I do not be

22、lieve in equality of capacity, but I do believe in equality of opportunity. 2) the amount that can be contained The game was watched by a capacity crowd/audience of 50,000 (= the place was completely full). capacity to do It seems to be beyond his capacity to (= He seems to be unable to) follow simp

23、le instructions. Do you think its within his capacity to (= Do you think hell be able to) do the job without making a mess of it?,capacity,Text A Reading,IBM Global Services: Overview,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,an offering是同位语，解释说明前面的Business Recovery Services; that 引

24、导定语从句修饰offering。 in the event of: in case of We have an auxiliary generator in the event of power cuts. The doctor asked us to call him during the night except in the event of necessity. outage n. 1) a temporary suspension of operation (as of computers) CNNs Sara Sidner reports on an Internet outage

25、 that slowed Indias online traffic to a virtual halt. 2) a period when a service, such as electricity, is not available The radio news reported power outages affecting 50 homes. Storms caused power cuts in hundreds of homes last night.,5 Also in 1989, IBM introduced Business Recovery Services, an of

26、fering that enables a business to continue operations in the event of an unplanned outage or disaster.,Text A Reading,IBM Global Services: Overview,6 In the spring of 1991, IBMs Corporate Management Board approved a new worldwide services . Its goal: To make IBM “a world-class services company” by 1

27、994.,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,strategy n. 1) an elaborate and systematic plan of action Intel has been hatching a seemingly costly but wise strategy: offering free computers and training before engaging in marketing and sales. The government adopted a strategy of ma

28、ssive deflation. 2) the branch of military science dealing with military command and the planning and conduct of a war Odierno cautioned that any change of Iraq strategy should be done in a careful and slow fashion.,strategy,Lessons Learned,7 In building its services business over the past 10 years,

29、 IBM has learned at least six lessons which might be applicable to other businesses.,Text A Reading,IBM Global Services: Overview,8 First, commit to business and cultural change . IBMs successful services was not initially obvious to observers. Even though the services-only business (excluding maint

30、enance) was unprofitable until 1994, IBM stayed the course, and that business has grown accordingly.,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,for a long term,for the long run,evolution n. 1) a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage The evolution of the in

31、ternet and its exponential growth in recent years has resulted in gradual shift from desktop to distributed applications. I would like to speak to you about Chinas development strategy and its future against the backdrop of the evolution of the Chinese civilization and Chinas current development end

32、eavor. synonym: development, evolutionantonym: degeneration, devolution 2) (biology) the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms Huxley was an exponent of Darwins theory of evolution.,evolution,Text A Reading,IBM Global Services: Overv

33、iew,9 Second, invest in people and the processes to support them. In the services business, people are the brand.,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,much of it done via distance learning 是独立主格结构做状语起补充说明作用，done via distance learning 是过去分词短语做定语修饰it。,For that reason, IBM invests

34、 over $1 billion a year in education and training for its employees, much of it done via distance learning.,Text A Reading,IBM Global Services: Overview,10 Third, your resources closely to customers demands. 11 Fourth, adhere to your core strengths and remain focused on strategy. IBM did not get by

35、the dot-com . The company believed e-business was not about but was really about business; not about clicks but about commerce.,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,align vi. bring (components or parts) into proper or desirable coordination correlation align with/to Second, Chi

36、nabased schools will align with practical priorities, rather than focusing on the academic discussions found elsewhere in the world. The strategy reflects the evolving role of corporate philanthropy, as many US companies attempt to align their charity with their business interests.,align,distract vt

37、. disturb in mind or make uneasy or cause to be worried or alarmed It was all a ploy to distract attention from his real aims. Continued hostilities will have very negative consequences for the deployment of UNAMID and will distract the mission from implementing its mandate.,distracted,mania n. a ve

38、ry strong interest in something which fills a persons mind or uses up all their time So why your sudden mania for exercise? The article describes the religious mania which is sweeping the US. mania suffix Beatle, mania swept Britain in the 1960s.,mania,browser n. a program used to view HTML document

39、s Your search criteria matched no articles. To re-phrase your existing search criteria, press the “Back” button on your browser, or you can enter a new search. The award, winning Web browser from Mozilla is now faster, even more secure, and totally customizable to your online life.,browsers,Text A R

40、eading,IBM Global Services: Overview,IBMs business play was based on that belief and when the market eventually shifted to that direction, IBM was ready and positioned to deliver mission-critical services solutions.,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,12 Fifth, build and multi

41、ple value chains. In todays global business environment, and “co-opetition” are common practice because no one company can do it all.,leverage vt. spread or use resources (money, skills, buildings, etc that an organization has available), ideas, etc again in several different ways or in different pa

42、rts of a company, system, etc Reusable software is leveraged across many applications. You can leverage our marketing and distribution channels to make your game known worldwide (not to mention bringing you new revenue streams!).,leverage,alliance n. 1) the state of being allied or confederated They

43、 teamed together in a defensive alliance. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson brought together a new private alliance called HOPE NOW. 2) an organization of people (or countries) involved in a pact or treaty The alliance had been forged in the crucible of war. Under the strategic military alliance, the

44、 two countries will join forces to alleviate tensions on the Korean Peninsula and promote peace in Northeast Asia.,alliances,Text A Reading,IBM Global Services: Overview,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,13 Sixth, adapt, anticipate and be quick to . IBM now regenerates its s

45、ervices portfolio Annual strategic plans are a of the past.,by identifying .,and by recognizing., and combining the two都是derived的方式状语。that引导定语从句修饰the role。what 引导的从句做recognizing的宾语。,Competitive advantage can be derived by identifying the role that best suits your company and by recognizing what some

46、one else can do much better or much quicker and combining the two.,relic n. 1) an object, tradition or system from the past which continues to exist The countrys employment system is a relic of the 1960s when jobs were scarce. Corporal punishment was a relic of Barbarism. 2) an antiquity that has su

47、rvived from the distant past The relic, when exposed to air, turned to dust. This ruined bridge is a relic of the Civil War.,relic,innovate vi. to introduce changes and new ideas: The fashion industry is always desperate to innovate. The report claims the lack of firstclass scientists and research p

48、ioneers represents the biggest obstacle to Chinas ability to innovate.,innovate,on a/the .basis: the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained We can do the Business on 60 days D/P Basis. On the basis of our sales forecasts, we may begin to make a

49、profit next year. Payments can be evened out on a monthly basis over the year.,on a rigorous and regular basis.,Text A Translation,背景 1 1991年时,IBM是家拥有648亿资产的公司,其中非维护服务收入还不足60亿但短短的10年后,仅仅是IT服务收入一项就超过IBM公司860亿总销售额的40%,一跃成为IBM公司的最大收入单项 2 原因何在?一部分是因为该公司一贯的勤劳而严谨的工作作风:通过客户开发客户;创建规范的管理及财务制度;重资聘用并培养IT顾问及系统体

50、系结构和网络服务等各方面的专家 3 IBM全球服务成功的更重要的因素其实很简单,就是明确地了解客户的需求之所在IBM认为技术与商业的经验合在一起有助于更有效地与客户融为一体,IBM全球服务:概览,Text A Translation,兴起 4 IBM公司初涉IT服务业可追溯到1989年当时伊斯曼柯达公司与IBM公司完成了协议:IBM为柯达公司在纽约州的罗切斯特市的分公司设计创建并管理一个崭新的最先进的数据中心这次使双方皆获益的合作经历更增强了IBM以开发扩充自己数据库容量来提供额外服务的信心 5 另外,1989年时,IBM引进了商务恢复服务系统这个系统能确保企业遇到机器突然中断或其他意外情况之

51、时还可继续操作运行,IBM全球服务:概览,Text A Translation,6 1991年春,IBM的集团管理董事会批准了全球服务策略其目标是:在1994年IBM将成为“世界一流的服务性企业” 经验 7 IBM在创建其服务行业的10年里,学到了可以应用到其他企业的至少六条经验 8 首先,要做好长期进行企业及文化变革的准备IBM成功的发展历程最初并不为专家看好虽然其服务部门(不包括维护)直到1994年才开始盈利,但IBM公司仍然坚持着,直到后来逐渐发展起来 9 第二,在人力资源及其培养过程方面加大投资力度服务业中“人”为品牌因此每年投资10多个亿来教育培训其员工多数培训是通过远程学习来完成的

52、,IBM全球服务:概览,Text A Translation,10 第三,资源要满足顾客需求 11 第四,把握核心优势并着重策略的制定和实施IBM没有受到狂热投资网站的干扰该公司认为电子商务不仅仅是使用浏览器,而是企业行为;也不是点击鼠标那么简单,而是商业活动IBM的企业运作就立足于此信念当市场最终朝此转向时,IBM已经做好了充足的准备并将其服务导向定位为研制解决问题的方法 12 第五,创建有影响力的多种价值链当今的世界企业环境中,联盟与“合作竞争”是常用手段,因为任何一家公司都无法独自在竞争中获胜先了解最适合本公司的目标及作用,再挑选另一家能更快更好达到此目标的公司,然后将两家公司合并就能在

53、竞争中获得优势 13 第六,采用参与并及时创新 IBM现在还在设法不断严格定期地将其服务进行更新 每年的策略性计划即是历史的遗迹和见证,IBM全球服务:概览,Text A Comprehension,Choose the best answer for each question according to the passage.,1. Which of the following is NOT a cause that made IT services the largest source of revenue in IBM? A. Meeting the customers needs.

54、B. Growing customer by customer. C. Building financial systems. D. Only hiring experts in IT consulting. 2. What was the benefit that Eastman Kodak Company got from the agreement with IBM? A. Involvement in IT services. B. Additional services. C. A new sophisticated data center. D. Excess capacity i

55、n its own data centers.,1,2,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,Text A Comprehension,3. Which of the following statements is true about the IT services business of IBM? A. It was successful from the beginning. B. It started to make profit since 1994. C. Its evolution was initi

56、ally obvious. D. Its services-only business includes maintenance services. 4. How does IBM carry out education and training for its staff? A. By arranging seminars and courses. B. By giving lectures from managers. C. By supporting them to go to colleges. D. By distance teaching and learning.,3,4,Lea

57、d-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Practical Writing,Text A Comprehension,5. It can be concluded from the fourth lesson that _. A. the company should stick to its core strategy B. e-business is simply the building of a website C. IBM eventually shifted the market to the direction of playing games

58、 D. IBM was prepared to stay in the problem-solving services business 6. How can a company achieve its competitive advantage? A. Build multiple chain stores to increase sales. B. Combine its own advantages with the strengths learned from others. C. Find the location with the best business environment. D. Identify the competitors and try to compete with them.,5,6,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Real Life Practice,Pract