译林牛津高一英语模块二unit1readingLanguage points.ppt

1、Unit 1,Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained,Language points,Boy missing, police puzzled. = A boy went missing, and the police were puzzled. missing和puzzled分别为现在分词和过去分词作表语。现在分词作表语和主语之间往往是主动关系，表示主语的性质；过去分词作表语和主语之间往往是被动关系，表主语所处的状态。,puzzled,1. puzzle vt. 使迷惑,使为难 n. 迷惑,困惑,难题,令人不解的事 puzzlement n. 迷惑 2.puzzling

2、 adj.(物)令人困惑不解的 3.puzzled adj.(人)困惑的;可做定语修饰人的voice, expression, look等(=confused),John seemed puzzled about what the question meant. Jack was puzzled that Nicholas didnt seem to recognize him.,1.be/seem puzzled about对感到困惑/无法理解 2.be puzzled that对感到不解,常作表语的现在分词和过去分词有：,interesting, exciting, surprising,

3、 shocking, astonishing, puzzling, worrying, frightening,interested, excited, surprised, shocked, astonished, puzzled, worried, frightened,2. Police in have stepped up their search for a fifteen-year-old boy who went missing e.g. He has to step up his training to prepare for the race.,step up,The hea

4、lth department is stepping up efforts to reduce teenager smoking. John didnt step up to his mother until the teacher had finished speaking to her.,走上前去,1.step up sth加紧,加强 2.step up to sb.走向某人,词语拓展：,step forward 走上前来，跨前一步 step back （由于吃惊）后退一步 step inside (in) 进屋里来 step into 进入里面 step by step 一步步地 out

5、 of step 合不上步子 take step (a step) 采取措施，走（一步）,go missing 失踪 此处go为系动词,后接形容词做表语, “变得，变成” go + adj. ( become + adj. ) 如： He went/became crazy when he found out that he had failed the exam. The heat has caused the milk to go sour.,incident,1. A strange incident happened in the city the other day. A UFO m

6、ade a visit.,C 发生的事情(不同寻常的,讨厌的),2. There was a shooting incident near here last night. 3.Border incidents often happen between the 2 countries.,C, U严重事件,暴力事件,C (国家间的)摩擦,冲突,3. This incident has received great interest due to reports of due to ( because of, caused by) 由于， 因而造成 如： His disappearance was

7、 due to the storm.,The teams success was largely due to her efforts. be due to sb.归功于 Our book is not due to be published until December. be due to do sth.预期，预计,due 还有其他含义： 1) 到期（应偿付，付给） e.g. The electricity bill is due tomorrow. 2) 定于（某时）到达 e.g. Our train is due in Paris at 2 p.m.,(1) due to + n. (

8、pron.)在句中作状语，不可置于句首，如要放在句首用owing to或because of, thanks to (因为,由于) e.g. Owing to busy work, I dont have time to go to the club. (2) due to 在句中还可作表语或定语。 e.g. The wage due to him will be paid tomorrow.,Notes：,see/hear,I saw the spaceship fly into space. Before the UFO disappeared, Kelly heard her broth

9、er shout. 1.see/hear sb/sth do sth.听见(看见)某人某物做了某事(描述全过程),The witness said he saw a little boy crossing the road alone at 8:00 pm. I heard her singing an English song. 2.see/hear sb doing sth.听见/看见某人正在做某事,When he came back, he saw the broken door repaired. 3.see/hear sth done 听见/看见某物被做,witness,Police

10、 are looking for witnesses to the accident. 1. n. 目击者，见证人 Many villagers witnessed the strange creature in the forest. 2. vt. 目击,当场看到,亲眼看到,Recent years have witnessed a growing price of daily goods. 3.vt. 是发生的时间/地点等，见证 He witnessed to seeing the girl robbed. 4.vi. witness to doing 作证,证明属实,Put on,Wou

11、ld you mind if I put some music on? 1.播放(激光唱片,磁带) Its very cold today; youd better put on a coat. 2.穿上,戴上,She put on the brakes suddenly. 3.打开开关 How many pounds did you put on over Christmas? 4.长胖,增加体重,倒装句,结构: 表语(表示地点的介词短语)+be+主语 Present at the meeting were the policemen who wanted to step up their

12、search for the missing boy.,1.“Happy birthday” was written on the card. On the card was written “Happy birthday”. 2. A river is at the foot of the mountain. At the foot of the mountain is a river.,3. A garden is in front of the classroom. In front of the classroom is a garden.,flash,A flash of light

13、ning was followed by thunder. 1.n. 闪光，闪耀 Hearing what he said, a flash of anger came to her mind. 2.(情感的)突发,Her eyes flashed with excitement. 3.vi.闪光,闪耀 An idea flashed into her mindwhy not help the puzzled boy work out the puzzling problem? 4.vi. (想法的)突现,In a flash he realized he was completely wro

14、ng. 1. in/like a flash很快,转眼间,一瞬间 Her thoughts flashed back to the day when she witnessed the incident. 2.flash back (to sth.)回忆,回想,回顾,assume We cant assume anything in this case. 1.assume+n. 假定 Lets assume the aliens to be short. 2.Assume + 宾语(+to be)+adj. 假定/以为是,Many people assume that the evidence

15、 is weak. 3. assume that从句 Assuming that the proposal is accepted, when are we going to get the money? 4.assuming that假定 在句子中做独立成分,You will assume your new duties tomorrow. 2.vt.担任,承担 承担责任 assume responsibility,Her countenance assumed a smile. The motion of matter always assumes certain forms. 3.呈现,

16、具有,采取,表现,1. n. assumption 假定,设想,承担,担任 Make an assumption做出假定 On the assumption that假定 His air of assumption made him disliked. 自负,傲慢,类似结构,Supposing/assuming/providing (that) 假如,如果 Considering (that)考虑到 Judging from根据判断 Given考虑到,在有的情况下,Supposingheis absent, whatshallwedo? Considering that you are no

17、longer involved with this man, your response is a little extreme. Judging from his behavior, he is a nobleman. Given that you dont disturb others, you may come to sit in our class.,5. Mr. Foster was working that night on his road construction job, and was not home when these events occurred. constru

18、ction n. e.g. The building is a peculiarly shaped construction. n.建筑物,The building is under construction. 2.建造,建设,施工 This sentence does not bear such a construction. 3.解释,意义 The construction of the sentence is wrong. 4.结构,造句;作图,构造 under construction在建设中 1.建造,建设,施工,construct,He eventually constructed

19、 a business empire. vt. 建设，建造, The story is skillfully constructed. 构建，构思,Construct a square on the paper. 作(几何图形) The building is under construction. The building is being constructed.,occur I hope this wont occur again. vi. 发生 Such a case does occur in real life. vi. 存在,出现 A good idea occurred to

20、him. 1. occur to sb (主意或想法突然)浮现在脑海中,想起,想到(常与to连用,it做形式主语),It occurred to me that I had left the construction model at home. 我没想到你会拒绝。 It didnt occur to me that you would object. It occurs to sb that某人想到,辨析,occur/happen A strange thing happened. I happened to be at the station when he arrived. happen

21、 to do sth.碰巧,恰巧,1.occur具体事情的发生,常与介词to搭配 2.happen”偶然,碰巧”发生,show up e.g. He promised to come on Tuesday but he never showed up. 出现，露面,1. You showed him up by calling him his nick name in front of his girlfriend. ( make sb. embarrassed) 使难堪,2. The sunlight showed up the marks on the glass. ( make sth.

22、 become visible) 使明显,使显现,使显示出来,show的相关词组 1) 炫耀，夸耀；卖弄 2) 显示； 渲染（某物的优点） show off 带某人参观 show sb around,so that从句,They stepped up the construction of the new building so that they could complete it ahead of time. so that引导目的状语从句,”为了”,从句谓语中通常含有can, could等情态动词,They stepped up the construction of the new b

23、uilding, so that they completed it ahead of time. so that引导结果状语从句,前面常有逗号与主句隔开。,research,He is busy with research work. 1.研究，调查，探索 My researches were directed towards finding a cure for headaches. 2.研究工作，学术研究，创造性工作,He has been researched into/on the effects of radioactivity. 1.vi.research into/on sth

24、. 研究,search,I searched everywhere but I couldnt find your book. 1. vt.搜寻,寻找 Ive searched my conscience and I still think I did the right thing. 2.vt.探寻，调查,The boy spent a lot of time searching for the information about UFOs on the Internet. 2. vi. search for搜寻,寻找,The company has spent millions in th

25、e search for oil. 1.n. search for 探寻,搜寻,调查 Scientists are in search of the cure for the disease. 2. in search of 寻找,8. When asked about the possibility that has taken charge of possibility n. 可能性 e.g. There is a strong possibility that they will win the next election. Theres possibility that有可能,2. p

26、ossibility of doing sth.做某事的可能性 3.adj.possible可能的 4.adv.possibly可能 It is possible/probable/likely that有可能的 Sb./sth. be likely to do sth.某人有可能做某事,e.g. The department was badly organized until she took charge of it. The policeman said he would take charge of the gun. take charge of 控制，掌管，担负责任,In charg

27、e of 负责,掌管 In the charge of sb. 由某人负责 In ones charge 由某人负责 Free of charge 免费,case,Police worked on the case for a year, but didnt find out who the murderer was. CN.案子,It occurred to me that my case was different. CN.情况 If that is the case, then I have nothing to say. CN.事实,The doctor invited some ex

28、perts to discuss his case. CN.病情,当先行词为case(情况),situation(形势),position(位置,职位),condition(情形,条件),point(境地),stage(境地,阶段),且在从句中充当状语,常用where/in which来引导定语从句。 I can think of many cases where students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.,9. Sometimes people m

29、ake up such amazing stories. e.g. Tom makes up stories to amuse his little brother. make up 编造,make up 还有其他含义： e.g. I feel I have been mean to you, and I want to make it up to you. 1) 弥补，补偿 e.g. The toy cost a dollar and Ted only had fifty cents, so his dad made up the difference. 2) 凑足,e.g. She doe

30、snt go to work without making up. 3) 化妆 e.g. Girls make up 45% of the student population in our school. 4) 组成,evidence,You must give enough evidence to prove him innocent. UN, CN.根据,证据,证明,The witness refused to give evidence in the beginning. UN.法庭上的证据,物证,10. So, while we have not dismissed the idea

31、, we are looking into other possibilities as well. e.g. Their evidence was dismissed as completely useless. vt. 不予考虑,认为,The officer was dismissed from his service. 2.vt.解雇，撤职，开除 The teacher dismissed his students before the bell rang. 3.vt.解散,使退去,难句解析,Justin Forster, a high school student, went miss

32、ing last Friday night. 【分析讲解】 同位语：一个名词（或其他形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明，这个名词（或其他形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常紧挨在一起。,考例1 To save class time, our teacher has _ students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework. A. us B. we C. our D. ours,考例2 There is much chance _ Bill wil

33、l recover from his injury in time for the race. A. that B. which C. until D. if,2. Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white-skinned, and large black eyes. 飞船里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又大又黑的奇怪生物。,【分析讲解】 这是一个倒装句，主语是lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes。当方位副词或表示方位的介词短语提前时，整个句

34、子全部倒装。如： By Mr. Greens side sat his faithful dog. 格林先生的旁边蹲着他的忠实的狗。,Exercises Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking towards his house at 10.45 p.m. 考点 see，hear，watch，observe，notice，feel，look at，listen to等感官动词（词组）,see，hear，watch，observe，notice，feel，look at，listen to等感官动词（词组）后面的宾语补足语有三种形式：动词原形（不带to的不定式）、V-ing形式和V-ed形式。 动词原形表示动作的主动和完成； V-ing形式表示动作的主动或正在进行； V-ed形式表示动作的被动或完成。,1 After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers voice _ him. A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call 点拨 V-ing短语call