牛津上海版英语九上Chapter4TheAfricanghostfish

1、chapter 4 african ghost fish一. 教学内容：chapter 4 african ghost fishperiod 2（一）语法知识（二）实际运用（三）写作二. 知识总结与归纳（一）语法知识 adverbs with verbs 副词修饰动词some adverbs tell us how people do things. we usually make these adverbs by adding ly to adjectives. 副词也可用来修饰形容词。e.g: 1）happy day travelled widely. verb: travelledadv

2、erb: widelyhappy day广泛旅游。2）his face is very red. 他的脸很红。 1、副词的位置： 1） 在动词之前2） 在be动词、助动词之后。3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。注意： 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。we could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. 我们能非常清楚地看见我们前方的灯光。 方式副词well，badly（糟、坏）hard等只放在句尾。he speaks english well. 他英语说得很好。2、副词的排列顺序：1） 时间，

3、地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位的在后。i will see him at nine a.m. on monday.you can see a cake on the table in the room.2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接please write slowly and carefully. 请写慢点和仔细点。3） 多个不同副词排列程度+地点+方式+时间副词。注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 e.g.: (错)i very like english.(对)i like english very much. 我非常喜欢英语。注意：副词

4、enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可 i dont know him well enough. 我不太了解他。there is enough food for everyone to eat. 有足够的食物够每个人吃的 there is food enough for everyone to eat. 有足够的食物够每个人吃。 3. 如何从形容词变为副词1).一般情况下直接加“ly”quick-quickly 2).以“y”结尾的,先将“y”改成“i”,再加“ly”happy-happily 3). 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-lytrue-truly等。

5、 但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-lypolite-politely, wide-widelym另： 1、在形容词词尾直接加-lyreal-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; hopeful-hopefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly 2、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-lybusy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily 3、某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉 e,然后再加-y或-lyterri

6、ble-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently 另外,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来,如:loud (adj.)-aloud (adv.) 此外,部分名词加后缀也可变成副词,如:part-partly。 e.g.:it is partly her fault. 有部分是她的错。 注意: friendly; motherly; lovely等词是形容词而非副词。转化副词在英语中,有些词既可以作形容词,又可以作副词e.g.:early, much, fast, little, wide, loud等需在特定语境中判断它们各自的词性thank you very mu

7、ch. (adv.) 多谢。there is much water in the river. (adj.) 河里有很多水。the music is too loud. please turn it down. (adj.) 音乐声太大,请调低点。 he speaks loud enough. so everyone in the room can hear what he said. (adv.) 他说话的声音很大,所以房间里每个人都能听到他的话。 另外,还有一类副词和形容词词义相同,但拼写却不同e.g.: well和goodhe speaks good english. 他讲一口流利的英语

8、。he speaks english well. 他英语讲得不错。 以y结尾的多音节词将y改为i后再加ly：easy-easily happy-happily heavy-heavily 以y结尾的单音节词 直接加ly shy-shyly 以ue结尾的词 去e加lytrue-truly 以le结尾的词 去e加y gentle-gently possible-possibly 其他以e结尾的词 一律加ly nice-nicely wise-wisely polite-politely 以ll结尾的词 只加y full-fully 以ic结尾的词 加ally automatic-automatic

9、ally 其他形容词 均加ly careful-carefully glad-gladly（二）实际运用complaining and responding to complaints.投诉和对投诉的回应。ellen goes to the supermarket to complain to hiraga, the manager.ellen: excuse me. i want to complain about these peppers.hiraga:whats the problem?ellen: when i took off the plastic, i found that t

10、wo of them were rotten. look!hiraga: oh, im very sorry about that. ill take care of it right away. can you show me your receipt?ellen: yes, here it is.hiraga: thanks. now if youll just wait, ill be back in a moment.questions: 1. what are the seven words that ellen uses to make her complaint?2. what

11、are the six words that hiraga uses in his apology?other ways of complaining:how do you express your complaint about a certain goods or service? the camera doesnt work properly. its not focusing at all。 the washing-machine keeps breaking down. the dvd player works for only three days and stops readin

12、g any discs thereafter. i hate to complain, but i cant bear any more. i want to complaint about the cd-player i bought last week from your store. it works only when i shake it violently. i have had enough of that. id like to have a refund. i have been here for the broken recorder the second time. id

13、 like to know what youre going to do about it. i agree to repair it. but i dont want to wait for more than a week. i want to have a refund. i dont believe the quality of this product any more since i have had two replacements. i dont want to push it further if you agree to replace it. the food quali

14、ty is so poor that i can hardly have anything. the sheet is dirty and the bathroom hasnt been cleaned for 3 days. we were surprised to receive such bad services from a company weve done business with in the past. this is a time-sensitive document. theres no point in delivering it three hours lateoth

15、er ways of responding to complaints: bring your receipt to the customer service please, and they will refund you. i am sorry, sir. i cant solve your problem. i think you have to talk with the manager. i am sorry you have had problems with the camera. will you show me the invoice please? i am sorry,

16、sir. perhaps i could connect you to our complaints department if you wish to take it further. its past the warranty period. but youve been a regular customer, and wed like to look after this problem for you. its past the warranty period. im sorry i can not replace it. let me connect you to the repai

17、ring service. ill give you a replacement. dont worry, sir. i will have a check. i think this is the result of a breakdown in communication. i am sure such a thing wont happen again. i am here to make sure it wont happen again. obviously we want to keep our clients happy, and unfortunately weve falle

18、n short this time. （三）写作talk about your favourite shop.read martins article on page 62. then think about the shop you like to visit. talk about where the shop is, what it sells, why you like it and what you have bought there.paragraph oneparagraph twoparagraph threethe shop items on salestaff locati

19、on prices opening hoursmy best buy【典型例题】please say something about your favourite shop. paragraph oneparagraph twoparagraph threethe shop items on salestaff location prices opening hoursmy best buy参考答案：my favourite shopmy favourite shop is called hotwind. it is located on the third floor of ganghui shop