学生英语学习常见错误

1、学生英语学习常见错误12习惯用语误 - What can I do for you?- Yes， please help me 正 - What can I do for you?- Id like to buy a sweater 析 What can I do for you? 这一问语实际上用于的情景很多，要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为：您想要点什么?在其他场合也可以被译为：我能为您做些什么?它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。误 - Which colour do you like?- Sorry， I dont like 正 - Which colour do

2、 you like?- I prefer blue 析 由 which 来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择，而不能泛指，泛泛的回答。如 Yes， I like it误 Do you like to come with us tonight? 正 Would you like to come with us tonight? 析 Do you like 问的是对方的习惯，如： Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而 would you like 则是一次性的邀请、提议。邀请的英语表达法还有如下几种：Shall we go? 我们走

3、吧!Lets go? 让我们走吧!How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶如何?What about a cup of coffee 喝杯咖啡如何?Why not buy it? 为什么不买呢?其肯定答语一般为Certainly， Yes， OAll right， With pleasure误 Sorry， Ive kept you waitingNot at all 正 Sorry， Ive kept you waitingNever mind 析 介意不介意这一问法与答语在中英文中有所不同。如：- Do you mind my smoking here?- Ye

4、s， do it pleaseNo， of course notYes， take it pleaseNo， you cant take it这时正确的选择应是B。其意为：不介意，当然不。而A选项则自相矛盾了，它应译为：是的我介意，请抽吧。而D选项是：不介意，你不能抽。当向对方争求意见时，可以有以下问法：Do you mind if I open the door?Would you mind mailing the letter for me其答语如果是同意应为： Certainly not， not at all而不同意时应为 Yes， 或 Im sorry误 Whats that man

5、?He is Mike 正 Whats that man?He is a teacher 正 Whos that man?He is Mike (He is Mikes father) 析 由 what 提问是问的职业，由 who 提问问的是姓名或身份。误 - How much are they?- Half a kilo， please 正 - How many bananas do you want?- Half a kilo Please 析 How much are they? 问的是价格而不是实际物品的多少。误 Im sorry， but is this the way to the

6、 park? 正 Excuse me， but is this the way to the park? 析 Im sorry 是对已经做错了的事向对方道歉时的开始语。而 Excuse me 是在打扰对方之前表达歉意的话。误 - Have a good time tonight!- You are the same 正 - Have a good time tonight!- The same to you 析 The same to you 是表达我也祝您有个愉快的夜晚，它是美语中的习惯用法。误 - Whats the problem?- Ive got a headache 正 Whats

7、 wrong with you?Ive got a headache 析 Whats wrong with you? 是询问对方身体状态如何，而 Whats the problem?是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。误 - Now， Im back Can I play?- Perhaps Youd better do your homework first 正 - Now， Im back Can I play?- Im afraid not Youd better do your homework first 析 Perhaps 是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论，如： Am I right? Perh

8、aps而 Im afraid not 则表达一种不同意的态度。 be afraid 的几种用法有：Im afraid that you are right其后直接加宾语从句。- Will you come to my birthday party?- Im afraid not I have to go to see my father He is in hospital其后not，表示否定。- Sorry， I dont want to go there alone， Im afraid of the dog其后名词，表示对某人，某物的害怕。Mary is afraid of making

9、mistakes in the exam其后 of 动名词，表示害怕做某事。Mary is afraid to see the teacher because she didnt do well in the exam其后 不定式，表示不敢去做某事。误 - How soon will you be ready?- Two days 正 - How soon will you be ready?- In two days 析此题关键是要根据情景，身临其境，要注意的是对方问了什么，就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。 How soon 问的是还有多久才能作完，这时要用 in two days，即在两

10、小时之内即可以作完。如用 How long 提问，则答语可以用 two days。误 - Would you mind if I have some time off?- I dont mind- Monday and Tuesday of next week 正 - Would you mind if I have some time off?- When exactly- Monday and Tuesday of next week 析有的对话是复杂的，稍有不慎就有可能选错，而且英语中如选错了答案是不容易找出错来的。 I dont mind 是可以用来回答 Would you mind这

11、一提问的，但如仔细看一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用 when exactly? 什么时间，这样才能与下句中具体的时间相符合。误 Suppose your name is Tom The phone rings and you pick it up The first word you say will probably be Who are you? 正 Suppose your name is Tom The phone rings and you pick it up The first word you say will probably be

12、 Hello? This is Tom speaking? 析在英语学习中，习惯用法实际上在某种情况，或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。如果只从句子的角度上去分析，它们可能都是对的。比如，当你拿起电话时，如果你想知道对方是谁，可以问Whos that(speaking)?但不要讲Who are you?如果你想先介绍一下自己可以讲This is speaking而不要讲Im也不要讲My name is 就语法而论，Who are you? Im My name is 并不错，也是英语中可用的句子，但就打电话这一场合，就不宜用了。误 - Do you think its going to rain

13、over the weekend?- I dont hope so 正 - Do you think its going to rain over the weekend?- I hope not 析由于初学者对实际英语口语中表达感情意愿的答语不熟悉，如在肯定答语中 I think so I hope so I believe so 是相同的，但在否定句中却常用 I dont think so 但I dont believe so 和 I dont hope so 则意为：我不信此事和我不希望此事发生。而 I believe not 和 I hope not 则为：我想可能不会发生吧!误 -

14、Is anybody there?- No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave 正 - Is everybody there?- No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave 析许多学生在写作和选择答语或问句时总要语法在前，而不是习惯用语在先。所以总是要拘泥疑问句中的不定代词，用 anybody。 但是Is anybody there? 在英语中为：这里有人吗?而Is everybody there?为：全都到齐了吗?所以首先要考虑的是其答语。 No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave误 - Your

15、handwriting is very good!- No， my handwriting is very poor 正 - Your handwriting is very good!- Thank you 析中国人遇到别人称赞，总是以谦逊为美德。但英美人则往往认为自信是美德。所以当别人夸奖你或赞美你时，就应说： Thank you 又比如中国人见面时常讲 Where are you going? 或 Have you had your breakfast yet?而英美人则认为你过多的干预别人的私生活了。而他们见面时往往问一些无关紧要的话，如： Hello! How are you goi

16、ng? (你过得怎样) Morning! 等。而 good morning 和 How do you do 则被认为是较正规的问候语，在日常生活中则十分少见。误 When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave you may say： Excuse me Ill go first 正 When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave you may say： Excuse me I have to go 析这两句答语都是正确的

17、，其关键不是语法，而是习惯问题。如果在这样的场合你讲 Ill go first 朋友们会迷惑不解，而 I have to go 则表示由于外界的特殊原因而造成的你要离去，而你本人则十分不愿做此事。误 - Would you like to come to dinner tonight?- Id like to， and Im too busy 正 - Would you like to come to dinner tonight?- Id like to， but Im too busy 析 Im too busy 与 Id like to 在意义上正好相反。所以要用转折连词。这里考查了对词义合乎逻辑的表达能力。所以要强调语言环境，更要强调在语言的基础上的词语辨析。误 - Wheres Deter?- Deter will come with us tonight but he isnt very sure yet 正 - Wheres Deter?- Determay come with us tonight but he isnt very sure yet 析 由于 but 所引出的句子可以看出 Deter 的来与不来是十分不确定的，所以应用 may 来表达一个不肯定的事