g8鹦鹉岛2020年寒假英语课件g8l3 主谓一致

1、主谓一致专题命题考向语法一致原则1命题考向意义一致原则2就近原则3考向探究考向一语法一致原则语法一致 即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词就用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词就用复数形式。当and连接两个或多个名词，或both.and.连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和莉莉都是学生。考向探究不定代词either，neither，anybody，anyone，anything，someone，somebody，something，every

2、one，everybody，everything，nobody，no one，nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Is there anything wrong with your bike？你的自行车有什么毛病吗？Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都在为运动会做准备。考向探究由each，each.and each.，every.and every.，every.作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每一个男孩和每一个女孩都被给了一本新书。考向探

3、究主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，no lessthan，more than，including，besides，like，except，but等词或短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。如 ：Mr.Green with his wife and two daughters is coming to Beijing.格林先生将和他的妻子及两个女儿一块儿来北京。考向探究“a number of名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：A number of

4、 trees are cut down.许多树木被砍倒了。The number of students in our class is 32.我们班学生人数为32。考向探究“a lot of(lots of，plenty of，a pile of，piles of，most of) 名 词 ”和“分数或百分数名词”等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词，如果是不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。如：Lots of people have been there.很多人去过那儿。考向探究由cup,bottle,pair等计量单位名词修饰的名词充当主语时,

5、谓语动词用单数还是复数形式由计量单位名词的单复数形式决定。如：Fifteen pairs of shoes are made by him every day.他每天做十五双鞋子。考向探究由“a pair(a kind，a series.)of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs(kinds.)of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table.一副太阳镜放在桌子上。Fifteen pairs of shoes are made each day.每天能制作十五双鞋。考向探究某些只有复数形式的名词

6、(如clothes，trousers，shorts，pants，shoes，gloves.)作主语时，谓词动词用复数形式。如：My shoes were worn out.我的鞋子穿坏了。不定式、动名词或句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Reading is learning.读书就是学习。What he said is true. 他说的话是真的。A.考向探究【即学即练】(2018甘肃天水)The number of tourists over 33million this year.Yes. A large number of tourists so far because of th

7、e new look of our city.is, have comeC.are, has comeB.is, has comeD.are, have comeD.考向探究【即学即练】(2017四川眉山) How many doctors arethere in your hospital, David？ them over one hundred.A. woman; The number of: isB. women; A number of; areC. woman ; A number of; is women; The number of; is考向探究考向二意义一致原则意义一致又叫

8、概念一致，即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。由and连接的两个名词，如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词)， 则谓语动词用单数形式。如：The teacher and writer is coming to give us a report next week.那位老师兼作家下周要来给我们作报告。The singer and dancer has been invited to the party.那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀请参加了聚会。考向探究表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词及词组作主语时，一般被看做一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：Three years is a l

9、ong time.三年是一段很长的时间。“the+形容词”作主语。“the+形容词”作主语时如果指一类人,指抽象的概念其谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用复数形式,如果如 ：The old in our town are taken good care of.我们镇里的老人被照顾得非常好。考向探究集体名词(如family，team，crowd，company，class，group，government.)如果表示整体概念，则谓语动词用单数形式； 如果表示集体中的成员，则谓语动词用复数形式。如：My family is a small one with three people.我家是一个有三口人的小

10、家庭。考向探究people，police，cattle等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：The police are helping a girl find her mother.正在帮助一个女孩找妈妈。算式中，表示加法和乘法时谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形式，但表示减法和除法时谓语动词必须用单数形式。如：What is/are three times three？ 3乘以3是多少？A考向探究【即学即练】How much _ the pair of shoes?Twenty dollars enough.is；isBis；areCare；isDare；are考向探究考向三就近原则

11、有时谓语动词的形式与最靠近它的名词保持一致，这种原则叫做就近原则，又叫做邻近原则。 由 either.or. ， neither.nor. ， notonly.but(also) . ，not.but.或or连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与较近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。考向探究如：Not only my parents but also I am looking forward to meeting my uncle.不但我父母而且我也盼望看到我叔叔。Not only Jim but also his parents want to live in China.不仅吉姆而且他的父母也想居住在中国。He or you have taken my pen.他或你拿了我的钢笔。考向探究There be.和Here be.这两个句式中的be动词常与最近的主语在数上保持一致。如：There is an apple and two