(11.3)-unit-14-Irih-Culture-爱尔兰共和国文化.ppt

1、Unit 14 Irish culture: language, literature and arts,Language,Peasant class (mid 19th century) emigration during the Great Famine 1845-48) revive the use of the language ( late 19th century) The national language (1922) Competence in Irish: enter the universities, civil services, diplomatic core, te

2、aching profession,Language,.,The issue of language, like much else in Ireland,is heavily politicized.Traditionally,the Irish people spoke their own language,called Irish or Gaelic.It is a very ancient(and difficult)language with a rich oral culture The death blow to the Irish language was the Great

3、Famine of 1845-1848,in which almost two million Irish people emigrated or died. The first Irish national state was set up(the Free State of 1922),a concerted,official attempt was made to make Irish once again the national language. The language that is spoken universally in the Republic of Ireland i

4、s a version of standard English known as Hiberno-English.,Language,This idiom is distinguished from the kind of English spoken in the British Isles by a certain vocabulary certain semantic idiosyncrasies the variety and difficulty of the regional accents,from Cork to Donegal,Oral culture口头文化 fiddle

5、Long narrative songs- political commentary on actual events,Music and Dance,1.The oldest form of music is that embodied by the sean nos or old style of singing. Traditionally, sean nos is sung by the unaccompanied voice. The words are always in Irish,the last line is spoken, not sung. 2.The same is

6、true of the pipe music. The Irish pipe is distinctive, the Irish pipes are played by holding the airbag under the arm amd pumping it with the elbow. 3. Dancing is traditionally part of Irish culture.,Visual culture,Arts of the ear, not of the eye Bronze age - intricate metalwork Early Christian era

7、- book illustration Norman architecture and Georgian houses,Visual Culture,In the folk culture, the visual harmony of its architecture, its clothing, and its folk arts such as rush weaving, are readily evident. After the Viking raids of the 8th century, the glories of Irish art declined until, follo

8、wing the Norman invasion of Ireland ,its visual art was usually limited to the imported by the new settlers.,Sports culture,1878 Soccer - 1990 first appeared in the World Cup Rugby football - Triple Crown match - England, Scotland and Wales Hurling - banned twice by English rulers Horse racing - soc

9、iable; elegant animals; placing a bet,Sports Culture,1.The performance culture which elicits the most passionate response in the Irish people is sports. Soccer or football has a large social importance in Ireland. The Irish team made its first appearance in the world cup finals in Italy in 1990. 2.R

10、ugby football is very popular. Every year the Irish rugby team competes in the Six Nations Cup and every four years they are free to compete in the Rugby World Cup. 3.The game that is most natively Irish is called hurling. The oldest date for its origin is 1272 BC. 4.The newest and most fashionable

11、ball game in Ireland is golf. Other widely popular sports are sailing, tennis, and running.,Sport in Ireland.,Ireland has a rich sporting culture. Ireland has two national sports native to Ireland. Hurling. Gaelic football. Croke Park in Dublin is where all major sporting events are currently played

12、. It is the 4th largest stadium in Europe.,Football,Football is very popular in Ireland. Because football is much bigger in England, most of Irelands best players play for English clubs such as Manchester United or Liverpool. They return to Ireland only to play international matches for Ireland.,Roy

13、 Keane,Roy Keane is probably Irelands most famous player. He was the team captain for both Manchester United and Ireland for many years.,Gaelic Football,Gaelic Football is different from normal football because players can use their hands. There are 15 players on each team. The playing field is much

14、 larger than a soccer field.,Rugby and football,Rugby and football are not Irish sports but are both very popular. Rugby is a very physical sport played with an oval ball. There is a very strong rugby tradition in Ireland.,Brian O Driscoll is one of Irelands best Rugby players,Hurling,Hurling is a g

15、ame played by two teams of 15 players each. Each player has a wooden stick. Players hit a small hard leather ball and try to score in the opponents goal. It is the fastest field sport in the world and a very exciting sport to watch.,Science and Technology,A rich tradition Irish institutions: Dublin

16、Society( the Royal Dublin Society) ; Royal Irish Academy,Science and Technology,As the historical record shows,Ireland has a rich tradition of scientific enquiry and technological invention. In science and technology Ireland has been represented by such distinguished names as Robert Boyle(1627-1697)

17、 called the father of chemistry,freshmans respirator John Tyndall(1820-1893) fiber optic infra-red analyzer,Lord Kelvin(1824-1907) : transatlantic cables,William Rowan Hamilton(1805-1865): classical mechanics, optics and algebra,What Is Irish About Irish Culture,1.Ireland is also a very people-orieb

18、ted,which regards the family as central to its values.It is a very congenial society.The work culture is also very sociable,with little distinction being made between peoples public and private lives. 2.Ireland is still a nation that is in the process of making itself-and the first place a nation makes itself is in its own imagination.,What Is Irish About Irish Culture,3.The figure of Eamon de Valera(1882