外研高一必修4Module1

1、Module 1 Life in the Future,知识清单,(一)基本单词,1. _ n砖 2. _ n混凝土 3. _ n泥 4. _ adj替换的；供选择的 5. _ n(常作复数)资源 6. _ n. 材料,brick,concrete,mud,alternative,resource,material,7. _ adj太阳的 8. _ adj都市的；城市的 9. _ vt. 装；装载 10. _ n垃圾填埋地 11. _ vt. 逮捕；拘留 12. _ vt开火；启动 13. _ n(常作复数)范围 14. _ adv. 户外,solar,urban,load,landfill,

2、arrest,fire,limit,outdoors,15. _ adv联机地 16. _ n目录 17. _ n. 命令；指令 18. _ n娱乐；消遣 19. _ n. 保龄球游戏 20. _ n垒球(运动) 21. _ n费用；价钱 22. _ n. 轻打；轻弹,online,catalogue,command,recreation,bowling,softball,charge,flick,23. _ n开关 vi. 交换；调换 24. _ n外科手术 25. _ n. 远距离手术 26. _ n门诊病人 27. _ n. 诊所 28. _ n宇航基地 29. _ adj. 乐观的；乐

3、观主义的 30. _ n. 洗碗碟机,switch,surgery,telesurgery,outpatient,clinic,spaceport,optimistic,dishwasher,31. _ adv最后；终于 32. _ n殖民地 33. _ vt. 造成形状 34. _ n(动物的)脚 35. _ n. 门前擦鞋垫,eventually,colony,shape,pad,doormat,36. _ n罪犯；犯人 _ n罪；罪行 37. _ adj.危险的；冒险的 _ n. & v危险；冒险 38. _ vi.依赖；依靠 _ adj.可信赖的；可依靠的 39. _ vt. & n供

4、给动力；力 _ adj.强有力的；权力强大的,(二) 派生单词,criminal,crime,risky,risk,rely,reliable,power,powerful,40. _ n失去能力；伤残 _ v使伤残 _ adj.残疾的；有残疾的 41. _ vt.系；贴；连接 _ n附件 42. _ adv.无疑地；确定地 _ adj.确定的 43. _vt. 预言；预料 _ n. 预言；预报,disability,disable,disabled,attach,attachment,definitely,definite,predict,prediction,1. _ 肯定地 2. _ 用

5、完，没有了 3. _ 依赖，依靠 4. _ 除掉，处理掉 5. _ 免费 6. _ 用完，用光 7. _ 小心，当心,三、短语,for sure,run out,rely on,get rid of,free of charge,use up,look out,8. _ 首先 9. _ 实施 10. _ 即将过时 11. _ 做预测 12. _ 照顾；喜欢 13. _ 装载 14. _使 . 与 . 相 关； 把 . 附加到 15. _对 . 感到乐观,for a start,carry out,on the way out,make a prediction,care for,load .

6、with .,attach . to,be optimistic about,1. alternative n(二者当中)选一个，供 选择的东西 adj. (二者当中)选其一的， 供选择的,核心要点,一、单词,【归纳】 have no alternative but to do. 除外别无选择 alternative ways 可供选择的两种方法 alternative energy 替代性能源 【拓展】 alternatively adv. 两者挑一地 alternate v 交替；轮流 alternate.and/with 使交替发生或出现；轮流安排,2. limit n(事物的)界限；限

7、度；极限 vt. 限定；限制 【归纳】 set a limit toput a limit on 限制；对加以限制 to the limit 达到极点 within limits 适度地，有限地 limit sth. to 限定；把限制在 limit sb. to (doing) sth. 限制某人做某事,【拓展】 limited adj. 有限的，受限制的 be limited to 局限于,3. command v. 命令 【归纳】 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command that sb. (should) do sth. 命令某人做某事(用虚拟语气

8、),command n. 命令，控制，管辖，指挥 【归纳】 at sb.s command 听候某人的吩咐 in command of sth. / take command of / have command of 控制； have a good / excellent / poor command of sth. 很好/完美/没掌握,4. charge vt. 控告；指控；要价，收费； 使充满 【归纳】 charge sb. for (doing) sth. 收取某人（做）的费用 charge sb. with sth. 指控某人犯罪,charge n看管；费用；控告；掌管 【归纳】 fr

9、ee of charge 免费 take charge of 负责管理/照顾 in charge of 负责，主管 in the charge of 由管,助记,charge与accuse都有“控告；谴责”的意思。 (1)charge指“因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行正式法律控诉”。 (2)accuse指“当面指控或指责，不一定诉诸法庭”。 e.g. They accused him of taking bribes. 他们指控他受贿。,charge与accuse,5. switch vi. 交换；调换 【归纳】 switch on 打开 switch off 关上 switch over 换台

10、,6. attach vt.附上，系，贴；连接，参加； 使附属，使隶属；把归于 vi.附着，附属；相连，相伴； 系，贴 attach通常与介词to搭配使用，意为“把固定/附（在上）” 【归纳】 attach sth. to sth.；也可意为“重视，认为有（重要性、意义、价值等）”，后常跟importance, significance, value等词,【归纳】 attach oneself to sb. / sth. 依附某人/参加某事 【拓展】 attached adj. (作表语)依恋的；附属于 attachment n附件，附属物 be attached to 依恋，附属于,助记,7

11、. shape vt. 做成某物的形状；定形；(使) 成形；对有重大影响； 进展；使(衣服)合身 n形状；外形；样子；身段 【归纳】 in shape 在形状上；身体状况良好 be in bad shape 情况处于混乱状态；健康情况不佳,in the shape/form of 以的形式；某种形状的 out of shape 状况不佳；变形；走样 o. 做成(某事)；塑造成(某形状) shape.from. 用材料使成型,1. rely on 依赖，依靠；信任，信赖 【拓展】 rely on/upondepend on 依赖，信任 rely on/upon sb./ sth

12、.to do. 相信(依赖)某人(某物)去做 rely on sth./sb. (for.) (为生活或生存)依赖某物/某人,二、短语,rely on ones own effort 依靠某人自己的努力 rely on it that. 指望,2. run out (指供应品)用完，耗尽；不多 了，没有 注意： run out，give out是不及物动词短语，后面不能跟宾语；run out of，use up是及物动词短语，其后可以跟宾语。,【归纳】 run out of 用完；耗尽 use up 用完；耗尽(有被动语态),give out 通常由物作主语（如：食物储 备、耐心、钱、燃料等）

13、，其后 不跟宾语，无被动语态 【拓展】 run across 偶然遇见某人或发现某物 run after 追赶，追逐 run away from 突然离开；从逃 走，极力回避，逃避 run into 偶然遇见某人；(旅行中)遇到(坏 天气)；遭遇(困难、问题等),3. get rid of 摆脱某人，除掉某物 【拓展】 get across 传播，为人理解；讲清楚 get about 走动；(消息等)传开 get in 进入；插话 get into 卷入，陷入 get over 从(疾病、失望等中)恢复过 来；克服(困难)，解决(问题等) get together 相聚，聚集,4. look

14、out 小心，当心(常用于祈使句， 表示警示或提醒等) 【拓展】 look out for sb./sth. 警惕或留心某人/某物 look ahead 向前看 look back on/to sth. 回忆，回顾 look down on/upon 轻视，看不起 look in on sb./at sth. 顺便拜访,look into 调查 look on 旁观，观看某事物 look through 浏览，核查 look on/upon.as. 把当成 look up 仰视，查阅 look up to sb. 赞赏或尊敬某人,1. Distance surgery will become

15、common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic. 医生在几千英里以外为病人动手术的远程治疗成为常事，因为每个城市都有自己的远程诊所。,三、句式,with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic 是一个独立结构，其形式为with+名词/代词+现在分词短语。,2. Im too busy enjoying my life

16、now to worry about the future! 我现在忙于享受生活没时间为未来担忧！ 1) 一般来说，too.to do结构表示否定的意思，意为“太而不能”。,2)当too后面是kind，ready，willing，eager，anxious，satisfied，happy，glad等表示态度、心情的形容词时，该结构不表示结果，也无否定意义，too在此时的意义相当于very。 e.g. Its too good an opportunity to miss. 这真是一个很好的机会，不能错过。 He is too willing to follow others advice. 他

17、极愿意接受别人的意见。,3)当too前面有否定词never，only或后面有not时，其语法结构发生变化，意思表示强烈的肯定。 4)如果将not放在不定式前面，动词不定式则由先前的否定概念转为否定之否定概念，即肯定的意思“太不能不”。 e.g. Its not too late to do your homework now. 现在做作业还不太晚,3. Not all predictions come true. 不是所有的预言都能变为现实。 not allall not为部分否定，表示“并非所有的都”。 e.g. Not everybody likes the same dish. Ever

18、ybody doesnt like the same dish. 不是每个人都有同样的品味。,部分否定与全部否定的惯用语对照如下：,翻译句子 1) 并非所有的鸟儿都会飞。 Not all birds can fly./All birds cant fly. 2) 并非每一本书都让我感兴趣。 Not every book interests me./Every book does not interest me.,巩固练习,I. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and _ (eventual) w

19、ork for The Times. 2. Police have described the man as a violent and dangerous _ (crime).,eventually,criminal,3. The date of the move has not been _ (definite) decided yet. 4. Mary is deaf, but refuses to let her _ (disable) prevent her from doing what she wants to do. 5. I wouldnt do it if I were y

20、ou, its too _ (risk).,definitely,disability,risky,II. 根据句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提 示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。 1. Bob was a_ when customs officers found drugs in his bag. 2. Please make sure that you s_ off all the lights when you leave the office. 3. What m_ is this dress made of? Cotton.,arrested,switch,material,4. A lac

21、k of formal education will l_ your job opportunities. 5. An additional c_ of 15% will be added to your bill for service. 6. Is your country rich in natural _ (资源)? 7. The local government is _ (乐观的) about the future of its tourism. 8. How long will it take to _ (装载) this sand onto the truck?,limit,c

22、harge,resources,optimistic,load,III. 选用合适的短语，并用其适当形式填 空。 look out for, free of charge, use up, get rid of, on the way out 1. You dont have to pay for it. In other words, your order will be sent _. 2. Our headmaster said that we should _ the bad habits and keep the good,free of charge,get rid of,look

23、 out for, free of charge, use up, get rid of, on the way out 3. We should _ everything in the fridge before we go on vacation. 4. This style of skirt Lily wears is _. So I hope she will choose different ones in future. 5. You should _ cars when you cross the street, especially in the rush hour.,use

24、up,on the way out,look out for,1. You may as well go outing all by yourself；_I may keep you company. Adifferently Balternatively Caccordingly Dautomatically,IV. 单项填空,B,2. There was not much time left，so the speaker was asked to _ his speech to ten minutes. A. make B. limit C. do D. give 3. She was complain